Changes in Neuropeptide Prohormone Genes among <i>Cetartiodactyla</i> Livestock and Wild Species Associated with Evolution and Domestication
The impact of evolution and domestication processes on the sequences of neuropeptide prohormone genes that participate in cell–cell signaling influences multiple biological process that involve neuropeptide signaling. This information is important to understand the physiological differences between...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Veterinary Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/9/5/247 |
| _version_ | 1827665941210595328 |
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| author | Bruce R. Southey Sandra L. Rodriguez-Zas |
| author_facet | Bruce R. Southey Sandra L. Rodriguez-Zas |
| author_sort | Bruce R. Southey |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The impact of evolution and domestication processes on the sequences of neuropeptide prohormone genes that participate in cell–cell signaling influences multiple biological process that involve neuropeptide signaling. This information is important to understand the physiological differences between <i>Cetartiodactyla</i> domesticated species such as cow, pig, and llama and wild species such as hippopotamus, giraffes, and whales. Systematic analysis of changes associated with evolutionary and domestication forces in neuropeptide prohormone protein sequences that are processed into neuropeptides was undertaken. The genomes from 118 <i>Cetartiodactyla</i> genomes representing 22 families were mined for 98 neuropeptide prohormone genes. Compared to other <i>Cetartiodactyla</i> suborders, <i>Ruminantia</i> preserved PYY2 and lost RLN1. Changes in GNRH2, IAPP, INSL6, POMC, PRLH, and TAC4 protein sequences could result in the loss of some bioactive neuropeptides in some families. An evolutionary model suggested that most neuropeptide prohormone genes disfavor sequence changes that incorporate large and hydrophobic amino acids. A compelling finding was that differences between domestic and wild species are associated with the molecular system underlying ‘fight or flight’ responses. Overall, the results demonstrate the importance of simultaneously comparing the neuropeptide prohormone gene complement from close and distant-related species. These findings broaden the foundation for empirical studies about the function of the neuropeptidome associated with health, behavior, and food production. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:38:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-06664d5efa0848dd88f9aedbe58640e9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2306-7381 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:38:02Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Veterinary Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-06664d5efa0848dd88f9aedbe58640e92023-11-23T13:28:56ZengMDPI AGVeterinary Sciences2306-73812022-05-019524710.3390/vetsci9050247Changes in Neuropeptide Prohormone Genes among <i>Cetartiodactyla</i> Livestock and Wild Species Associated with Evolution and DomesticationBruce R. Southey0Sandra L. Rodriguez-Zas1Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USADepartment of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USAThe impact of evolution and domestication processes on the sequences of neuropeptide prohormone genes that participate in cell–cell signaling influences multiple biological process that involve neuropeptide signaling. This information is important to understand the physiological differences between <i>Cetartiodactyla</i> domesticated species such as cow, pig, and llama and wild species such as hippopotamus, giraffes, and whales. Systematic analysis of changes associated with evolutionary and domestication forces in neuropeptide prohormone protein sequences that are processed into neuropeptides was undertaken. The genomes from 118 <i>Cetartiodactyla</i> genomes representing 22 families were mined for 98 neuropeptide prohormone genes. Compared to other <i>Cetartiodactyla</i> suborders, <i>Ruminantia</i> preserved PYY2 and lost RLN1. Changes in GNRH2, IAPP, INSL6, POMC, PRLH, and TAC4 protein sequences could result in the loss of some bioactive neuropeptides in some families. An evolutionary model suggested that most neuropeptide prohormone genes disfavor sequence changes that incorporate large and hydrophobic amino acids. A compelling finding was that differences between domestic and wild species are associated with the molecular system underlying ‘fight or flight’ responses. Overall, the results demonstrate the importance of simultaneously comparing the neuropeptide prohormone gene complement from close and distant-related species. These findings broaden the foundation for empirical studies about the function of the neuropeptidome associated with health, behavior, and food production.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/9/5/247neuropeptideprohormonedomestication<i>Cetartiodactyla</i>evolution |
| spellingShingle | Bruce R. Southey Sandra L. Rodriguez-Zas Changes in Neuropeptide Prohormone Genes among <i>Cetartiodactyla</i> Livestock and Wild Species Associated with Evolution and Domestication Veterinary Sciences neuropeptide prohormone domestication <i>Cetartiodactyla</i> evolution |
| title | Changes in Neuropeptide Prohormone Genes among <i>Cetartiodactyla</i> Livestock and Wild Species Associated with Evolution and Domestication |
| title_full | Changes in Neuropeptide Prohormone Genes among <i>Cetartiodactyla</i> Livestock and Wild Species Associated with Evolution and Domestication |
| title_fullStr | Changes in Neuropeptide Prohormone Genes among <i>Cetartiodactyla</i> Livestock and Wild Species Associated with Evolution and Domestication |
| title_full_unstemmed | Changes in Neuropeptide Prohormone Genes among <i>Cetartiodactyla</i> Livestock and Wild Species Associated with Evolution and Domestication |
| title_short | Changes in Neuropeptide Prohormone Genes among <i>Cetartiodactyla</i> Livestock and Wild Species Associated with Evolution and Domestication |
| title_sort | changes in neuropeptide prohormone genes among i cetartiodactyla i livestock and wild species associated with evolution and domestication |
| topic | neuropeptide prohormone domestication <i>Cetartiodactyla</i> evolution |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/9/5/247 |
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