Clinical characteristics and risk factors of relative systemic hypertension and hypertension among sickle cell patients in Cameroon
Increased blood pressure (BP) has been associated with higher risk of stroke and mortality in Sickle Cell Disease (SCD). We investigated risk factors associated with Relative Systemic Hypertension (RSH) or systemic hypertension in SCD patients in Cameroon. Using R, Multivariate multinomial logistic...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-07-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2022.924722/full |
| _version_ | 1818048875808686080 |
|---|---|
| author | Arthemon Nguweneza Valentina Josiane Ngo Bitoungui Khuthala Mnika Gaston Mazandu Victoria Nembaware Andre P. Kengne Ambroise Wonkam Ambroise Wonkam |
| author_facet | Arthemon Nguweneza Valentina Josiane Ngo Bitoungui Khuthala Mnika Gaston Mazandu Victoria Nembaware Andre P. Kengne Ambroise Wonkam Ambroise Wonkam |
| author_sort | Arthemon Nguweneza |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Increased blood pressure (BP) has been associated with higher risk of stroke and mortality in Sickle Cell Disease (SCD). We investigated risk factors associated with Relative Systemic Hypertension (RSH) or systemic hypertension in SCD patients in Cameroon. Using R, Multivariate multinomial logistic regression modeling was used to examine the effects of the demographic, anthropometric, clinical, and laboratory factors to determine risk factors. A total of 815 individuals with SCD, including 380 (46.6%) males were analyzed. At baseline, the median age [interquartile range] was 18.0 [12.0–25.0] years, ranging from 3 to 66 years. Approximately three-quarters of the patients (n = 645; 79.1%) had normal BP, 151 (18.5%) had RSH and 19 (2.3%) had hypertension. Age (P < 0.001) and gender (P = 0.022) were significantly different across the BP categories. Weight (P < 0.001), height (P < 0.001), BMI (P < 0.001), pulse pressure (P = 0.020), history of stroke (P = 0.012), hemoglobin level (P = 0.002), red blood cell count (P = 0.031), creatinine (P < 0.001), and (estimated glomerular filtration rate) eGFR (P = 0.002) was also significantly different across the three BP categories. After adjustment, the significantly associated factors of RSH in the SCD patients were age [OR = 1.03, (95% CI = 1.01–1.06), P < 0.010], male gender [OR = 1.54, (95% CI = 1.04–2.27), P = 0.029], BMI [OR = 1.10, (95% CI = 1.04–1.17), P = 0.001]. After adjustment, the independent variables significantly associated factors of Hypertension in the SCD patients were age [OR = 1.05, (95% CI = 1.01–1.10), P = 0.034], male gender [OR = 3.31, (95% CI = 1.04–10.52), P = 0.042], BMI [OR = 1.14, (95% CI = 1.01–1.29), P = 0.027]. Creatinine was significantly associated with RSH [OR =1.31 (1.05–1.63), P = 0.016]. SCD patients with RSH or hypertension maybe at increased risk of renal dysfunction. We found relatively high prevalence of RSH and hypertension (20.8%) in SCD patients in Cameroon. Tailored Interventions that consider major risk factors (age, gender, and BMI) may lower BP pressure and prevent severe complications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T10:28:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0670d9700db44f68bf1bb3b305217590 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-858X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T10:28:38Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-0670d9700db44f68bf1bb3b3052175902022-12-22T01:52:39ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Medicine2296-858X2022-07-01910.3389/fmed.2022.924722924722Clinical characteristics and risk factors of relative systemic hypertension and hypertension among sickle cell patients in CameroonArthemon Nguweneza0Valentina Josiane Ngo Bitoungui1Khuthala Mnika2Gaston Mazandu3Victoria Nembaware4Andre P. Kengne5Ambroise Wonkam6Ambroise Wonkam7Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South AfricaDivision of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South AfricaDivision of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South AfricaDivision of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South AfricaDivision of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South AfricaNon-communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South AfricaDivision of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South AfricaMcKusick-Nathans Institute and Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United StatesIncreased blood pressure (BP) has been associated with higher risk of stroke and mortality in Sickle Cell Disease (SCD). We investigated risk factors associated with Relative Systemic Hypertension (RSH) or systemic hypertension in SCD patients in Cameroon. Using R, Multivariate multinomial logistic regression modeling was used to examine the effects of the demographic, anthropometric, clinical, and laboratory factors to determine risk factors. A total of 815 individuals with SCD, including 380 (46.6%) males were analyzed. At baseline, the median age [interquartile range] was 18.0 [12.0–25.0] years, ranging from 3 to 66 years. Approximately three-quarters of the patients (n = 645; 79.1%) had normal BP, 151 (18.5%) had RSH and 19 (2.3%) had hypertension. Age (P < 0.001) and gender (P = 0.022) were significantly different across the BP categories. Weight (P < 0.001), height (P < 0.001), BMI (P < 0.001), pulse pressure (P = 0.020), history of stroke (P = 0.012), hemoglobin level (P = 0.002), red blood cell count (P = 0.031), creatinine (P < 0.001), and (estimated glomerular filtration rate) eGFR (P = 0.002) was also significantly different across the three BP categories. After adjustment, the significantly associated factors of RSH in the SCD patients were age [OR = 1.03, (95% CI = 1.01–1.06), P < 0.010], male gender [OR = 1.54, (95% CI = 1.04–2.27), P = 0.029], BMI [OR = 1.10, (95% CI = 1.04–1.17), P = 0.001]. After adjustment, the independent variables significantly associated factors of Hypertension in the SCD patients were age [OR = 1.05, (95% CI = 1.01–1.10), P = 0.034], male gender [OR = 3.31, (95% CI = 1.04–10.52), P = 0.042], BMI [OR = 1.14, (95% CI = 1.01–1.29), P = 0.027]. Creatinine was significantly associated with RSH [OR =1.31 (1.05–1.63), P = 0.016]. SCD patients with RSH or hypertension maybe at increased risk of renal dysfunction. We found relatively high prevalence of RSH and hypertension (20.8%) in SCD patients in Cameroon. Tailored Interventions that consider major risk factors (age, gender, and BMI) may lower BP pressure and prevent severe complications.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2022.924722/fullrelative hypertensionhypertensionrisk factorssickle cell diseaseCameroonAfrica |
| spellingShingle | Arthemon Nguweneza Valentina Josiane Ngo Bitoungui Khuthala Mnika Gaston Mazandu Victoria Nembaware Andre P. Kengne Ambroise Wonkam Ambroise Wonkam Clinical characteristics and risk factors of relative systemic hypertension and hypertension among sickle cell patients in Cameroon Frontiers in Medicine relative hypertension hypertension risk factors sickle cell disease Cameroon Africa |
| title | Clinical characteristics and risk factors of relative systemic hypertension and hypertension among sickle cell patients in Cameroon |
| title_full | Clinical characteristics and risk factors of relative systemic hypertension and hypertension among sickle cell patients in Cameroon |
| title_fullStr | Clinical characteristics and risk factors of relative systemic hypertension and hypertension among sickle cell patients in Cameroon |
| title_full_unstemmed | Clinical characteristics and risk factors of relative systemic hypertension and hypertension among sickle cell patients in Cameroon |
| title_short | Clinical characteristics and risk factors of relative systemic hypertension and hypertension among sickle cell patients in Cameroon |
| title_sort | clinical characteristics and risk factors of relative systemic hypertension and hypertension among sickle cell patients in cameroon |
| topic | relative hypertension hypertension risk factors sickle cell disease Cameroon Africa |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2022.924722/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT arthemonnguweneza clinicalcharacteristicsandriskfactorsofrelativesystemichypertensionandhypertensionamongsicklecellpatientsincameroon AT valentinajosianengobitoungui clinicalcharacteristicsandriskfactorsofrelativesystemichypertensionandhypertensionamongsicklecellpatientsincameroon AT khuthalamnika clinicalcharacteristicsandriskfactorsofrelativesystemichypertensionandhypertensionamongsicklecellpatientsincameroon AT gastonmazandu clinicalcharacteristicsandriskfactorsofrelativesystemichypertensionandhypertensionamongsicklecellpatientsincameroon AT victorianembaware clinicalcharacteristicsandriskfactorsofrelativesystemichypertensionandhypertensionamongsicklecellpatientsincameroon AT andrepkengne clinicalcharacteristicsandriskfactorsofrelativesystemichypertensionandhypertensionamongsicklecellpatientsincameroon AT ambroisewonkam clinicalcharacteristicsandriskfactorsofrelativesystemichypertensionandhypertensionamongsicklecellpatientsincameroon AT ambroisewonkam clinicalcharacteristicsandriskfactorsofrelativesystemichypertensionandhypertensionamongsicklecellpatientsincameroon |