Interventions on Microbiota: Where Do We Stand on a Gut–Brain Link in Autism? A Systematic Review
The alteration of the microbiota–gut–brain axis has been recently recognized as a critical modulator of neuropsychiatric health and a possible factor in the etiopathogenesis of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). This systematic review offers practitioners an overview of the potential therapeutic optio...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/3/462 |
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| author | Margherita Prosperi Elisa Santocchi Letizia Guiducci Jacopo Frinzi Maria Aurora Morales Raffaella Tancredi Filippo Muratori Sara Calderoni |
| author_facet | Margherita Prosperi Elisa Santocchi Letizia Guiducci Jacopo Frinzi Maria Aurora Morales Raffaella Tancredi Filippo Muratori Sara Calderoni |
| author_sort | Margherita Prosperi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The alteration of the microbiota–gut–brain axis has been recently recognized as a critical modulator of neuropsychiatric health and a possible factor in the etiopathogenesis of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). This systematic review offers practitioners an overview of the potential therapeutic options to modify dysbiosis, GI symptoms, and ASD severity by modulating the microbiota–gut–brain axis in ASD, taking into consideration limits and benefits from current findings. Comprehensive searches of PubMed, Scopus, the Web of Science Core Collection, and EMBASE were performed from 2000 to 2021, crossing terms referred to ASD and treatments acting on the microbiota–gut–brain axis. A total of 1769 publications were identified, of which 19 articles met the inclusion criteria. Data were extracted independently by two reviewers using a preconstructed form. Despite the encouraging findings, considering the variability of the treatments, the samples size, the duration of treatment, and the tools used to evaluate the outcome of the examined trials, these results are still partial. They do not allow to establish a conclusive beneficial effect of probiotics and other interventions on the symptoms of ASD. In particular, the optimal species, subspecies, and dosages have yet to be identified. Considering the heterogeneity of ASD, double-blind, randomized, controlled trials and treatment tailored to ASD characteristics and host-microbiota are recommended. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:22:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-062c778f60504d13b46a014091515210 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:22:04Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-062c778f60504d13b46a0140915152102023-11-23T17:24:09ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432022-01-0114346210.3390/nu14030462Interventions on Microbiota: Where Do We Stand on a Gut–Brain Link in Autism? A Systematic ReviewMargherita Prosperi0Elisa Santocchi1Letizia Guiducci2Jacopo Frinzi3Maria Aurora Morales4Raffaella Tancredi5Filippo Muratori6Sara Calderoni7Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Viale del Tirreno 331, 56128 Calambrone, ItalyUFSMIA Zona Valle del Serchio, Azienda USL Toscana Nord Ovest, 55032 Località Castelnuovo Garfagnana, ItalyInstitute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Viale del Tirreno 331, 56128 Calambrone, ItalyInstitute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Viale del Tirreno 331, 56128 Calambrone, ItalyDepartment of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Viale del Tirreno 331, 56128 Calambrone, ItalyDepartment of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Viale del Tirreno 331, 56128 Calambrone, ItalyThe alteration of the microbiota–gut–brain axis has been recently recognized as a critical modulator of neuropsychiatric health and a possible factor in the etiopathogenesis of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). This systematic review offers practitioners an overview of the potential therapeutic options to modify dysbiosis, GI symptoms, and ASD severity by modulating the microbiota–gut–brain axis in ASD, taking into consideration limits and benefits from current findings. Comprehensive searches of PubMed, Scopus, the Web of Science Core Collection, and EMBASE were performed from 2000 to 2021, crossing terms referred to ASD and treatments acting on the microbiota–gut–brain axis. A total of 1769 publications were identified, of which 19 articles met the inclusion criteria. Data were extracted independently by two reviewers using a preconstructed form. Despite the encouraging findings, considering the variability of the treatments, the samples size, the duration of treatment, and the tools used to evaluate the outcome of the examined trials, these results are still partial. They do not allow to establish a conclusive beneficial effect of probiotics and other interventions on the symptoms of ASD. In particular, the optimal species, subspecies, and dosages have yet to be identified. Considering the heterogeneity of ASD, double-blind, randomized, controlled trials and treatment tailored to ASD characteristics and host-microbiota are recommended.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/3/462probioticsprebioticsfecal microbiota transplantationpsychobioticsmicrobiotagastrointestinal |
| spellingShingle | Margherita Prosperi Elisa Santocchi Letizia Guiducci Jacopo Frinzi Maria Aurora Morales Raffaella Tancredi Filippo Muratori Sara Calderoni Interventions on Microbiota: Where Do We Stand on a Gut–Brain Link in Autism? A Systematic Review Nutrients probiotics prebiotics fecal microbiota transplantation psychobiotics microbiota gastrointestinal |
| title | Interventions on Microbiota: Where Do We Stand on a Gut–Brain Link in Autism? A Systematic Review |
| title_full | Interventions on Microbiota: Where Do We Stand on a Gut–Brain Link in Autism? A Systematic Review |
| title_fullStr | Interventions on Microbiota: Where Do We Stand on a Gut–Brain Link in Autism? A Systematic Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Interventions on Microbiota: Where Do We Stand on a Gut–Brain Link in Autism? A Systematic Review |
| title_short | Interventions on Microbiota: Where Do We Stand on a Gut–Brain Link in Autism? A Systematic Review |
| title_sort | interventions on microbiota where do we stand on a gut brain link in autism a systematic review |
| topic | probiotics prebiotics fecal microbiota transplantation psychobiotics microbiota gastrointestinal |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/3/462 |
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