Hyalomma spp. ticks and associated Anaplasma spp. and Ehrlichia spp. on the Iran-Pakistan border
Abstract Background Anaplasmosis and ehrlichiosis are tick-borne diseases affecting humans and livestock, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. Animal husbandry is the main activity of people on the borders of Iran and Pakistan, with thousands of cattle crossing the border each week. Met...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Parasites & Vectors |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-021-04956-3 |
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| author | Nayyereh Choubdar Fateh Karimian Mona Koosha Jalil Nejati Mohammad Ali Oshaghi |
| author_facet | Nayyereh Choubdar Fateh Karimian Mona Koosha Jalil Nejati Mohammad Ali Oshaghi |
| author_sort | Nayyereh Choubdar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Anaplasmosis and ehrlichiosis are tick-borne diseases affecting humans and livestock, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. Animal husbandry is the main activity of people on the borders of Iran and Pakistan, with thousands of cattle crossing the border each week. Methods PCR and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene was used to determine the percentage and geographical distribution of the pathogens carried by Hyalomma spp. (n = 306) collected from 126 goats, cattle and camels in the region between November 2017 and late March 2018. Results In total, 1124 hard ticks including 1020 Hyalomma spp. ticks belonging to six species (Hyalomma anatolicum, Hyalomma asiaticum, Hyalomma marginatum, Hyalomma dromedarii, Hyalomma schulzei, and Hyalomma detritum) were found on the borders of Iran and Pakistan, with H. anatolicum being the most prevalent tick species. Anaplasma spp. and/or Ehrlichia spp. DNA was found in 68.3% of the engorged tick specimens (n = 256). Sequencing of a subset (12.6%) of PCR-positive samples revealed Anaplasma ovis, Anaplasma marginale, and Ehrlichia ewingii DNA in 81.8%, 9.1%, and 9.1% of the ticks, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first report of E. ewingii, an important human pathogen, in Iran. Conclusions Based on molecular analysis, three pathogenic Anaplasmataceae were detected in six Hyalomma spp. parasitizing cattle, goats and camels, confirming the presence of these pathogens along the Iran-Pakistan border. Graphical Abstract |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T22:14:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-068556e31d2f43d9b8f583eadddf77aa |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1756-3305 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T22:14:31Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Parasites & Vectors |
| spelling | doaj.art-068556e31d2f43d9b8f583eadddf77aa2022-12-21T20:03:48ZengBMCParasites & Vectors1756-33052021-09-011411810.1186/s13071-021-04956-3Hyalomma spp. ticks and associated Anaplasma spp. and Ehrlichia spp. on the Iran-Pakistan borderNayyereh Choubdar0Fateh Karimian1Mona Koosha2Jalil Nejati3Mohammad Ali Oshaghi4Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Public Health, School of Public Health, Zahedan University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical SciencesAbstract Background Anaplasmosis and ehrlichiosis are tick-borne diseases affecting humans and livestock, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. Animal husbandry is the main activity of people on the borders of Iran and Pakistan, with thousands of cattle crossing the border each week. Methods PCR and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene was used to determine the percentage and geographical distribution of the pathogens carried by Hyalomma spp. (n = 306) collected from 126 goats, cattle and camels in the region between November 2017 and late March 2018. Results In total, 1124 hard ticks including 1020 Hyalomma spp. ticks belonging to six species (Hyalomma anatolicum, Hyalomma asiaticum, Hyalomma marginatum, Hyalomma dromedarii, Hyalomma schulzei, and Hyalomma detritum) were found on the borders of Iran and Pakistan, with H. anatolicum being the most prevalent tick species. Anaplasma spp. and/or Ehrlichia spp. DNA was found in 68.3% of the engorged tick specimens (n = 256). Sequencing of a subset (12.6%) of PCR-positive samples revealed Anaplasma ovis, Anaplasma marginale, and Ehrlichia ewingii DNA in 81.8%, 9.1%, and 9.1% of the ticks, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first report of E. ewingii, an important human pathogen, in Iran. Conclusions Based on molecular analysis, three pathogenic Anaplasmataceae were detected in six Hyalomma spp. parasitizing cattle, goats and camels, confirming the presence of these pathogens along the Iran-Pakistan border. Graphical Abstracthttps://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-021-04956-3AnaplasmosisEhrlichiosisHard ticksIranPakistanTick-borne diseases |
| spellingShingle | Nayyereh Choubdar Fateh Karimian Mona Koosha Jalil Nejati Mohammad Ali Oshaghi Hyalomma spp. ticks and associated Anaplasma spp. and Ehrlichia spp. on the Iran-Pakistan border Parasites & Vectors Anaplasmosis Ehrlichiosis Hard ticks Iran Pakistan Tick-borne diseases |
| title | Hyalomma spp. ticks and associated Anaplasma spp. and Ehrlichia spp. on the Iran-Pakistan border |
| title_full | Hyalomma spp. ticks and associated Anaplasma spp. and Ehrlichia spp. on the Iran-Pakistan border |
| title_fullStr | Hyalomma spp. ticks and associated Anaplasma spp. and Ehrlichia spp. on the Iran-Pakistan border |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hyalomma spp. ticks and associated Anaplasma spp. and Ehrlichia spp. on the Iran-Pakistan border |
| title_short | Hyalomma spp. ticks and associated Anaplasma spp. and Ehrlichia spp. on the Iran-Pakistan border |
| title_sort | hyalomma spp ticks and associated anaplasma spp and ehrlichia spp on the iran pakistan border |
| topic | Anaplasmosis Ehrlichiosis Hard ticks Iran Pakistan Tick-borne diseases |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-021-04956-3 |
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