From Genetic Alterations to Tumor Microenvironment: The Ariadne’s String in Pancreatic Cancer
The threatening notoriety of pancreatic cancer mainly arises from its negligible early diagnosis, highly aggressive progression, failure of conventional therapeutic options and consequent very poor prognosis. The most important driver genes of pancreatic cancer are the oncogene <i>KRAS</i&g...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-01-01
|
| Series: | Cells |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/2/309 |
| _version_ | 1797713865663840256 |
|---|---|
| author | Chiara Bazzichetto Fabiana Conciatori Claudio Luchini Francesca Simionato Raffaela Santoro Vanja Vaccaro Vincenzo Corbo Italia Falcone Gianluigi Ferretti Francesco Cognetti Davide Melisi Aldo Scarpa Ludovica Ciuffreda Michele Milella |
| author_facet | Chiara Bazzichetto Fabiana Conciatori Claudio Luchini Francesca Simionato Raffaela Santoro Vanja Vaccaro Vincenzo Corbo Italia Falcone Gianluigi Ferretti Francesco Cognetti Davide Melisi Aldo Scarpa Ludovica Ciuffreda Michele Milella |
| author_sort | Chiara Bazzichetto |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The threatening notoriety of pancreatic cancer mainly arises from its negligible early diagnosis, highly aggressive progression, failure of conventional therapeutic options and consequent very poor prognosis. The most important driver genes of pancreatic cancer are the oncogene <i>KRAS</i> and the tumor suppressors <i>TP53</i>, <i>CDKN2A,</i> and <i>SMAD4</i>. Although the presence of few drivers, several signaling pathways are involved in the oncogenesis of this cancer type, some of them with promising targets for precision oncology. Pancreatic cancer is recognized as one of immunosuppressive phenotype cancer: it is characterized by a fibrotic-desmoplastic stroma, in which there is an intensive cross-talk between several cellular (e.g., fibroblasts, myeloid cells, lymphocytes, endothelial, and myeloid cells) and acellular (collagen, fibronectin, and soluble factors) components. In this review; we aim to describe the current knowledge of the genetic/biological landscape of pancreatic cancer and the composition of its tumor microenvironment; in order to better direct in the intrinsic labyrinth of this complex tumor type. Indeed; disentangling the genetic and molecular characteristics of cancer cells and the environment in which they evolve may represent the crucial step towards more effective therapeutic strategies |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T07:43:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-06891359fa144ed89c24fb7e14fc01d5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T07:43:11Z |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-06891359fa144ed89c24fb7e14fc01d52023-09-02T21:06:08ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092020-01-019230910.3390/cells9020309cells9020309From Genetic Alterations to Tumor Microenvironment: The Ariadne’s String in Pancreatic CancerChiara Bazzichetto0Fabiana Conciatori1Claudio Luchini2Francesca Simionato3Raffaela Santoro4Vanja Vaccaro5Vincenzo Corbo6Italia Falcone7Gianluigi Ferretti8Francesco Cognetti9Davide Melisi10Aldo Scarpa11Ludovica Ciuffreda12Michele Milella13Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, ItalyMedical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, 37134 Verona, ItalyDivision of Oncology, University of Verona, 37126 Verona, ItalyMedicine-Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, University of Verona, 37126 Verona, ItalyMedical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, ItalyARC-Net Research Centre, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, 37126 Verona, ItalyMedical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, ItalyMedical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, ItalyMedical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, ItalyMedicine-Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, University of Verona, 37126 Verona, ItalyARC-Net Research Centre, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, 37126 Verona, ItalySAFU, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, ItalyDivision of Oncology, University of Verona, 37126 Verona, ItalyThe threatening notoriety of pancreatic cancer mainly arises from its negligible early diagnosis, highly aggressive progression, failure of conventional therapeutic options and consequent very poor prognosis. The most important driver genes of pancreatic cancer are the oncogene <i>KRAS</i> and the tumor suppressors <i>TP53</i>, <i>CDKN2A,</i> and <i>SMAD4</i>. Although the presence of few drivers, several signaling pathways are involved in the oncogenesis of this cancer type, some of them with promising targets for precision oncology. Pancreatic cancer is recognized as one of immunosuppressive phenotype cancer: it is characterized by a fibrotic-desmoplastic stroma, in which there is an intensive cross-talk between several cellular (e.g., fibroblasts, myeloid cells, lymphocytes, endothelial, and myeloid cells) and acellular (collagen, fibronectin, and soluble factors) components. In this review; we aim to describe the current knowledge of the genetic/biological landscape of pancreatic cancer and the composition of its tumor microenvironment; in order to better direct in the intrinsic labyrinth of this complex tumor type. Indeed; disentangling the genetic and molecular characteristics of cancer cells and the environment in which they evolve may represent the crucial step towards more effective therapeutic strategieshttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/2/309pancreatic canceroncogenetumor suppressorsignaling pathwaytumor microenvironmenttargeted therapy |
| spellingShingle | Chiara Bazzichetto Fabiana Conciatori Claudio Luchini Francesca Simionato Raffaela Santoro Vanja Vaccaro Vincenzo Corbo Italia Falcone Gianluigi Ferretti Francesco Cognetti Davide Melisi Aldo Scarpa Ludovica Ciuffreda Michele Milella From Genetic Alterations to Tumor Microenvironment: The Ariadne’s String in Pancreatic Cancer Cells pancreatic cancer oncogene tumor suppressor signaling pathway tumor microenvironment targeted therapy |
| title | From Genetic Alterations to Tumor Microenvironment: The Ariadne’s String in Pancreatic Cancer |
| title_full | From Genetic Alterations to Tumor Microenvironment: The Ariadne’s String in Pancreatic Cancer |
| title_fullStr | From Genetic Alterations to Tumor Microenvironment: The Ariadne’s String in Pancreatic Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | From Genetic Alterations to Tumor Microenvironment: The Ariadne’s String in Pancreatic Cancer |
| title_short | From Genetic Alterations to Tumor Microenvironment: The Ariadne’s String in Pancreatic Cancer |
| title_sort | from genetic alterations to tumor microenvironment the ariadne s string in pancreatic cancer |
| topic | pancreatic cancer oncogene tumor suppressor signaling pathway tumor microenvironment targeted therapy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/2/309 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT chiarabazzichetto fromgeneticalterationstotumormicroenvironmenttheariadnesstringinpancreaticcancer AT fabianaconciatori fromgeneticalterationstotumormicroenvironmenttheariadnesstringinpancreaticcancer AT claudioluchini fromgeneticalterationstotumormicroenvironmenttheariadnesstringinpancreaticcancer AT francescasimionato fromgeneticalterationstotumormicroenvironmenttheariadnesstringinpancreaticcancer AT raffaelasantoro fromgeneticalterationstotumormicroenvironmenttheariadnesstringinpancreaticcancer AT vanjavaccaro fromgeneticalterationstotumormicroenvironmenttheariadnesstringinpancreaticcancer AT vincenzocorbo fromgeneticalterationstotumormicroenvironmenttheariadnesstringinpancreaticcancer AT italiafalcone fromgeneticalterationstotumormicroenvironmenttheariadnesstringinpancreaticcancer AT gianluigiferretti fromgeneticalterationstotumormicroenvironmenttheariadnesstringinpancreaticcancer AT francescocognetti fromgeneticalterationstotumormicroenvironmenttheariadnesstringinpancreaticcancer AT davidemelisi fromgeneticalterationstotumormicroenvironmenttheariadnesstringinpancreaticcancer AT aldoscarpa fromgeneticalterationstotumormicroenvironmenttheariadnesstringinpancreaticcancer AT ludovicaciuffreda fromgeneticalterationstotumormicroenvironmenttheariadnesstringinpancreaticcancer AT michelemilella fromgeneticalterationstotumormicroenvironmenttheariadnesstringinpancreaticcancer |