Evaluation and Improvement Measures of the Runoff Coefficient of Urban Parks for Sustainable Water Balance
As the impermeable sidewalk area increases in urban areas, diverse problems related to water occur. The purposes of this research were to increase the rainwater infiltration rate through water balance analysis and estimate the runoff coefficient according to land cover types in urban parks. The regr...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Land |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/7/1098 |
| _version_ | 1797445782249406464 |
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| author | Jinkwan Son Taegeun Kwon |
| author_facet | Jinkwan Son Taegeun Kwon |
| author_sort | Jinkwan Son |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | As the impermeable sidewalk area increases in urban areas, diverse problems related to water occur. The purposes of this research were to increase the rainwater infiltration rate through water balance analysis and estimate the runoff coefficient according to land cover types in urban parks. The regression equations and runoff coefficients relative to the rainwater infiltration rate were estimated according to the land cover types and applied to eight urban parks. In the results of the experiment, the runoff coefficient was 0.245 for vegetation areas, 0.583 for permeable sidewalks, 0.963 for sidewalk blocks, and 1.000 for impervious sidewalks, which had 100% outflow. The results show that the vegetation area in urban parks is significantly related to rainfall–runoff, infiltration, and evapotranspiration. The average of eight urban parks was 126.52 mm, indicating that 11.80% of the rainfall was recharged into groundwater. Additionally, the average runoff rate was 498.56 mm, indicating that 46.52% was leaked externally. Therefore, it is suggested to decrease the impermeable sidewalk areas in urban parks. Additionally, extending the waterway, swamp, and gravel sidewalk areas is suggested. Urban parks should be developed in order to contribute to hydrological control through the water balance in urban land use. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:31:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-064cb2694c784fb8b233bdb0eba917f2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-445X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:31:47Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Land |
| spelling | doaj.art-064cb2694c784fb8b233bdb0eba917f22023-11-30T21:17:10ZengMDPI AGLand2073-445X2022-07-01117109810.3390/land11071098Evaluation and Improvement Measures of the Runoff Coefficient of Urban Parks for Sustainable Water BalanceJinkwan Son0Taegeun Kwon1Energy and Environmental Engineering Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju-si 54875, KoreaSanglimwon, Co., Ltd., Seongnam 13590, KoreaAs the impermeable sidewalk area increases in urban areas, diverse problems related to water occur. The purposes of this research were to increase the rainwater infiltration rate through water balance analysis and estimate the runoff coefficient according to land cover types in urban parks. The regression equations and runoff coefficients relative to the rainwater infiltration rate were estimated according to the land cover types and applied to eight urban parks. In the results of the experiment, the runoff coefficient was 0.245 for vegetation areas, 0.583 for permeable sidewalks, 0.963 for sidewalk blocks, and 1.000 for impervious sidewalks, which had 100% outflow. The results show that the vegetation area in urban parks is significantly related to rainfall–runoff, infiltration, and evapotranspiration. The average of eight urban parks was 126.52 mm, indicating that 11.80% of the rainfall was recharged into groundwater. Additionally, the average runoff rate was 498.56 mm, indicating that 46.52% was leaked externally. Therefore, it is suggested to decrease the impermeable sidewalk areas in urban parks. Additionally, extending the waterway, swamp, and gravel sidewalk areas is suggested. Urban parks should be developed in order to contribute to hydrological control through the water balance in urban land use.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/7/1098ecosystem serviceurbanimperviousrechargerural |
| spellingShingle | Jinkwan Son Taegeun Kwon Evaluation and Improvement Measures of the Runoff Coefficient of Urban Parks for Sustainable Water Balance Land ecosystem service urban impervious recharge rural |
| title | Evaluation and Improvement Measures of the Runoff Coefficient of Urban Parks for Sustainable Water Balance |
| title_full | Evaluation and Improvement Measures of the Runoff Coefficient of Urban Parks for Sustainable Water Balance |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation and Improvement Measures of the Runoff Coefficient of Urban Parks for Sustainable Water Balance |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation and Improvement Measures of the Runoff Coefficient of Urban Parks for Sustainable Water Balance |
| title_short | Evaluation and Improvement Measures of the Runoff Coefficient of Urban Parks for Sustainable Water Balance |
| title_sort | evaluation and improvement measures of the runoff coefficient of urban parks for sustainable water balance |
| topic | ecosystem service urban impervious recharge rural |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/7/1098 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jinkwanson evaluationandimprovementmeasuresoftherunoffcoefficientofurbanparksforsustainablewaterbalance AT taegeunkwon evaluationandimprovementmeasuresoftherunoffcoefficientofurbanparksforsustainablewaterbalance |