The Amino Acid Permease MoGap1 Regulates TOR Activity and Autophagy in <i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i>
Rice is an important food crop all over the world. It can be infected by the rice blast fungus <i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i>, which results in a significant reduction in rice yield. The infection mechanism of <i>M. oryzae</i> has been an academic focus for a long time. It has bee...
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/21/13663 |
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| author | Changli Huang Lin Li Lei Wang Jiandong Bao Xiaozhi Zhang Jiongyi Yan Jiaqi Wu Na Cao Jiaoyu Wang Lili Zhao Xiaohong Liu Xiaoping Yu Xueming Zhu Fucheng Lin |
| author_facet | Changli Huang Lin Li Lei Wang Jiandong Bao Xiaozhi Zhang Jiongyi Yan Jiaqi Wu Na Cao Jiaoyu Wang Lili Zhao Xiaohong Liu Xiaoping Yu Xueming Zhu Fucheng Lin |
| author_sort | Changli Huang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Rice is an important food crop all over the world. It can be infected by the rice blast fungus <i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i>, which results in a significant reduction in rice yield. The infection mechanism of <i>M. oryzae</i> has been an academic focus for a long time. It has been found that G protein, AMPK, cAMP-PKA, and MPS1-MAPK pathways play different roles in the infection process. Recently, the function of TOR signaling in regulating cell growth and autophagy by receiving nutritional signals generated by plant pathogenic fungi has been demonstrated, but its regulatory mechanism in response to the nutritional signals remains unclear. In this study, a yeast amino acid permease homologue MoGap1 was identified and a knockout mutant of MoGap1 was successfully obtained. Through a phenotypic analysis, a stress analysis, autophagy flux detection, and a TOR activity analysis, we found that the deletion of MoGap1 led to a sporulation reduction as well as increased sensitivity to cell wall stress and carbon source stress in <i>M. oryzae</i>. The Δ<i>Mogap1</i> mutant showed high sensitivity to the TOR inhibitor rapamycin. A Western blot analysis further confirmed that the TOR activity significantly decreased, which improved the level of autophagy. The results suggested that MoGap1, as an upstream regulator of TOR signaling, regulated autophagy and responded to adversities such as cell wall stress by regulating the TOR activity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:58:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-05f12f1f72ce400596df8719d912fcdf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:58:16Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-05f12f1f72ce400596df8719d912fcdf2023-11-24T05:11:44ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-11-0123211366310.3390/ijms232113663The Amino Acid Permease MoGap1 Regulates TOR Activity and Autophagy in <i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i>Changli Huang0Lin Li1Lei Wang2Jiandong Bao3Xiaozhi Zhang4Jiongyi Yan5Jiaqi Wu6Na Cao7Jiaoyu Wang8Lili Zhao9Xiaohong Liu10Xiaoping Yu11Xueming Zhu12Fucheng Lin13Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, ChinaCollege of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Hangzhou 310007, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, ChinaCollege of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Hangzhou 310007, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaZhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, ChinaCollege of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, ChinaZhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, ChinaZhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, ChinaRice is an important food crop all over the world. It can be infected by the rice blast fungus <i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i>, which results in a significant reduction in rice yield. The infection mechanism of <i>M. oryzae</i> has been an academic focus for a long time. It has been found that G protein, AMPK, cAMP-PKA, and MPS1-MAPK pathways play different roles in the infection process. Recently, the function of TOR signaling in regulating cell growth and autophagy by receiving nutritional signals generated by plant pathogenic fungi has been demonstrated, but its regulatory mechanism in response to the nutritional signals remains unclear. In this study, a yeast amino acid permease homologue MoGap1 was identified and a knockout mutant of MoGap1 was successfully obtained. Through a phenotypic analysis, a stress analysis, autophagy flux detection, and a TOR activity analysis, we found that the deletion of MoGap1 led to a sporulation reduction as well as increased sensitivity to cell wall stress and carbon source stress in <i>M. oryzae</i>. The Δ<i>Mogap1</i> mutant showed high sensitivity to the TOR inhibitor rapamycin. A Western blot analysis further confirmed that the TOR activity significantly decreased, which improved the level of autophagy. The results suggested that MoGap1, as an upstream regulator of TOR signaling, regulated autophagy and responded to adversities such as cell wall stress by regulating the TOR activity.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/21/13663rice blastgene knockoutTORautophagyamino acid permease |
| spellingShingle | Changli Huang Lin Li Lei Wang Jiandong Bao Xiaozhi Zhang Jiongyi Yan Jiaqi Wu Na Cao Jiaoyu Wang Lili Zhao Xiaohong Liu Xiaoping Yu Xueming Zhu Fucheng Lin The Amino Acid Permease MoGap1 Regulates TOR Activity and Autophagy in <i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i> International Journal of Molecular Sciences rice blast gene knockout TOR autophagy amino acid permease |
| title | The Amino Acid Permease MoGap1 Regulates TOR Activity and Autophagy in <i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i> |
| title_full | The Amino Acid Permease MoGap1 Regulates TOR Activity and Autophagy in <i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i> |
| title_fullStr | The Amino Acid Permease MoGap1 Regulates TOR Activity and Autophagy in <i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Amino Acid Permease MoGap1 Regulates TOR Activity and Autophagy in <i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i> |
| title_short | The Amino Acid Permease MoGap1 Regulates TOR Activity and Autophagy in <i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i> |
| title_sort | amino acid permease mogap1 regulates tor activity and autophagy in i magnaporthe oryzae i |
| topic | rice blast gene knockout TOR autophagy amino acid permease |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/21/13663 |
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