Characterisation of Moisture in Scots Pine (<i>Pinus sylvestris</i> L.) Sapwood Modified with Maleic Anhydride and Sodium Hypophosphite
In this study, the wood–water interactions in Scots pine sapwood modified with maleic anhydride (MA) and sodium hypophosphite (SHP) was studied in the water-saturated state. The water in wood was studied with low field nuclear magnetic resonance (LFNMR) and the hydrophilicity of cell walls was studi...
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MDPI AG
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Forests |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/12/10/1333 |
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| author | Injeong Kim Emil Engelund Thybring Olov Karlsson Dennis Jones George I. Mantanis Dick Sandberg |
| author_facet | Injeong Kim Emil Engelund Thybring Olov Karlsson Dennis Jones George I. Mantanis Dick Sandberg |
| author_sort | Injeong Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, the wood–water interactions in Scots pine sapwood modified with maleic anhydride (MA) and sodium hypophosphite (SHP) was studied in the water-saturated state. The water in wood was studied with low field nuclear magnetic resonance (LFNMR) and the hydrophilicity of cell walls was studied by infrared spectroscopy after deuteration using liquid D<sub>2</sub>O. The results of LFNMR showed that the spin–spin relaxation (T<sub>2</sub>) time of cell wall water decreased by modification, while T<sub>2</sub> of capillary water increased. Furthermore, the moisture content and the amount of water in cell walls of modified wood were lower than for unmodified samples at the water-saturated state. Although the amount of accessible hydroxyl groups in modified wood did not show any significant difference compared with unmodified wood, the increase in T<sub>2</sub> of capillary water indicates a decreased affinity of the wood cell wall to water. However, for the cell wall water, the physical confinement within the cell walls seemed to overrule the weaker wood–water interactions. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4907 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:33:19Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
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| series | Forests |
| spelling | doaj.art-06e64c76a1e54bcc8164dab07bc331f12023-11-22T18:18:00ZengMDPI AGForests1999-49072021-09-011210133310.3390/f12101333Characterisation of Moisture in Scots Pine (<i>Pinus sylvestris</i> L.) Sapwood Modified with Maleic Anhydride and Sodium HypophosphiteInjeong Kim0Emil Engelund Thybring1Olov Karlsson2Dennis Jones3George I. Mantanis4Dick Sandberg5Wood Science and Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Forskargatan 1, 93177 Skellefteå, SwedenDepartment of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 23, 1958 Frederiksberg C, DenmarkWood Science and Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Forskargatan 1, 93177 Skellefteå, SwedenWood Science and Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Forskargatan 1, 93177 Skellefteå, SwedenLaboratory of Wood Science and Technology, Department of Forestry, Wood Sciences and Design, University of Thessaly, Griva 11, 43100 Karditsa, GreeceWood Science and Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Forskargatan 1, 93177 Skellefteå, SwedenIn this study, the wood–water interactions in Scots pine sapwood modified with maleic anhydride (MA) and sodium hypophosphite (SHP) was studied in the water-saturated state. The water in wood was studied with low field nuclear magnetic resonance (LFNMR) and the hydrophilicity of cell walls was studied by infrared spectroscopy after deuteration using liquid D<sub>2</sub>O. The results of LFNMR showed that the spin–spin relaxation (T<sub>2</sub>) time of cell wall water decreased by modification, while T<sub>2</sub> of capillary water increased. Furthermore, the moisture content and the amount of water in cell walls of modified wood were lower than for unmodified samples at the water-saturated state. Although the amount of accessible hydroxyl groups in modified wood did not show any significant difference compared with unmodified wood, the increase in T<sub>2</sub> of capillary water indicates a decreased affinity of the wood cell wall to water. However, for the cell wall water, the physical confinement within the cell walls seemed to overrule the weaker wood–water interactions.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/12/10/1333wood modificationmaleic anhydridesodium hypophosphitemoisturedeuterium exchange |
| spellingShingle | Injeong Kim Emil Engelund Thybring Olov Karlsson Dennis Jones George I. Mantanis Dick Sandberg Characterisation of Moisture in Scots Pine (<i>Pinus sylvestris</i> L.) Sapwood Modified with Maleic Anhydride and Sodium Hypophosphite Forests wood modification maleic anhydride sodium hypophosphite moisture deuterium exchange |
| title | Characterisation of Moisture in Scots Pine (<i>Pinus sylvestris</i> L.) Sapwood Modified with Maleic Anhydride and Sodium Hypophosphite |
| title_full | Characterisation of Moisture in Scots Pine (<i>Pinus sylvestris</i> L.) Sapwood Modified with Maleic Anhydride and Sodium Hypophosphite |
| title_fullStr | Characterisation of Moisture in Scots Pine (<i>Pinus sylvestris</i> L.) Sapwood Modified with Maleic Anhydride and Sodium Hypophosphite |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characterisation of Moisture in Scots Pine (<i>Pinus sylvestris</i> L.) Sapwood Modified with Maleic Anhydride and Sodium Hypophosphite |
| title_short | Characterisation of Moisture in Scots Pine (<i>Pinus sylvestris</i> L.) Sapwood Modified with Maleic Anhydride and Sodium Hypophosphite |
| title_sort | characterisation of moisture in scots pine i pinus sylvestris i l sapwood modified with maleic anhydride and sodium hypophosphite |
| topic | wood modification maleic anhydride sodium hypophosphite moisture deuterium exchange |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/12/10/1333 |
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