The Influence of Reaction Conditions on the Properties of Graphene Oxide
The present study focuses on correlations between three parameters: (1) graphite particle size, (2) the ratio of graphite to oxidizing agent (KMnO<sub>4</sub>), and (3) the ratio of graphite to acid (H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> and H<sub>3</sub>PO<s...
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/14/3/281 |
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| author | Miroslav Huskić Dejan Kepić Duška Kleut Miran Mozetič Alenka Vesel Alojz Anžlovar Danica Bajuk Bogdanović Svetlana Jovanović |
| author_facet | Miroslav Huskić Dejan Kepić Duška Kleut Miran Mozetič Alenka Vesel Alojz Anžlovar Danica Bajuk Bogdanović Svetlana Jovanović |
| author_sort | Miroslav Huskić |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The present study focuses on correlations between three parameters: (1) graphite particle size, (2) the ratio of graphite to oxidizing agent (KMnO<sub>4</sub>), and (3) the ratio of graphite to acid (H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> and H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>), with the reaction yield, structure, and properties of graphene oxide (GO). The correlations are a challenge, as these three parameters can hardly be separated from each other due to the variations in the viscosity of the system. The larger the graphite particles, the higher the viscosity of GO. Decreasing the ratio of graphite to KMnO<sub>4</sub> from 1:4 to 1:6 generally leads to a higher degree of oxidation and a higher reaction yield. However, the differences are very small. Increasing the graphite-to-acid-volume ratio from 1 g/60 mL to 1 g/80 mL, except for the smallest particles, reduced the degree of oxidation and slightly reduced the reaction yield. However, the reaction yield mainly depends on the extent of purification of GO by water, not on the reaction conditions. The large differences in the thermal decomposition of GO are mainly due to the bulk particle size and less to other parameters. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:51:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-067b9fb54611460da18fa14ec8c27d2e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:51:21Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-067b9fb54611460da18fa14ec8c27d2e2024-02-09T15:19:27ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912024-01-0114328110.3390/nano14030281The Influence of Reaction Conditions on the Properties of Graphene OxideMiroslav Huskić0Dejan Kepić1Duška Kleut2Miran Mozetič3Alenka Vesel4Alojz Anžlovar5Danica Bajuk Bogdanović6Svetlana Jovanović7Faculty of Polymer Technology, 2380 Slovenj Gradec, SloveniaVinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaVinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaJožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaJožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaNational Institute of Chemistry, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaFaculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, 11158 Belgrade, SerbiaVinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaThe present study focuses on correlations between three parameters: (1) graphite particle size, (2) the ratio of graphite to oxidizing agent (KMnO<sub>4</sub>), and (3) the ratio of graphite to acid (H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> and H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>), with the reaction yield, structure, and properties of graphene oxide (GO). The correlations are a challenge, as these three parameters can hardly be separated from each other due to the variations in the viscosity of the system. The larger the graphite particles, the higher the viscosity of GO. Decreasing the ratio of graphite to KMnO<sub>4</sub> from 1:4 to 1:6 generally leads to a higher degree of oxidation and a higher reaction yield. However, the differences are very small. Increasing the graphite-to-acid-volume ratio from 1 g/60 mL to 1 g/80 mL, except for the smallest particles, reduced the degree of oxidation and slightly reduced the reaction yield. However, the reaction yield mainly depends on the extent of purification of GO by water, not on the reaction conditions. The large differences in the thermal decomposition of GO are mainly due to the bulk particle size and less to other parameters.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/14/3/281graphene oxidesynthesisthermal characterizationRaman spectroscopyXPSDLS |
| spellingShingle | Miroslav Huskić Dejan Kepić Duška Kleut Miran Mozetič Alenka Vesel Alojz Anžlovar Danica Bajuk Bogdanović Svetlana Jovanović The Influence of Reaction Conditions on the Properties of Graphene Oxide Nanomaterials graphene oxide synthesis thermal characterization Raman spectroscopy XPS DLS |
| title | The Influence of Reaction Conditions on the Properties of Graphene Oxide |
| title_full | The Influence of Reaction Conditions on the Properties of Graphene Oxide |
| title_fullStr | The Influence of Reaction Conditions on the Properties of Graphene Oxide |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Influence of Reaction Conditions on the Properties of Graphene Oxide |
| title_short | The Influence of Reaction Conditions on the Properties of Graphene Oxide |
| title_sort | influence of reaction conditions on the properties of graphene oxide |
| topic | graphene oxide synthesis thermal characterization Raman spectroscopy XPS DLS |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/14/3/281 |
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