Influence of Pre-Pregnancy Obesity on Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism with Selected Adipokines in the Maternal and Fetal Compartment
A higher body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of maternal and perinatal complications. This study aimed to analyze selected parameters of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, including adipokines, in obese pre-pregnant women, and their influence on the birth weig...
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/9/2130 |
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| author | Andrzej Miturski Tomasz Gęca Aleksandra Stupak Wojciech Kwaśniewski Anna Semczuk-Sikora |
| author_facet | Andrzej Miturski Tomasz Gęca Aleksandra Stupak Wojciech Kwaśniewski Anna Semczuk-Sikora |
| author_sort | Andrzej Miturski |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A higher body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of maternal and perinatal complications. This study aimed to analyze selected parameters of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, including adipokines, in obese pre-pregnant women, and their influence on the birth weight of newborns. Materials and Methods: The study group (O) consisted of 34 pregnant women with higher BMI (obese) before pregnancy. The control group (C) was 27 pregnant women with target BMI and physiological pregnancy. The BMI index: body weight [kg]/(height [m]<sup>2</sup> was assessed on the first obstetrical visit. The research material was the serum of pregnant women collected in the third trimester of pregnancy and umbilical cord blood collected immediately after delivery. Selected parameters of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and adipokines were determined. Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the study group and the control group concerning the concentrations of insulin, glucose, VLDL, adiponectin, TNF-α, HOMA-IR, as well as LDH and cholesterol in maternal blood serum and umbilical cord blood serum. Total cholesterol and HDL in both maternal blood serum and umbilical cord blood were statistically significantly lower than those in the control group. The concentration of triglycerides (TG) and resistin in the blood serum of obese mothers were higher than those in the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). However, no statistically significant differences were found between the two groups regarding the concentrations of TG and resistin in the umbilical cord blood. The concentration of LDL cholesterol in the umbilical blood serum in the obese group was statistically significantly lower than that in the control group. The concentration of leptin in maternal blood serum and umbilical cord blood serum in the study group was statistically significantly higher than that in the control group. Conclusions: Pregestational obesity does not substantially affect the basic parameters of carbohydrate metabolism in pregnant women, but it disturbs the lipid profile, which is manifested by a significant increase in triglycerides and a decrease in the level of HDL cholesterol in the serum. Preexisting obesity increases the concentration of leptin and resistin in the serum of pregnant women, which may be caused by the increased volume of adipose tissue. The concentrations of leptin and resistin in the blood of pregnant women correlate positively, and the concentrations of adiponectin and TNF-α negatively correlate with pre-pregnancy BMI values. There is a positive correlation between the concentration of leptin in the serum of umbilical cord blood and the birth weight of the newborn, which suggests that this parameter contributes to the pathomechanism of macrosomia. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:09:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-065fe30da27d455e8fb04ea8db340222 |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:09:43Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-065fe30da27d455e8fb04ea8db3402222023-11-17T23:29:32ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432023-04-01159213010.3390/nu15092130Influence of Pre-Pregnancy Obesity on Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism with Selected Adipokines in the Maternal and Fetal CompartmentAndrzej Miturski0Tomasz Gęca1Aleksandra Stupak2Wojciech Kwaśniewski3Anna Semczuk-Sikora4Department of Gynaecology, 1st Clinical Military Hospital in Lublin, Al. Racławickie 23, 20-049 Lublin, PolandChair and Department of Obstetrics and Pathology of Pregnancy, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 16 Street, 20-081 Lublin, PolandChair and Department of Obstetrics and Pathology of Pregnancy, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 16 Street, 20-081 Lublin, PolandDepartment of Gynecologic Oncology and Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 16 Street, 20-081 Lublin, PolandChair and Department of Obstetrics and Pathology of Pregnancy, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 16 Street, 20-081 Lublin, PolandA higher body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of maternal and perinatal complications. This study aimed to analyze selected parameters of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, including adipokines, in obese pre-pregnant women, and their influence on the birth weight of newborns. Materials and Methods: The study group (O) consisted of 34 pregnant women with higher BMI (obese) before pregnancy. The control group (C) was 27 pregnant women with target BMI and physiological pregnancy. The BMI index: body weight [kg]/(height [m]<sup>2</sup> was assessed on the first obstetrical visit. The research material was the serum of pregnant women collected in the third trimester of pregnancy and umbilical cord blood collected immediately after delivery. Selected parameters of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and adipokines were determined. Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the study group and the control group concerning the concentrations of insulin, glucose, VLDL, adiponectin, TNF-α, HOMA-IR, as well as LDH and cholesterol in maternal blood serum and umbilical cord blood serum. Total cholesterol and HDL in both maternal blood serum and umbilical cord blood were statistically significantly lower than those in the control group. The concentration of triglycerides (TG) and resistin in the blood serum of obese mothers were higher than those in the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). However, no statistically significant differences were found between the two groups regarding the concentrations of TG and resistin in the umbilical cord blood. The concentration of LDL cholesterol in the umbilical blood serum in the obese group was statistically significantly lower than that in the control group. The concentration of leptin in maternal blood serum and umbilical cord blood serum in the study group was statistically significantly higher than that in the control group. Conclusions: Pregestational obesity does not substantially affect the basic parameters of carbohydrate metabolism in pregnant women, but it disturbs the lipid profile, which is manifested by a significant increase in triglycerides and a decrease in the level of HDL cholesterol in the serum. Preexisting obesity increases the concentration of leptin and resistin in the serum of pregnant women, which may be caused by the increased volume of adipose tissue. The concentrations of leptin and resistin in the blood of pregnant women correlate positively, and the concentrations of adiponectin and TNF-α negatively correlate with pre-pregnancy BMI values. There is a positive correlation between the concentration of leptin in the serum of umbilical cord blood and the birth weight of the newborn, which suggests that this parameter contributes to the pathomechanism of macrosomia.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/9/2130carbohydrate metabolismlipid metabolismobesitymacrosomiaadipokinespregnancy |
| spellingShingle | Andrzej Miturski Tomasz Gęca Aleksandra Stupak Wojciech Kwaśniewski Anna Semczuk-Sikora Influence of Pre-Pregnancy Obesity on Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism with Selected Adipokines in the Maternal and Fetal Compartment Nutrients carbohydrate metabolism lipid metabolism obesity macrosomia adipokines pregnancy |
| title | Influence of Pre-Pregnancy Obesity on Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism with Selected Adipokines in the Maternal and Fetal Compartment |
| title_full | Influence of Pre-Pregnancy Obesity on Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism with Selected Adipokines in the Maternal and Fetal Compartment |
| title_fullStr | Influence of Pre-Pregnancy Obesity on Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism with Selected Adipokines in the Maternal and Fetal Compartment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of Pre-Pregnancy Obesity on Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism with Selected Adipokines in the Maternal and Fetal Compartment |
| title_short | Influence of Pre-Pregnancy Obesity on Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism with Selected Adipokines in the Maternal and Fetal Compartment |
| title_sort | influence of pre pregnancy obesity on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism with selected adipokines in the maternal and fetal compartment |
| topic | carbohydrate metabolism lipid metabolism obesity macrosomia adipokines pregnancy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/9/2130 |
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