Evaluation of A Baculovirus-Expressed VP2 Subunit Vaccine for the Protection of White-Tailed Deer (<i>Odocoileus virginianus</i>) from Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease
Epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) is an arthropod-transmitted RNA virus and the causative agent of epizootic hemorrhagic disease (EHD) in wild and domestic ruminants. In North America, white-tailed deer (WTD) experience the highest EHD-related morbidity and mortality, although clinical dise...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-01-01
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| Series: | Vaccines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/8/1/59 |
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| author | Sun Young Sunwoo Leela E. Noronha Igor Morozov Jessie D. Trujillo In Joong Kim Erin E. Schirtzinger Bonto Faburay Barbara S. Drolet Kinga Urbaniak D. Scott McVey David A. Meekins Mitchell V. Palmer Velmurugan Balaraman William C. Wilson Juergen A. Richt |
| author_facet | Sun Young Sunwoo Leela E. Noronha Igor Morozov Jessie D. Trujillo In Joong Kim Erin E. Schirtzinger Bonto Faburay Barbara S. Drolet Kinga Urbaniak D. Scott McVey David A. Meekins Mitchell V. Palmer Velmurugan Balaraman William C. Wilson Juergen A. Richt |
| author_sort | Sun Young Sunwoo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) is an arthropod-transmitted RNA virus and the causative agent of epizootic hemorrhagic disease (EHD) in wild and domestic ruminants. In North America, white-tailed deer (WTD) experience the highest EHD-related morbidity and mortality, although clinical disease is reported in cattle during severe epizootics. No commercially licensed EHDV vaccine is available in North America. The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate a subunit vaccine candidate to control EHD in WTD. Recombinant VP2 (rVP2) outer capsid proteins of EHDV serotypes 2 (EHDV-2) and 6 (EHDV-6) were produced in a baculovirus-expression system. Mice and cattle vaccinated with EHDV-2 or EHDV-6 rVP2 produced homologous virus-neutralizing antibodies. In an immunogenicity/efficacy study, captive-bred WTD received 2 doses of EHDV-2 rVP2 or sham vaccine, then were challenged with wild-type EHDV-2 at 30 d post vaccination. None of the rVP2-vaccinated deer developed clinical disease, no viral RNA was detected in their blood or tissues (liver, lung, spleen, kidney), and no EHDV-induced lesions were observed. Sham-vaccinated deer developed clinical disease with viremia and typical EHD vascular lesions. Here, we demonstrate a rVP2 subunit vaccine that can provide protective immunity from EHDV infection and which may serve as an effective tool in preventing clinical EHD and reducing virus transmission. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T06:54:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0666780498e34e43b3658368ed1bec1f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T06:54:40Z |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj.art-0666780498e34e43b3658368ed1bec1f2022-12-22T02:57:17ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2020-01-01815910.3390/vaccines8010059vaccines8010059Evaluation of A Baculovirus-Expressed VP2 Subunit Vaccine for the Protection of White-Tailed Deer (<i>Odocoileus virginianus</i>) from Epizootic Hemorrhagic DiseaseSun Young Sunwoo0Leela E. Noronha1Igor Morozov2Jessie D. Trujillo3In Joong Kim4Erin E. Schirtzinger5Bonto Faburay6Barbara S. Drolet7Kinga Urbaniak8D. Scott McVey9David A. Meekins10Mitchell V. Palmer11Velmurugan Balaraman12William C. Wilson13Juergen A. Richt14Center of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases, and the Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USAUnited States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, Arthropod-Borne Animal Diseases Research Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506, USACenter of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases, and the Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USACenter of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases, and the Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USACenter of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases, and the Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USAUnited States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, Arthropod-Borne Animal Diseases Research Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506, USACenter of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases, and the Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USAUnited States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, Arthropod-Borne Animal Diseases Research Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506, USACenter of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases, and the Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USAUnited States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, Arthropod-Borne Animal Diseases Research Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506, USACenter of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases, and the Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USAUnited States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Animal Disease Center, Infectious Bacterial Diseases Research Unit, Ames, IA 50010, USACenter of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases, and the Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USAUnited States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, Arthropod-Borne Animal Diseases Research Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506, USACenter of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases, and the Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USAEpizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) is an arthropod-transmitted RNA virus and the causative agent of epizootic hemorrhagic disease (EHD) in wild and domestic ruminants. In North America, white-tailed deer (WTD) experience the highest EHD-related morbidity and mortality, although clinical disease is reported in cattle during severe epizootics. No commercially licensed EHDV vaccine is available in North America. The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate a subunit vaccine candidate to control EHD in WTD. Recombinant VP2 (rVP2) outer capsid proteins of EHDV serotypes 2 (EHDV-2) and 6 (EHDV-6) were produced in a baculovirus-expression system. Mice and cattle vaccinated with EHDV-2 or EHDV-6 rVP2 produced homologous virus-neutralizing antibodies. In an immunogenicity/efficacy study, captive-bred WTD received 2 doses of EHDV-2 rVP2 or sham vaccine, then were challenged with wild-type EHDV-2 at 30 d post vaccination. None of the rVP2-vaccinated deer developed clinical disease, no viral RNA was detected in their blood or tissues (liver, lung, spleen, kidney), and no EHDV-induced lesions were observed. Sham-vaccinated deer developed clinical disease with viremia and typical EHD vascular lesions. Here, we demonstrate a rVP2 subunit vaccine that can provide protective immunity from EHDV infection and which may serve as an effective tool in preventing clinical EHD and reducing virus transmission.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/8/1/59white-tailed deercattleepizootic hemorrhagic disease virussubunit vaccine |
| spellingShingle | Sun Young Sunwoo Leela E. Noronha Igor Morozov Jessie D. Trujillo In Joong Kim Erin E. Schirtzinger Bonto Faburay Barbara S. Drolet Kinga Urbaniak D. Scott McVey David A. Meekins Mitchell V. Palmer Velmurugan Balaraman William C. Wilson Juergen A. Richt Evaluation of A Baculovirus-Expressed VP2 Subunit Vaccine for the Protection of White-Tailed Deer (<i>Odocoileus virginianus</i>) from Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Vaccines white-tailed deer cattle epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus subunit vaccine |
| title | Evaluation of A Baculovirus-Expressed VP2 Subunit Vaccine for the Protection of White-Tailed Deer (<i>Odocoileus virginianus</i>) from Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease |
| title_full | Evaluation of A Baculovirus-Expressed VP2 Subunit Vaccine for the Protection of White-Tailed Deer (<i>Odocoileus virginianus</i>) from Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of A Baculovirus-Expressed VP2 Subunit Vaccine for the Protection of White-Tailed Deer (<i>Odocoileus virginianus</i>) from Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of A Baculovirus-Expressed VP2 Subunit Vaccine for the Protection of White-Tailed Deer (<i>Odocoileus virginianus</i>) from Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease |
| title_short | Evaluation of A Baculovirus-Expressed VP2 Subunit Vaccine for the Protection of White-Tailed Deer (<i>Odocoileus virginianus</i>) from Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease |
| title_sort | evaluation of a baculovirus expressed vp2 subunit vaccine for the protection of white tailed deer i odocoileus virginianus i from epizootic hemorrhagic disease |
| topic | white-tailed deer cattle epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus subunit vaccine |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/8/1/59 |
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