Experimental study of the effect of filled bed type on the performance of a cross-flow cooling tower with the approach of using water-based nanofluids (MWCNTs and TiO2)

This study aimed to experimentally investigate the effects of filled beds on the performance of a cross-flow cooling tower (CFCT) with the approach of using nanofluids. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanofluids and 6 kinds of filled beds in two classes of splashes...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Reza Javadpour, Saeed Zeinali Heris, Josua P. Meyer
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2022-11-01
Series:Energy Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352484722011672
_version_ 1828011058862751744
author Reza Javadpour
Saeed Zeinali Heris
Josua P. Meyer
author_facet Reza Javadpour
Saeed Zeinali Heris
Josua P. Meyer
author_sort Reza Javadpour
collection DOAJ
description This study aimed to experimentally investigate the effects of filled beds on the performance of a cross-flow cooling tower (CFCT) with the approach of using nanofluids. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanofluids and 6 kinds of filled beds in two classes of splashes and films were used. To select the best bed using TiO2/water and MWCNTs/water nanofluids with a concentration of 0.05 wt%, the effect of these beds on the thermal performance of CFCT was evaluated, and the results were compared with each other and with pure water. The effects of nanofluid type and flow ratio (L/G) on CFCT performance factors, including cooling range, effectiveness, Merkel number, and evaporation rate, were investigated. The nanofluids were prepared by the two-step method and gum arabic was used as a surfactant to improve their stability. The results showed that, using nanofluids instead of water as the operating fluid generally improves the thermal performance of CFCT. It was found that the appropriate bed for water and nanofluid was bed 5 and bed 3, respectively. As well as, the use of a suitable filled bed at low flow ratio had a much greater effect on improving the performance of the tower. For example, at the same concentration of MWCNTs/water nanofluid using bed 3, the increase in tower effectiveness compared to pure water was about 28% at L/G=0.4, while it was only 7% at L/G=2. In addition, the parameters of cooling range, effectiveness, and Merkel number were increased by 28%, 85%, and 131%, respectively, when bed 3 was used compared to the bedless condition, indicating the importance of a suitable bed when using nanofluids.
first_indexed 2024-04-10T09:09:30Z
format Article
id doaj.art-06126b2248ed4e3d96f92d3322d56412
institution Directory Open Access Journal
issn 2352-4847
language English
last_indexed 2024-04-10T09:09:30Z
publishDate 2022-11-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Energy Reports
spelling doaj.art-06126b2248ed4e3d96f92d3322d564122023-02-21T05:12:01ZengElsevierEnergy Reports2352-48472022-11-01883468360Experimental study of the effect of filled bed type on the performance of a cross-flow cooling tower with the approach of using water-based nanofluids (MWCNTs and TiO2)Reza Javadpour0Saeed Zeinali Heris1Josua P. Meyer2Faculty of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, IranFaculty of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran; Corresponding author.Department of Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South AfricaThis study aimed to experimentally investigate the effects of filled beds on the performance of a cross-flow cooling tower (CFCT) with the approach of using nanofluids. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanofluids and 6 kinds of filled beds in two classes of splashes and films were used. To select the best bed using TiO2/water and MWCNTs/water nanofluids with a concentration of 0.05 wt%, the effect of these beds on the thermal performance of CFCT was evaluated, and the results were compared with each other and with pure water. The effects of nanofluid type and flow ratio (L/G) on CFCT performance factors, including cooling range, effectiveness, Merkel number, and evaporation rate, were investigated. The nanofluids were prepared by the two-step method and gum arabic was used as a surfactant to improve their stability. The results showed that, using nanofluids instead of water as the operating fluid generally improves the thermal performance of CFCT. It was found that the appropriate bed for water and nanofluid was bed 5 and bed 3, respectively. As well as, the use of a suitable filled bed at low flow ratio had a much greater effect on improving the performance of the tower. For example, at the same concentration of MWCNTs/water nanofluid using bed 3, the increase in tower effectiveness compared to pure water was about 28% at L/G=0.4, while it was only 7% at L/G=2. In addition, the parameters of cooling range, effectiveness, and Merkel number were increased by 28%, 85%, and 131%, respectively, when bed 3 was used compared to the bedless condition, indicating the importance of a suitable bed when using nanofluids.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352484722011672NanofluidsCooling towerFilled bedCarbon nanotubesTitanium dioxide
spellingShingle Reza Javadpour
Saeed Zeinali Heris
Josua P. Meyer
Experimental study of the effect of filled bed type on the performance of a cross-flow cooling tower with the approach of using water-based nanofluids (MWCNTs and TiO2)
Energy Reports
Nanofluids
Cooling tower
Filled bed
Carbon nanotubes
Titanium dioxide
title Experimental study of the effect of filled bed type on the performance of a cross-flow cooling tower with the approach of using water-based nanofluids (MWCNTs and TiO2)
title_full Experimental study of the effect of filled bed type on the performance of a cross-flow cooling tower with the approach of using water-based nanofluids (MWCNTs and TiO2)
title_fullStr Experimental study of the effect of filled bed type on the performance of a cross-flow cooling tower with the approach of using water-based nanofluids (MWCNTs and TiO2)
title_full_unstemmed Experimental study of the effect of filled bed type on the performance of a cross-flow cooling tower with the approach of using water-based nanofluids (MWCNTs and TiO2)
title_short Experimental study of the effect of filled bed type on the performance of a cross-flow cooling tower with the approach of using water-based nanofluids (MWCNTs and TiO2)
title_sort experimental study of the effect of filled bed type on the performance of a cross flow cooling tower with the approach of using water based nanofluids mwcnts and tio2
topic Nanofluids
Cooling tower
Filled bed
Carbon nanotubes
Titanium dioxide
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352484722011672
work_keys_str_mv AT rezajavadpour experimentalstudyoftheeffectoffilledbedtypeontheperformanceofacrossflowcoolingtowerwiththeapproachofusingwaterbasednanofluidsmwcntsandtio2
AT saeedzeinaliheris experimentalstudyoftheeffectoffilledbedtypeontheperformanceofacrossflowcoolingtowerwiththeapproachofusingwaterbasednanofluidsmwcntsandtio2
AT josuapmeyer experimentalstudyoftheeffectoffilledbedtypeontheperformanceofacrossflowcoolingtowerwiththeapproachofusingwaterbasednanofluidsmwcntsandtio2