GGT1 Suppresses the Development of Ferroptosis and Autophagy in Mouse Retinal Ganglion Cell Through Targeting GCLC
Guihua Xu, Juanjuan Wang, Yiting Zhang, Zilin Chen, Ruidong Deng Eye Department, Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital, Huizhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Ruidong Deng; Zilin Chen, Email 359849662@qq.com; boydongdong1@126.comBackground: Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disorde...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Dove Medical Press
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Eye and Brain |
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| Online Access: | https://www.dovepress.com/ggt1-suppresses-the-development-of-ferroptosis-and-autophagy-in-mouse--peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-EB |
| _version_ | 1827694176109592576 |
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| author | Xu G Wang J Zhang Y Chen Z Deng R |
| author_facet | Xu G Wang J Zhang Y Chen Z Deng R |
| author_sort | Xu G |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Guihua Xu, Juanjuan Wang, Yiting Zhang, Zilin Chen, Ruidong Deng Eye Department, Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital, Huizhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Ruidong Deng; Zilin Chen, Email 359849662@qq.com; boydongdong1@126.comBackground: Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized with optic nerve injury and the loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Ferroptosis has been proved to be associated with the degradation of RGCs. The aim of this study is to elucidate the relationship between ferroptosis and glaucoma pathogenesis, and unveil the underlying mechanism.Methods: Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was used to evaluate the proliferation of RGCs. The accumulation of cellular iron was measured by Iron assay kit, and the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected by fluorescence probe. The mitochondrial morphology and autophagosomes were analysed by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The contents of glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were tested by a GSH assay kit and an MDA detection kit, respectively. The expression of autophagy-related proteins was detected by Western blotting.Results: A serious cell damage, aberrant iron homeostasis, and oxidative stress was shown in RGC-5 after oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) treatment and gamma-Glutamyl transpeptidase 1 (GGT1) knockdown, but these effects were significantly alleviated by overexpression of GGT1 or ferroptosis inhibitors. The TEM and immunofluorescent results indicated that mitochondria impairment and autophagosome accumulation in OGD/R-treated cells was improved after GGT1 overexpression, while the phenomenon in GGT1-silenced cells was aggravated. Furthermore, we found that GGT1 can interact with glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC) to inhibit autophagy and ferroptosis in RGC-5 cells.Conclusion: GGT1 represses autophagy in RGC-5 cells by targeting GCLC, which further restrains the development of ferroptosis in cells.Keywords: glaucoma, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase 1, ferroptosis, autophagy, glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:59:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-05b30b5d8d8744f08f48f732f6693014 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1179-2744 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:59:30Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Eye and Brain |
| spelling | doaj.art-05b30b5d8d8744f08f48f732f66930142023-11-21T17:01:06ZengDove Medical PressEye and Brain1179-27442023-11-01Volume 1513915188361GGT1 Suppresses the Development of Ferroptosis and Autophagy in Mouse Retinal Ganglion Cell Through Targeting GCLCXu GWang JZhang YChen ZDeng RGuihua Xu, Juanjuan Wang, Yiting Zhang, Zilin Chen, Ruidong Deng Eye Department, Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital, Huizhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Ruidong Deng; Zilin Chen, Email 359849662@qq.com; boydongdong1@126.comBackground: Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized with optic nerve injury and the loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Ferroptosis has been proved to be associated with the degradation of RGCs. The aim of this study is to elucidate the relationship between ferroptosis and glaucoma pathogenesis, and unveil the underlying mechanism.Methods: Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was used to evaluate the proliferation of RGCs. The accumulation of cellular iron was measured by Iron assay kit, and the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected by fluorescence probe. The mitochondrial morphology and autophagosomes were analysed by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The contents of glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were tested by a GSH assay kit and an MDA detection kit, respectively. The expression of autophagy-related proteins was detected by Western blotting.Results: A serious cell damage, aberrant iron homeostasis, and oxidative stress was shown in RGC-5 after oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) treatment and gamma-Glutamyl transpeptidase 1 (GGT1) knockdown, but these effects were significantly alleviated by overexpression of GGT1 or ferroptosis inhibitors. The TEM and immunofluorescent results indicated that mitochondria impairment and autophagosome accumulation in OGD/R-treated cells was improved after GGT1 overexpression, while the phenomenon in GGT1-silenced cells was aggravated. Furthermore, we found that GGT1 can interact with glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC) to inhibit autophagy and ferroptosis in RGC-5 cells.Conclusion: GGT1 represses autophagy in RGC-5 cells by targeting GCLC, which further restrains the development of ferroptosis in cells.Keywords: glaucoma, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase 1, ferroptosis, autophagy, glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunithttps://www.dovepress.com/ggt1-suppresses-the-development-of-ferroptosis-and-autophagy-in-mouse--peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-EBglaucomagamma-glutamyl transpeptidase 1ferroptosisautophagyglutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit |
| spellingShingle | Xu G Wang J Zhang Y Chen Z Deng R GGT1 Suppresses the Development of Ferroptosis and Autophagy in Mouse Retinal Ganglion Cell Through Targeting GCLC Eye and Brain glaucoma gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase 1 ferroptosis autophagy glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit |
| title | GGT1 Suppresses the Development of Ferroptosis and Autophagy in Mouse Retinal Ganglion Cell Through Targeting GCLC |
| title_full | GGT1 Suppresses the Development of Ferroptosis and Autophagy in Mouse Retinal Ganglion Cell Through Targeting GCLC |
| title_fullStr | GGT1 Suppresses the Development of Ferroptosis and Autophagy in Mouse Retinal Ganglion Cell Through Targeting GCLC |
| title_full_unstemmed | GGT1 Suppresses the Development of Ferroptosis and Autophagy in Mouse Retinal Ganglion Cell Through Targeting GCLC |
| title_short | GGT1 Suppresses the Development of Ferroptosis and Autophagy in Mouse Retinal Ganglion Cell Through Targeting GCLC |
| title_sort | ggt1 suppresses the development of ferroptosis and autophagy in mouse retinal ganglion cell through targeting gclc |
| topic | glaucoma gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase 1 ferroptosis autophagy glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/ggt1-suppresses-the-development-of-ferroptosis-and-autophagy-in-mouse--peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-EB |
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