Protective effects of pentoxifylline on T-cell viability under inflammatory conditions
Introduction: Pentoxifylline (PTX) reduces the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines; however, its effects on immune system is not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of PTX on T cells under inflammatory conditions in co-culture with THP-1-derived macrophages. Methods...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SAGE Publishing
2022-08-01
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| Series: | European Journal of Inflammation |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1177/1721727X221120753 |
| _version_ | 1818486326092103680 |
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| author | Sung-Joon Park Sung-Hyuk Choi Young-Duck Cho Jung-Youn Kim Han-Jin Cho Kyung-Hwan Kim Won-Young Kim |
| author_facet | Sung-Joon Park Sung-Hyuk Choi Young-Duck Cho Jung-Youn Kim Han-Jin Cho Kyung-Hwan Kim Won-Young Kim |
| author_sort | Sung-Joon Park |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Pentoxifylline (PTX) reduces the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines; however, its effects on immune system is not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of PTX on T cells under inflammatory conditions in co-culture with THP-1-derived macrophages. Methods: Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR 4 ) and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) levels were measured after addition of PTX to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated differentiated THP-1 cells. T cell viability and MIF levels were measured after PTX was added to prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 )-stimulated Jurkat T-cell leukemia line. Co-culture was conducted to determine the effect of LPS-stimulated differentiated THP-1 cells that are affected by PTX on Jurkat cells. To prevent the direct effects of LPS and PTX on Jurkat cells, LPS and PTX were washed from THP-1 cells before co-culture. T cell viability and interleukin-2 (IL-2) levels were determined in Jurkat cells. Results: Increase in the MIF concentration and TLR 4 expression level in differentiated THP-1 cells stimulated with LPS were reversed after PTX addition. However, PTX did not improve T cell viability in PGE 2 –stimulated Jurkat cells. Co-culturing Jurkat cell and LPS-stimulated differentiated THP-1 cells resulted in a decreased viability of T cells. The addition of PTX restored T cell viability to normal control levels and IL-2 expression level in Jurkat cells. Conclusion: LPS-stimulated THP-1-derived macrophages reduced the T cell viability under inflammation. However, PTX restored T cells viability and IL-2 back to normal levels. Therefore, the immunomodulatory action of PTX may be mediated by macrophage-T cell interactions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T16:21:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-066ad0a686b34a529bef73f31c34bf8d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2058-7392 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T16:21:27Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | SAGE Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | European Journal of Inflammation |
| spelling | doaj.art-066ad0a686b34a529bef73f31c34bf8d2022-12-22T01:41:49ZengSAGE PublishingEuropean Journal of Inflammation2058-73922022-08-012010.1177/1721727X221120753Protective effects of pentoxifylline on T-cell viability under inflammatory conditionsSung-Joon ParkSung-Hyuk ChoiYoung-Duck ChoJung-Youn KimHan-Jin ChoKyung-Hwan KimWon-Young KimIntroduction: Pentoxifylline (PTX) reduces the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines; however, its effects on immune system is not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of PTX on T cells under inflammatory conditions in co-culture with THP-1-derived macrophages. Methods: Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR 4 ) and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) levels were measured after addition of PTX to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated differentiated THP-1 cells. T cell viability and MIF levels were measured after PTX was added to prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 )-stimulated Jurkat T-cell leukemia line. Co-culture was conducted to determine the effect of LPS-stimulated differentiated THP-1 cells that are affected by PTX on Jurkat cells. To prevent the direct effects of LPS and PTX on Jurkat cells, LPS and PTX were washed from THP-1 cells before co-culture. T cell viability and interleukin-2 (IL-2) levels were determined in Jurkat cells. Results: Increase in the MIF concentration and TLR 4 expression level in differentiated THP-1 cells stimulated with LPS were reversed after PTX addition. However, PTX did not improve T cell viability in PGE 2 –stimulated Jurkat cells. Co-culturing Jurkat cell and LPS-stimulated differentiated THP-1 cells resulted in a decreased viability of T cells. The addition of PTX restored T cell viability to normal control levels and IL-2 expression level in Jurkat cells. Conclusion: LPS-stimulated THP-1-derived macrophages reduced the T cell viability under inflammation. However, PTX restored T cells viability and IL-2 back to normal levels. Therefore, the immunomodulatory action of PTX may be mediated by macrophage-T cell interactions.https://doi.org/10.1177/1721727X221120753 |
| spellingShingle | Sung-Joon Park Sung-Hyuk Choi Young-Duck Cho Jung-Youn Kim Han-Jin Cho Kyung-Hwan Kim Won-Young Kim Protective effects of pentoxifylline on T-cell viability under inflammatory conditions European Journal of Inflammation |
| title | Protective effects of pentoxifylline on T-cell viability under inflammatory conditions |
| title_full | Protective effects of pentoxifylline on T-cell viability under inflammatory conditions |
| title_fullStr | Protective effects of pentoxifylline on T-cell viability under inflammatory conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Protective effects of pentoxifylline on T-cell viability under inflammatory conditions |
| title_short | Protective effects of pentoxifylline on T-cell viability under inflammatory conditions |
| title_sort | protective effects of pentoxifylline on t cell viability under inflammatory conditions |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1177/1721727X221120753 |
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