Active Faults, Kinematics, and Seismotectonic Evolution during Tajogaite Eruption 2021 (La Palma, Canary Islands, Spain)
During the 2021 La Palma strombolian and fissure eruption, two faults were identified that controlled the spatial distribution of earthquake hypocenters and effusive eruptive vents. One of these faults has a NW-SE trend (Tazacorte Fault: TZF) and the other one shows an ENE-WSW trend (Mazo Fault: MZF...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/7/2745 |
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| author | Miguel Ángel Rodríguez-Pascua Raúl Perez-Lopez María Ángeles Perucha Nieves Sánchez Julio López-Gutierrez José F. Mediato David Sanz-Mangas Gonzalo Lozano Inés Galindo Juan Carlos García-Davalillo Carlos Lorenzo Carnicero Marta Béjar |
| author_facet | Miguel Ángel Rodríguez-Pascua Raúl Perez-Lopez María Ángeles Perucha Nieves Sánchez Julio López-Gutierrez José F. Mediato David Sanz-Mangas Gonzalo Lozano Inés Galindo Juan Carlos García-Davalillo Carlos Lorenzo Carnicero Marta Béjar |
| author_sort | Miguel Ángel Rodríguez-Pascua |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | During the 2021 La Palma strombolian and fissure eruption, two faults were identified that controlled the spatial distribution of earthquake hypocenters and effusive eruptive vents. One of these faults has a NW-SE trend (Tazacorte Fault: TZF) and the other one shows an ENE-WSW trend (Mazo Fault: MZF). Previous works on fault structural analysis in La Palma indicated that the eruption zone was compatible with an extensional tectonic strain ellipsoid which activated normal-strike-slip directional faults at the confluence of TZF and MZF. These fractures were activated during the 2021 Tajogaite eruption, determining the NW-SE and WSW-ENE spatial distribution of vents. Both faults were mapped in real time during the volcanic eruption from fieldwork and remote sensing imagery (aerial drone images). We have collected more than 300 fracture data associated with the effusive vents and post-eruption seismic creep. Since the affected area was densely inhabited, most of these fractures affect houses and infrastructures. Some of the houses affected by the TZF were damaged 9 months after the eruption, although they were not damaged during the eruption. Surprisingly, these houses already had repairs made to the same fractures since 1980, giving information of previous fault creep movement. During the 2021 Tajogaite eruption, shallow seismicity was spatially related to both faults, suggesting a seismic behavior instead of the precedent creep movement. However, the lack of seismicity after the eruption indicates that the faults went back to creep aseismic behavior, similarly to 1980. The mapping and monitoring of these faults (TZF and MZF) is relevant bearing in mind that they have been active since 1980 and the post-eruptive phase of the 2021 volcanic eruption, which has to be included in the land use planning in areas affected by the volcanic eruption and creep movement. Furthermore, both faults could act as seismogenic sources triggering volcanic earthquakes with potential high macroseismic intensities and mass movements. The data presented here show the importance of having this type of study before the onset of the eruption, thus allowing a better interpretation of seismic data during volcanic unrest. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T10:49:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0605d9e81dea4967a9b7b3c4d273b8bc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T10:49:33Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-0605d9e81dea4967a9b7b3c4d273b8bc2024-04-12T13:14:42ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172024-03-01147274510.3390/app14072745Active Faults, Kinematics, and Seismotectonic Evolution during Tajogaite Eruption 2021 (La Palma, Canary Islands, Spain)Miguel Ángel Rodríguez-Pascua0Raúl Perez-Lopez1María Ángeles Perucha2Nieves Sánchez3Julio López-Gutierrez4José F. Mediato5David Sanz-Mangas6Gonzalo Lozano7Inés Galindo8Juan Carlos García-Davalillo9Carlos Lorenzo Carnicero10Marta Béjar11Instituto Geológico y Minero de España (IGME-CSIC), Ríos Rosas, 23, 28003 Madrid, SpainInstituto Geológico y Minero de España (IGME-CSIC), Ríos Rosas, 23, 28003 Madrid, SpainInstituto Geológico y Minero de España (IGME-CSIC), Ríos Rosas, 23, 28003 Madrid, SpainInstituto Geológico y Minero de España (IGME-CSIC), Unidad Territorial de Canarias, C/Alonso Alvarado, 43, 2A, 35003 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, SpainInstituto Geológico y Minero de España (IGME-CSIC), Ríos Rosas, 23, 28003 Madrid, SpainInstituto Geológico y Minero de España (IGME-CSIC), Ríos Rosas, 23, 28003 Madrid, SpainInstituto Geológico y Minero de España (IGME-CSIC), Unidad Territorial de Canarias, C/Alonso Alvarado, 43, 2A, 35003 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, SpainInstituto Geológico y Minero de España (IGME-CSIC), Ríos Rosas, 23, 28003 Madrid, SpainInstituto Geológico y Minero de España (IGME-CSIC), Unidad Territorial de Canarias, C/Alonso Alvarado, 43, 2A, 35003 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, SpainInstituto Geológico y Minero de España (IGME-CSIC), Ríos Rosas, 23, 28003 Madrid, SpainInstituto Geológico y Minero de España (IGME-CSIC), Ríos Rosas, 23, 28003 Madrid, SpainInstituto Geológico y Minero de España (IGME-CSIC), Ríos Rosas, 23, 28003 Madrid, SpainDuring the 2021 La Palma strombolian and fissure eruption, two faults were identified that controlled the spatial distribution of earthquake hypocenters and effusive eruptive vents. One of these faults has a NW-SE trend (Tazacorte Fault: TZF) and the other one shows an ENE-WSW trend (Mazo Fault: MZF). Previous works on fault structural analysis in La Palma indicated that the eruption zone was compatible with an extensional tectonic strain ellipsoid which activated normal-strike-slip directional faults at the confluence of TZF and MZF. These fractures were activated during the 2021 Tajogaite eruption, determining the NW-SE and WSW-ENE spatial distribution of vents. Both faults were mapped in real time during the volcanic eruption from fieldwork and remote sensing imagery (aerial drone images). We have collected more than 300 fracture data associated with the effusive vents and post-eruption seismic creep. Since the affected area was densely inhabited, most of these fractures affect houses and infrastructures. Some of the houses affected by the TZF were damaged 9 months after the eruption, although they were not damaged during the eruption. Surprisingly, these houses already had repairs made to the same fractures since 1980, giving information of previous fault creep movement. During the 2021 Tajogaite eruption, shallow seismicity was spatially related to both faults, suggesting a seismic behavior instead of the precedent creep movement. However, the lack of seismicity after the eruption indicates that the faults went back to creep aseismic behavior, similarly to 1980. The mapping and monitoring of these faults (TZF and MZF) is relevant bearing in mind that they have been active since 1980 and the post-eruptive phase of the 2021 volcanic eruption, which has to be included in the land use planning in areas affected by the volcanic eruption and creep movement. Furthermore, both faults could act as seismogenic sources triggering volcanic earthquakes with potential high macroseismic intensities and mass movements. The data presented here show the importance of having this type of study before the onset of the eruption, thus allowing a better interpretation of seismic data during volcanic unrest.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/7/2745Tajogaite eruption 2021active faultstrain tensorearthquakecreepLa Palma |
| spellingShingle | Miguel Ángel Rodríguez-Pascua Raúl Perez-Lopez María Ángeles Perucha Nieves Sánchez Julio López-Gutierrez José F. Mediato David Sanz-Mangas Gonzalo Lozano Inés Galindo Juan Carlos García-Davalillo Carlos Lorenzo Carnicero Marta Béjar Active Faults, Kinematics, and Seismotectonic Evolution during Tajogaite Eruption 2021 (La Palma, Canary Islands, Spain) Applied Sciences Tajogaite eruption 2021 active fault strain tensor earthquake creep La Palma |
| title | Active Faults, Kinematics, and Seismotectonic Evolution during Tajogaite Eruption 2021 (La Palma, Canary Islands, Spain) |
| title_full | Active Faults, Kinematics, and Seismotectonic Evolution during Tajogaite Eruption 2021 (La Palma, Canary Islands, Spain) |
| title_fullStr | Active Faults, Kinematics, and Seismotectonic Evolution during Tajogaite Eruption 2021 (La Palma, Canary Islands, Spain) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Active Faults, Kinematics, and Seismotectonic Evolution during Tajogaite Eruption 2021 (La Palma, Canary Islands, Spain) |
| title_short | Active Faults, Kinematics, and Seismotectonic Evolution during Tajogaite Eruption 2021 (La Palma, Canary Islands, Spain) |
| title_sort | active faults kinematics and seismotectonic evolution during tajogaite eruption 2021 la palma canary islands spain |
| topic | Tajogaite eruption 2021 active fault strain tensor earthquake creep La Palma |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/7/2745 |
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