Optimal Voltage Control Method for a Step Voltage Regulator Considering the Under-Load Tap Changer in a Distribution System Interconnected with a Renewable Energy Source
The voltage in distribution systems is controlled by the under-load tap changer of the substation and the pole transformer of the primary feeders. Recently, as one of the main countermeasures, a step voltage regulator is being introduced to solve voltage problems such as overvoltage phenomena in a d...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/16/6039 |
| _version_ | 1797584806153814016 |
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| author | Hyun-ok Lee Dae-Jin Kim Chun-Sung Kim Byungki Kim |
| author_facet | Hyun-ok Lee Dae-Jin Kim Chun-Sung Kim Byungki Kim |
| author_sort | Hyun-ok Lee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The voltage in distribution systems is controlled by the under-load tap changer of the substation and the pole transformer of the primary feeders. Recently, as one of the main countermeasures, a step voltage regulator is being introduced to solve voltage problems such as overvoltage phenomena in a distribution feeder interconnected with a renewable energy source and under voltage in a long-distance feeder. However, the tap of the step voltage regulator may be frequently operated due to its interdependent relationship with the under-load tap changer in the distribution system. Furthermore, given the existing operating characteristics of the step voltage regulator, it is difficult to perfectly maintain the customer voltage within an allowable limit using existing methods such as the line drop compensation method for a step voltage regulator. In addition, the existing line drop compensation method, considering the distributed generators, may be not able to control the proper voltage within an allowable limit. Therefore, in order to solve such voltage problems, this paper proposes a voltage control method for a step voltage regulator by considering the output voltage of an under-load tap changer that is operated via the line drop compensation method. In other words, to overcome the limitations of existing voltage control methods for step voltage regulators, this paper proposes an optimal control method to determine the optimal compensation rate for a step voltage regulator by considering the reverse power flow from a renewable energy source and the output voltage of the under-load tap changer of the main transformer. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:57:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-062bb86176984f11ae2ec49d02fca5ce |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:57:54Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-062bb86176984f11ae2ec49d02fca5ce2023-11-19T00:57:51ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732023-08-011616603910.3390/en16166039Optimal Voltage Control Method for a Step Voltage Regulator Considering the Under-Load Tap Changer in a Distribution System Interconnected with a Renewable Energy SourceHyun-ok Lee0Dae-Jin Kim1Chun-Sung Kim2Byungki Kim3Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Polytechnics, 85, Haseo-ro, Buk-gu 61099, Gyeonggi, Republic of KoreaElectric Power System Research Team, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), 200 Haemajihaean-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju 63357, Jeju Specific Self-Governing Province, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Energy Innovative Industry R&D, Green Energy Institute, 370, Green-ro, Naju 58324, Jeollanam-do, Republic of KoreaElectric Power System Research Team, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), 200 Haemajihaean-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju 63357, Jeju Specific Self-Governing Province, Republic of KoreaThe voltage in distribution systems is controlled by the under-load tap changer of the substation and the pole transformer of the primary feeders. Recently, as one of the main countermeasures, a step voltage regulator is being introduced to solve voltage problems such as overvoltage phenomena in a distribution feeder interconnected with a renewable energy source and under voltage in a long-distance feeder. However, the tap of the step voltage regulator may be frequently operated due to its interdependent relationship with the under-load tap changer in the distribution system. Furthermore, given the existing operating characteristics of the step voltage regulator, it is difficult to perfectly maintain the customer voltage within an allowable limit using existing methods such as the line drop compensation method for a step voltage regulator. In addition, the existing line drop compensation method, considering the distributed generators, may be not able to control the proper voltage within an allowable limit. Therefore, in order to solve such voltage problems, this paper proposes a voltage control method for a step voltage regulator by considering the output voltage of an under-load tap changer that is operated via the line drop compensation method. In other words, to overcome the limitations of existing voltage control methods for step voltage regulators, this paper proposes an optimal control method to determine the optimal compensation rate for a step voltage regulator by considering the reverse power flow from a renewable energy source and the output voltage of the under-load tap changer of the main transformer.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/16/6039under-load tap changerstep voltage regulatorcustomer voltageline drop compensationreverse power flow |
| spellingShingle | Hyun-ok Lee Dae-Jin Kim Chun-Sung Kim Byungki Kim Optimal Voltage Control Method for a Step Voltage Regulator Considering the Under-Load Tap Changer in a Distribution System Interconnected with a Renewable Energy Source Energies under-load tap changer step voltage regulator customer voltage line drop compensation reverse power flow |
| title | Optimal Voltage Control Method for a Step Voltage Regulator Considering the Under-Load Tap Changer in a Distribution System Interconnected with a Renewable Energy Source |
| title_full | Optimal Voltage Control Method for a Step Voltage Regulator Considering the Under-Load Tap Changer in a Distribution System Interconnected with a Renewable Energy Source |
| title_fullStr | Optimal Voltage Control Method for a Step Voltage Regulator Considering the Under-Load Tap Changer in a Distribution System Interconnected with a Renewable Energy Source |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimal Voltage Control Method for a Step Voltage Regulator Considering the Under-Load Tap Changer in a Distribution System Interconnected with a Renewable Energy Source |
| title_short | Optimal Voltage Control Method for a Step Voltage Regulator Considering the Under-Load Tap Changer in a Distribution System Interconnected with a Renewable Energy Source |
| title_sort | optimal voltage control method for a step voltage regulator considering the under load tap changer in a distribution system interconnected with a renewable energy source |
| topic | under-load tap changer step voltage regulator customer voltage line drop compensation reverse power flow |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/16/6039 |
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