Clinical laboratory parameters and comorbidities associated with severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Kurdistan Region of Iraq

Background: The pandemic coronavirus disease (COVID-19) dramatically spread worldwide. Considering several laboratory parameters and comorbidities may facilitate the assessment of disease severity. Early recognition of disease progression associated with severe cases of COVID-19 is essential for tim...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Hussein Noori Ali, Kameran Mohammed Ali, Hassan Muhammad Rostam, Ayad M. Ali, Hassan Mohammad Tawfeeq, Mohammed Hassan Fatah, Grazziela P. Figueredo
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2022-08-01
Series:Practical Laboratory Medicine
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352551722000336
_version_ 1828518262300737536
author Hussein Noori Ali
Kameran Mohammed Ali
Hassan Muhammad Rostam
Ayad M. Ali
Hassan Mohammad Tawfeeq
Mohammed Hassan Fatah
Grazziela P. Figueredo
author_facet Hussein Noori Ali
Kameran Mohammed Ali
Hassan Muhammad Rostam
Ayad M. Ali
Hassan Mohammad Tawfeeq
Mohammed Hassan Fatah
Grazziela P. Figueredo
author_sort Hussein Noori Ali
collection DOAJ
description Background: The pandemic coronavirus disease (COVID-19) dramatically spread worldwide. Considering several laboratory parameters and comorbidities may facilitate the assessment of disease severity. Early recognition of disease progression associated with severe cases of COVID-19 is essential for timely patient triaging. Our study investigated the characteristics and role of laboratory results and comorbidities in the progression and severity of COVID-19 cases. Methods: The study was conducted from early-June to mid-August 2020. Blood samples and clinical data were taken from 322 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 at Qala Hospital, Kalar, Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Biological markers used in this study include complete blood count (CBC), D-dimer, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), serum ferritin, blood sugar, C-reactive protein (CRP) and SpO2. Results: The sample included 154 males (47.8%) and 168 females (52.2%). Most females were in the mild and moderate symptom groups, while males developed more severe symptoms. Regarding comorbidities, diabetes mellitus was considered the greatest risk factor for increasing the severity of COVID-19 symptoms. As for biological parameters, WBC, granulocytes, ESR, Ferritin, CRP and D-Dimer were elevated significantly corresponding to the severity of the disease, while lymphocytes and SpO2 showed the opposite pattern. Higher RBC was significantly associated with COVID-19 severity, especially in females. Conclusion: Gender, age and diabetes mellitus are important prognostic risk factors associated with severity and mortality of COVID-19. Relative to non-severe COVID-19, severe cases are characterized by an increase of most biological markers. These markers could be used to recognize severe cases and to monitor the clinical course of COVID-19.
first_indexed 2024-12-11T18:52:53Z
format Article
id doaj.art-05fad018643c4861af3b8814532185df
institution Directory Open Access Journal
issn 2352-5517
language English
last_indexed 2024-12-11T18:52:53Z
publishDate 2022-08-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Practical Laboratory Medicine
spelling doaj.art-05fad018643c4861af3b8814532185df2022-12-22T00:54:14ZengElsevierPractical Laboratory Medicine2352-55172022-08-0131e00294Clinical laboratory parameters and comorbidities associated with severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Kurdistan Region of IraqHussein Noori Ali0Kameran Mohammed Ali1Hassan Muhammad Rostam2Ayad M. Ali3Hassan Mohammad Tawfeeq4Mohammed Hassan Fatah5Grazziela P. Figueredo6College of Medicine, University of Garmian, Kalar, Kurdistan region, IraqMedical Lab Technology Department, Kalar Technical College, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Kalar, Kurdistan Region, IraqCollege of Medicine, University of Garmian, Kalar, Kurdistan region, Iraq; Mmunology & Immuno-Bioengineering Group, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; Corresponding author. College of Medicine, University of Garmian, Kalar, Kurdistan region, Iraq.Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Garmian, Kalar, Kurdistan region, IraqMedical Lab Technology Department, Kalar Technical College, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Kalar, Kurdistan Region, IraqMedical Lab Technology Department, Kalar Technical College, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Kalar, Kurdistan Region, IraqSchool of Computer Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG8 1BB, UKBackground: The pandemic coronavirus disease (COVID-19) dramatically spread worldwide. Considering several laboratory parameters and comorbidities may facilitate the assessment of disease severity. Early recognition of disease progression associated with severe cases of COVID-19 is essential for timely patient triaging. Our study investigated the characteristics and role of laboratory results and comorbidities in the progression and severity of COVID-19 cases. Methods: The study was conducted from early-June to mid-August 2020. Blood samples and clinical data were taken from 322 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 at Qala Hospital, Kalar, Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Biological markers used in this study include complete blood count (CBC), D-dimer, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), serum ferritin, blood sugar, C-reactive protein (CRP) and SpO2. Results: The sample included 154 males (47.8%) and 168 females (52.2%). Most females were in the mild and moderate symptom groups, while males developed more severe symptoms. Regarding comorbidities, diabetes mellitus was considered the greatest risk factor for increasing the severity of COVID-19 symptoms. As for biological parameters, WBC, granulocytes, ESR, Ferritin, CRP and D-Dimer were elevated significantly corresponding to the severity of the disease, while lymphocytes and SpO2 showed the opposite pattern. Higher RBC was significantly associated with COVID-19 severity, especially in females. Conclusion: Gender, age and diabetes mellitus are important prognostic risk factors associated with severity and mortality of COVID-19. Relative to non-severe COVID-19, severe cases are characterized by an increase of most biological markers. These markers could be used to recognize severe cases and to monitor the clinical course of COVID-19.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352551722000336SARS-CoV-2COVID-19 severityLaboratory parametersComorbidities
spellingShingle Hussein Noori Ali
Kameran Mohammed Ali
Hassan Muhammad Rostam
Ayad M. Ali
Hassan Mohammad Tawfeeq
Mohammed Hassan Fatah
Grazziela P. Figueredo
Clinical laboratory parameters and comorbidities associated with severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Kurdistan Region of Iraq
Practical Laboratory Medicine
SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19 severity
Laboratory parameters
Comorbidities
title Clinical laboratory parameters and comorbidities associated with severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Kurdistan Region of Iraq
title_full Clinical laboratory parameters and comorbidities associated with severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Kurdistan Region of Iraq
title_fullStr Clinical laboratory parameters and comorbidities associated with severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Kurdistan Region of Iraq
title_full_unstemmed Clinical laboratory parameters and comorbidities associated with severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Kurdistan Region of Iraq
title_short Clinical laboratory parameters and comorbidities associated with severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Kurdistan Region of Iraq
title_sort clinical laboratory parameters and comorbidities associated with severity of coronavirus disease 2019 covid 19 in kurdistan region of iraq
topic SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19 severity
Laboratory parameters
Comorbidities
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352551722000336
work_keys_str_mv AT husseinnooriali clinicallaboratoryparametersandcomorbiditiesassociatedwithseverityofcoronavirusdisease2019covid19inkurdistanregionofiraq
AT kameranmohammedali clinicallaboratoryparametersandcomorbiditiesassociatedwithseverityofcoronavirusdisease2019covid19inkurdistanregionofiraq
AT hassanmuhammadrostam clinicallaboratoryparametersandcomorbiditiesassociatedwithseverityofcoronavirusdisease2019covid19inkurdistanregionofiraq
AT ayadmali clinicallaboratoryparametersandcomorbiditiesassociatedwithseverityofcoronavirusdisease2019covid19inkurdistanregionofiraq
AT hassanmohammadtawfeeq clinicallaboratoryparametersandcomorbiditiesassociatedwithseverityofcoronavirusdisease2019covid19inkurdistanregionofiraq
AT mohammedhassanfatah clinicallaboratoryparametersandcomorbiditiesassociatedwithseverityofcoronavirusdisease2019covid19inkurdistanregionofiraq
AT grazzielapfigueredo clinicallaboratoryparametersandcomorbiditiesassociatedwithseverityofcoronavirusdisease2019covid19inkurdistanregionofiraq