DMTMM-mediated synthesis of norbornene-modified hyaluronic acid polymers to probe cell-hydrogel interactions
Synthesis of chemically modified hyaluronic acid (HA) polymers has enabled the fabrication of hydrogels, such as norbornene-modified HA (NorHA) hydrogels that can provide tunable mechanical properties. However, current protocols for the synthesis of NorHA polymers rely on the use of dimethyl sulfoxi...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666893923000816 |
| _version_ | 1797383631915712512 |
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| author | Eleanor M. Plaster Madeline K. Eiken Claudia Loebel |
| author_facet | Eleanor M. Plaster Madeline K. Eiken Claudia Loebel |
| author_sort | Eleanor M. Plaster |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Synthesis of chemically modified hyaluronic acid (HA) polymers has enabled the fabrication of hydrogels, such as norbornene-modified HA (NorHA) hydrogels that can provide tunable mechanical properties. However, current protocols for the synthesis of NorHA polymers rely on the use of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), a solvent that is cost-intensive and requires extensive dialysis to be removed. To address this limitation, we developed an organic solvent-free NorHA synthesis protocol based on the triazine derivative 4-(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-4-methylmorpholinium chloride (DMTMM) which enables control over the degree of substituted norbornene groups and hydrogel mechanical properties. Our study further demonstrates the incorporation of enzymatically degradable crosslinkers to fabricate NorHA hydrogels as an in vitro platform to tune cell spreading and nascent protein deposition towards their use in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T21:23:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0653e582c27f430499e6a931171f0583 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2666-8939 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T21:23:51Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications |
| spelling | doaj.art-0653e582c27f430499e6a931171f05832023-12-21T07:37:42ZengElsevierCarbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications2666-89392023-12-016100360DMTMM-mediated synthesis of norbornene-modified hyaluronic acid polymers to probe cell-hydrogel interactionsEleanor M. Plaster0Madeline K. Eiken1Claudia Loebel2Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Carl A. Gerstacker Building, 2200 Bonisteel Blvd, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of AmericaDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Carl A. Gerstacker Building, 2200 Bonisteel Blvd, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of AmericaDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Carl A. Gerstacker Building, 2200 Bonisteel Blvd, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America; Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America; Corresponding author.Synthesis of chemically modified hyaluronic acid (HA) polymers has enabled the fabrication of hydrogels, such as norbornene-modified HA (NorHA) hydrogels that can provide tunable mechanical properties. However, current protocols for the synthesis of NorHA polymers rely on the use of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), a solvent that is cost-intensive and requires extensive dialysis to be removed. To address this limitation, we developed an organic solvent-free NorHA synthesis protocol based on the triazine derivative 4-(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-4-methylmorpholinium chloride (DMTMM) which enables control over the degree of substituted norbornene groups and hydrogel mechanical properties. Our study further demonstrates the incorporation of enzymatically degradable crosslinkers to fabricate NorHA hydrogels as an in vitro platform to tune cell spreading and nascent protein deposition towards their use in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666893923000816DMTMMHyaluronic acidNorborneneHydrogelsNascent matrix |
| spellingShingle | Eleanor M. Plaster Madeline K. Eiken Claudia Loebel DMTMM-mediated synthesis of norbornene-modified hyaluronic acid polymers to probe cell-hydrogel interactions Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications DMTMM Hyaluronic acid Norbornene Hydrogels Nascent matrix |
| title | DMTMM-mediated synthesis of norbornene-modified hyaluronic acid polymers to probe cell-hydrogel interactions |
| title_full | DMTMM-mediated synthesis of norbornene-modified hyaluronic acid polymers to probe cell-hydrogel interactions |
| title_fullStr | DMTMM-mediated synthesis of norbornene-modified hyaluronic acid polymers to probe cell-hydrogel interactions |
| title_full_unstemmed | DMTMM-mediated synthesis of norbornene-modified hyaluronic acid polymers to probe cell-hydrogel interactions |
| title_short | DMTMM-mediated synthesis of norbornene-modified hyaluronic acid polymers to probe cell-hydrogel interactions |
| title_sort | dmtmm mediated synthesis of norbornene modified hyaluronic acid polymers to probe cell hydrogel interactions |
| topic | DMTMM Hyaluronic acid Norbornene Hydrogels Nascent matrix |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666893923000816 |
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