Muscle endurance: Is bipedalism the cause?
One may ask if the transition to bipedalism from the condition of quadrupedalism, which occurred about 7 million years ago, has been the cause or consequence of a series of fundamental physiological muscular aspects including the cost of locomotion, a crucial determinant of endurance, which has been...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2022.1067396/full |
| _version_ | 1811219492301176832 |
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| author | Giuseppe D’Antona Giuseppe D’Antona Martin Burtscher |
| author_facet | Giuseppe D’Antona Giuseppe D’Antona Martin Burtscher |
| author_sort | Giuseppe D’Antona |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | One may ask if the transition to bipedalism from the condition of quadrupedalism, which occurred about 7 million years ago, has been the cause or consequence of a series of fundamental physiological muscular aspects including the cost of locomotion, a crucial determinant of endurance, which has been found to be significantly lower in humans than in apes. This issue strictly links to unsolved issues regarding the significance of several muscular structural and functional adaptations, classically attributed to bipedalism and its associated locomotions, which we cannot simply attribute to the acquisition of the upright position and which may directly or indirectly contribute to the observed changes in muscle energetics that make the modern human an exceptional endurance walker and runner compared to quadrupedals. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T07:27:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-05f59040db7e4fbcb4fb31f1a025c06c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-701X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T07:27:42Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |
| spelling | doaj.art-05f59040db7e4fbcb4fb31f1a025c06c2022-12-22T03:42:09ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution2296-701X2022-11-011010.3389/fevo.2022.10673961067396Muscle endurance: Is bipedalism the cause?Giuseppe D’Antona0Giuseppe D’Antona1Martin Burtscher2Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, ItalyCRIAMS-Sport Medicine Centre Voghera, University of Pavia, Pavia, ItalyDepartment of Sport Science, Medical Section, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, AustriaOne may ask if the transition to bipedalism from the condition of quadrupedalism, which occurred about 7 million years ago, has been the cause or consequence of a series of fundamental physiological muscular aspects including the cost of locomotion, a crucial determinant of endurance, which has been found to be significantly lower in humans than in apes. This issue strictly links to unsolved issues regarding the significance of several muscular structural and functional adaptations, classically attributed to bipedalism and its associated locomotions, which we cannot simply attribute to the acquisition of the upright position and which may directly or indirectly contribute to the observed changes in muscle energetics that make the modern human an exceptional endurance walker and runner compared to quadrupedals.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2022.1067396/fullskeletal musclemuscle energeticsevolutionwalking economyposture |
| spellingShingle | Giuseppe D’Antona Giuseppe D’Antona Martin Burtscher Muscle endurance: Is bipedalism the cause? Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution skeletal muscle muscle energetics evolution walking economy posture |
| title | Muscle endurance: Is bipedalism the cause? |
| title_full | Muscle endurance: Is bipedalism the cause? |
| title_fullStr | Muscle endurance: Is bipedalism the cause? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Muscle endurance: Is bipedalism the cause? |
| title_short | Muscle endurance: Is bipedalism the cause? |
| title_sort | muscle endurance is bipedalism the cause |
| topic | skeletal muscle muscle energetics evolution walking economy posture |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2022.1067396/full |
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