Future Trade-Off for Water Resource Allocation: The Role of Land Cover/Land Use Change
Global croplands, pastures, and human settlements have expanded in recent decades. This is accompanied by large increases in energy, water, and fertilizer consumption, along with considerable losses of biodiversity. In sub-Saharan Africa, policies are implemented without critical consideration; e.g....
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Water |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/16/3/493 |
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| author | Onesmo Zakaria Sigalla Sekela Twisa Nyemo Amos Chilagane Mohamed Fadhili Mwabumba Juma Rajabu Selemani Patrick Valimba |
| author_facet | Onesmo Zakaria Sigalla Sekela Twisa Nyemo Amos Chilagane Mohamed Fadhili Mwabumba Juma Rajabu Selemani Patrick Valimba |
| author_sort | Onesmo Zakaria Sigalla |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Global croplands, pastures, and human settlements have expanded in recent decades. This is accompanied by large increases in energy, water, and fertilizer consumption, along with considerable losses of biodiversity. In sub-Saharan Africa, policies are implemented without critical consideration; e.g., agricultural expansions impair ecosystem services. We studied land use/cover and the associated rate of change for four time epochs, i.e., 1991, 2001, 2011, and 2021. This employed remote sensing and GIS techniques for analysis, while future projections were modeled using cellular automata and the Markov chain. The kappa coefficient statistics were used to assess the accuracy of the final classified image, while reference images for accuracy assessment were developed based on ground truthing. Overall change between 1991 and 2021 showed that major percentage losses were experienced by water, forest, woodland, and wetland, which decreased by 8222 Ha (44.11%), 426,161 Ha (35.72%), 399,584 Ha (35.01%), and 105,186 Ha (34.82%), respectively. On the other hand, a percentage increase during the same period was experienced in cultivated land, built-up areas, and grasslands, which increased by 659,346 Ha (205.28%), 11,894 Ha (159.93%), and 33,547 Ha (98.47%), respectively. However, this expansion of thirsty sectors has not reversed the increasing amount of water discharged out of the Kilombero River catchment. We recommend the promotion of agroforests along with participatory law enforcement and capacity building of local communities’ institutions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:46:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0687d4283a434da2b12b302f099a8a8b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:46:30Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-0687d4283a434da2b12b302f099a8a8b2024-02-09T15:24:57ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412024-02-0116349310.3390/w16030493Future Trade-Off for Water Resource Allocation: The Role of Land Cover/Land Use ChangeOnesmo Zakaria Sigalla0Sekela Twisa1Nyemo Amos Chilagane2Mohamed Fadhili Mwabumba3Juma Rajabu Selemani4Patrick Valimba5Nelson Mandela-African Institution of Science and Technology, Nelson Mandela Road, Arusha P.O. Box 447, TanzaniaWater Resource Center of Excellence, Water Resource Department, Ministry of Water, Dodoma P.O. Box 456, TanzaniaTanzania Research and Conservation Organization, Morogoro P.O. Box 6873, TanzaniaTanzania Meteorological Authority, Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 3056, TanzaniaNelson Mandela-African Institution of Science and Technology, Nelson Mandela Road, Arusha P.O. Box 447, TanzaniaDepartment of Water Resources Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 35131, TanzaniaGlobal croplands, pastures, and human settlements have expanded in recent decades. This is accompanied by large increases in energy, water, and fertilizer consumption, along with considerable losses of biodiversity. In sub-Saharan Africa, policies are implemented without critical consideration; e.g., agricultural expansions impair ecosystem services. We studied land use/cover and the associated rate of change for four time epochs, i.e., 1991, 2001, 2011, and 2021. This employed remote sensing and GIS techniques for analysis, while future projections were modeled using cellular automata and the Markov chain. The kappa coefficient statistics were used to assess the accuracy of the final classified image, while reference images for accuracy assessment were developed based on ground truthing. Overall change between 1991 and 2021 showed that major percentage losses were experienced by water, forest, woodland, and wetland, which decreased by 8222 Ha (44.11%), 426,161 Ha (35.72%), 399,584 Ha (35.01%), and 105,186 Ha (34.82%), respectively. On the other hand, a percentage increase during the same period was experienced in cultivated land, built-up areas, and grasslands, which increased by 659,346 Ha (205.28%), 11,894 Ha (159.93%), and 33,547 Ha (98.47%), respectively. However, this expansion of thirsty sectors has not reversed the increasing amount of water discharged out of the Kilombero River catchment. We recommend the promotion of agroforests along with participatory law enforcement and capacity building of local communities’ institutions.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/16/3/493land use/land coverremote sensing and GISwater allocationwater resource management |
| spellingShingle | Onesmo Zakaria Sigalla Sekela Twisa Nyemo Amos Chilagane Mohamed Fadhili Mwabumba Juma Rajabu Selemani Patrick Valimba Future Trade-Off for Water Resource Allocation: The Role of Land Cover/Land Use Change Water land use/land cover remote sensing and GIS water allocation water resource management |
| title | Future Trade-Off for Water Resource Allocation: The Role of Land Cover/Land Use Change |
| title_full | Future Trade-Off for Water Resource Allocation: The Role of Land Cover/Land Use Change |
| title_fullStr | Future Trade-Off for Water Resource Allocation: The Role of Land Cover/Land Use Change |
| title_full_unstemmed | Future Trade-Off for Water Resource Allocation: The Role of Land Cover/Land Use Change |
| title_short | Future Trade-Off for Water Resource Allocation: The Role of Land Cover/Land Use Change |
| title_sort | future trade off for water resource allocation the role of land cover land use change |
| topic | land use/land cover remote sensing and GIS water allocation water resource management |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/16/3/493 |
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