Improvement of Straw Changed Soil Microbial Flora Composition and Suppressed Chinese Cabbage (<i>Brassica rapa</i> L. ssp. <i>pekinensis</i>) Clubroot Disease
Straw incorporation is known as an environmentally friendly agricultural practice that can effectively enhance soil nutrient contents and crop yields; its potential to suppress soil-borne disease has also been reported in recent years. Here, we perform a field experiment for two consecutive years (2...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-06-01
|
| Series: | Agronomy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/7/1688 |
| _version_ | 1797590626251833344 |
|---|---|
| author | Chengqian Di Zhe Han Chang Chai Jian Sun Fengzhi Wu Kai Pan |
| author_facet | Chengqian Di Zhe Han Chang Chai Jian Sun Fengzhi Wu Kai Pan |
| author_sort | Chengqian Di |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Straw incorporation is known as an environmentally friendly agricultural practice that can effectively enhance soil nutrient contents and crop yields; its potential to suppress soil-borne disease has also been reported in recent years. Here, we perform a field experiment for two consecutive years (2017–2018) to evaluate the effectiveness of maize (<i>Zea mays</i>), rice (<i>Oryzae sativa</i> L.) and wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) straws incorporation in alleviating Chinese cabbage (<i>Brassica rapa</i> L. ssp. <i>pekinensis</i>) clubroot disease caused by <i>Plasmodiophora brassicae</i> Woronin. Microbial composition in Chinese cabbage rhizosphere and soil <i>P. brassicae</i> abundance were estimated by high-throughput amplicon sequencing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results showed that, during the two-year field experimental cycle, all three straw amendments promoted Chinese cabbage plant growth, inhibited clubroot disease and increased the alpha diversity of the bacterial community in Chinese cabbage rhizosphere. Rice and wheat straws also increased the alpha diversity of the fungal community. These straws diversified the composition of the Chinese cabbage rhizosphere microbial community. All three straws promoted <i>Cryptococcus carnescens</i>; both rice and wheat straws stimulated <i>Lysobacter</i> sp.; maize straw boosted <i>Sphingomonas</i> sp. and wheat straw increased <i>Talaromyces</i> sp. These microbial taxa are either considered to have positive influences on plant growth or potential biocontrol effects. In addition, straw amendments also increased soil pH, electrical conductivity, available nitrogen and available potassium contents in both years of the field experiment. Taken together, we concluded that these three gramineous straw amendments ameliorated Chinese cabbage rhizosphere microorganisms, inhibited clubroot disease and promoted the growth of Chinese cabbage, and that rice straw worked best amongst the three. This study could potentially provide a new tactic of massive grain crop straw utilization and a direction in dealing with clubroot disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:23:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-06b33de580c24a8a94ea1dccb1ad3a67 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:23:10Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-06b33de580c24a8a94ea1dccb1ad3a672023-11-18T17:54:41ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952023-06-01137168810.3390/agronomy13071688Improvement of Straw Changed Soil Microbial Flora Composition and Suppressed Chinese Cabbage (<i>Brassica rapa</i> L. ssp. <i>pekinensis</i>) Clubroot DiseaseChengqian Di0Zhe Han1Chang Chai2Jian Sun3Fengzhi Wu4Kai Pan5Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Changjiang 600, Harbin 150030, ChinaInstitute of Agricultural Remote Sensing and Information, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, ChinaInstitute of Scientific and Technical Information of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150028, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Changjiang 600, Harbin 150030, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Changjiang 600, Harbin 150030, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Changjiang 600, Harbin 150030, ChinaStraw incorporation is known as an environmentally friendly agricultural practice that can effectively enhance soil nutrient contents and crop yields; its potential to suppress soil-borne disease has also been reported in recent years. Here, we perform a field experiment for two consecutive years (2017–2018) to evaluate the effectiveness of maize (<i>Zea mays</i>), rice (<i>Oryzae sativa</i> L.) and wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) straws incorporation in alleviating Chinese cabbage (<i>Brassica rapa</i> L. ssp. <i>pekinensis</i>) clubroot disease caused by <i>Plasmodiophora brassicae</i> Woronin. Microbial composition in Chinese cabbage rhizosphere and soil <i>P. brassicae</i> abundance were estimated by high-throughput amplicon sequencing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results showed that, during the two-year field experimental cycle, all three straw amendments promoted Chinese cabbage plant growth, inhibited clubroot disease and increased the alpha diversity of the bacterial community in Chinese cabbage rhizosphere. Rice and wheat straws also increased the alpha diversity of the fungal community. These straws diversified the composition of the Chinese cabbage rhizosphere microbial community. All three straws promoted <i>Cryptococcus carnescens</i>; both rice and wheat straws stimulated <i>Lysobacter</i> sp.; maize straw boosted <i>Sphingomonas</i> sp. and wheat straw increased <i>Talaromyces</i> sp. These microbial taxa are either considered to have positive influences on plant growth or potential biocontrol effects. In addition, straw amendments also increased soil pH, electrical conductivity, available nitrogen and available potassium contents in both years of the field experiment. Taken together, we concluded that these three gramineous straw amendments ameliorated Chinese cabbage rhizosphere microorganisms, inhibited clubroot disease and promoted the growth of Chinese cabbage, and that rice straw worked best amongst the three. This study could potentially provide a new tactic of massive grain crop straw utilization and a direction in dealing with clubroot disease.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/7/1688straw incorporationsoil amendmentsChinese cabbageclubroot diseasesoil microbial communitiessoil chemical properties |
| spellingShingle | Chengqian Di Zhe Han Chang Chai Jian Sun Fengzhi Wu Kai Pan Improvement of Straw Changed Soil Microbial Flora Composition and Suppressed Chinese Cabbage (<i>Brassica rapa</i> L. ssp. <i>pekinensis</i>) Clubroot Disease Agronomy straw incorporation soil amendments Chinese cabbage clubroot disease soil microbial communities soil chemical properties |
| title | Improvement of Straw Changed Soil Microbial Flora Composition and Suppressed Chinese Cabbage (<i>Brassica rapa</i> L. ssp. <i>pekinensis</i>) Clubroot Disease |
| title_full | Improvement of Straw Changed Soil Microbial Flora Composition and Suppressed Chinese Cabbage (<i>Brassica rapa</i> L. ssp. <i>pekinensis</i>) Clubroot Disease |
| title_fullStr | Improvement of Straw Changed Soil Microbial Flora Composition and Suppressed Chinese Cabbage (<i>Brassica rapa</i> L. ssp. <i>pekinensis</i>) Clubroot Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Improvement of Straw Changed Soil Microbial Flora Composition and Suppressed Chinese Cabbage (<i>Brassica rapa</i> L. ssp. <i>pekinensis</i>) Clubroot Disease |
| title_short | Improvement of Straw Changed Soil Microbial Flora Composition and Suppressed Chinese Cabbage (<i>Brassica rapa</i> L. ssp. <i>pekinensis</i>) Clubroot Disease |
| title_sort | improvement of straw changed soil microbial flora composition and suppressed chinese cabbage i brassica rapa i l ssp i pekinensis i clubroot disease |
| topic | straw incorporation soil amendments Chinese cabbage clubroot disease soil microbial communities soil chemical properties |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/7/1688 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT chengqiandi improvementofstrawchangedsoilmicrobialfloracompositionandsuppressedchinesecabbageibrassicarapailsspipekinensisiclubrootdisease AT zhehan improvementofstrawchangedsoilmicrobialfloracompositionandsuppressedchinesecabbageibrassicarapailsspipekinensisiclubrootdisease AT changchai improvementofstrawchangedsoilmicrobialfloracompositionandsuppressedchinesecabbageibrassicarapailsspipekinensisiclubrootdisease AT jiansun improvementofstrawchangedsoilmicrobialfloracompositionandsuppressedchinesecabbageibrassicarapailsspipekinensisiclubrootdisease AT fengzhiwu improvementofstrawchangedsoilmicrobialfloracompositionandsuppressedchinesecabbageibrassicarapailsspipekinensisiclubrootdisease AT kaipan improvementofstrawchangedsoilmicrobialfloracompositionandsuppressedchinesecabbageibrassicarapailsspipekinensisiclubrootdisease |