Alterations in Cell Mechanics by Actin Cytoskeletal Changes Correlate with Strain-Specific Rubella Virus Phenotypes for Cell Migration and Induction of Apoptosis
The cellular cytoskeleton is central for key cellular functions, and as such is a marker for diseased and infected cell states. Here we analyzed infection with rubella virus (RV) strains with respect to phenotypes in cellular mechanical properties, cell movement, and viral cytopathogenicity. Real-ti...
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MDPI AG
2018-09-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/7/9/136 |
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| author | Martin Kräter Jiranuwat Sapudom Nicole Christin Bilz Tilo Pompe Jochen Guck Claudia Claus |
| author_facet | Martin Kräter Jiranuwat Sapudom Nicole Christin Bilz Tilo Pompe Jochen Guck Claudia Claus |
| author_sort | Martin Kräter |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The cellular cytoskeleton is central for key cellular functions, and as such is a marker for diseased and infected cell states. Here we analyzed infection with rubella virus (RV) strains with respect to phenotypes in cellular mechanical properties, cell movement, and viral cytopathogenicity. Real-time deformability cytometry (RT-DC), as a high-throughput platform for the assessment of cell mechanics, revealed a correlation of an increase in cortical filamentous-actin (F-actin) with a higher cellular stiffness. The additional reduction of stress fibers noted for only some RV strains as the most severe actin rearrangement lowered cell stiffness. Furthermore, a reduced collective and single cell migration speed in a wound healing assay was detected in addition to severe changes in cell morphology. The latter was followed by activation of caspase 3/7 as a sign for induction of apoptosis. Our study emphasizes RT-DC technology as a sensitive means to characterize viral cell populations and to implicate alterations of cell mechanical properties with cell functions. These interdependent events are not only promising options to elucidate viral spread and to understand viral pathologies within the infected host. They also contribute to any diseased cell state, as exemplified by RV as a representative agent for cytoskeletal alterations involved in a cytopathological outcome. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T04:40:37Z |
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| id | doaj.art-0647ea698ba8451ba406ad2456e6b03b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T04:40:37Z |
| publishDate | 2018-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-0647ea698ba8451ba406ad2456e6b03b2023-09-03T09:42:34ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092018-09-017913610.3390/cells7090136cells7090136Alterations in Cell Mechanics by Actin Cytoskeletal Changes Correlate with Strain-Specific Rubella Virus Phenotypes for Cell Migration and Induction of ApoptosisMartin Kräter0Jiranuwat Sapudom1Nicole Christin Bilz2Tilo Pompe3Jochen Guck4Claudia Claus5Biotechnology Center, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, GermanyInstitute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, GermanyInstitute of Virology, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, GermanyInstitute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, GermanyBiotechnology Center, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, GermanyInstitute of Virology, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, GermanyThe cellular cytoskeleton is central for key cellular functions, and as such is a marker for diseased and infected cell states. Here we analyzed infection with rubella virus (RV) strains with respect to phenotypes in cellular mechanical properties, cell movement, and viral cytopathogenicity. Real-time deformability cytometry (RT-DC), as a high-throughput platform for the assessment of cell mechanics, revealed a correlation of an increase in cortical filamentous-actin (F-actin) with a higher cellular stiffness. The additional reduction of stress fibers noted for only some RV strains as the most severe actin rearrangement lowered cell stiffness. Furthermore, a reduced collective and single cell migration speed in a wound healing assay was detected in addition to severe changes in cell morphology. The latter was followed by activation of caspase 3/7 as a sign for induction of apoptosis. Our study emphasizes RT-DC technology as a sensitive means to characterize viral cell populations and to implicate alterations of cell mechanical properties with cell functions. These interdependent events are not only promising options to elucidate viral spread and to understand viral pathologies within the infected host. They also contribute to any diseased cell state, as exemplified by RV as a representative agent for cytoskeletal alterations involved in a cytopathological outcome.http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/7/9/136wound healinggap closure assayactin stress fibersreal-time deformability cytometrycytochalasin Dsingle cell trackingcell stiffness |
| spellingShingle | Martin Kräter Jiranuwat Sapudom Nicole Christin Bilz Tilo Pompe Jochen Guck Claudia Claus Alterations in Cell Mechanics by Actin Cytoskeletal Changes Correlate with Strain-Specific Rubella Virus Phenotypes for Cell Migration and Induction of Apoptosis Cells wound healing gap closure assay actin stress fibers real-time deformability cytometry cytochalasin D single cell tracking cell stiffness |
| title | Alterations in Cell Mechanics by Actin Cytoskeletal Changes Correlate with Strain-Specific Rubella Virus Phenotypes for Cell Migration and Induction of Apoptosis |
| title_full | Alterations in Cell Mechanics by Actin Cytoskeletal Changes Correlate with Strain-Specific Rubella Virus Phenotypes for Cell Migration and Induction of Apoptosis |
| title_fullStr | Alterations in Cell Mechanics by Actin Cytoskeletal Changes Correlate with Strain-Specific Rubella Virus Phenotypes for Cell Migration and Induction of Apoptosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Alterations in Cell Mechanics by Actin Cytoskeletal Changes Correlate with Strain-Specific Rubella Virus Phenotypes for Cell Migration and Induction of Apoptosis |
| title_short | Alterations in Cell Mechanics by Actin Cytoskeletal Changes Correlate with Strain-Specific Rubella Virus Phenotypes for Cell Migration and Induction of Apoptosis |
| title_sort | alterations in cell mechanics by actin cytoskeletal changes correlate with strain specific rubella virus phenotypes for cell migration and induction of apoptosis |
| topic | wound healing gap closure assay actin stress fibers real-time deformability cytometry cytochalasin D single cell tracking cell stiffness |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/7/9/136 |
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