Effects of ferulic acid esterase-producing Lactobacillus fermentum and cellulase additives on the fermentation quality and microbial community of alfalfa silage
Background Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) is an important forage material widely used for animal feed production. Ensiling is an effective method for preserving alfalfa, but it has shown some limitations in the production of high-quality alfalfa silage due to its low water soluble carbohydrates (WSC) con...
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PeerJ Inc.
2019-10-01
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| author | Rina Su Kuikui Ni Tianwei Wang Xiaopan Yang Jie Zhang Yayong Liu Weixiong Shi Liu Yan Chen Jie Jin Zhong |
| author_facet | Rina Su Kuikui Ni Tianwei Wang Xiaopan Yang Jie Zhang Yayong Liu Weixiong Shi Liu Yan Chen Jie Jin Zhong |
| author_sort | Rina Su |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) is an important forage material widely used for animal feed production. Ensiling is an effective method for preserving alfalfa, but it has shown some limitations in the production of high-quality alfalfa silage due to its low water soluble carbohydrates (WSC) content and high buffering capacity. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and cellulase are often used as silage additives to promote the ensiling process and enhance fermentation quality. Methods Experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of ferulic acid esterase (FAE)-producing Lactobacillus fermentum 17SD-2 (LF) and cellulase (CE) on the fermentation quality and microbial community of alfalfa silage. After 60 days of ensiling, analysis of fermentation quality and bacterial diversity in alfalfa silages were conducted using high-performance liquid chromatography and high-throughput sequencing methods. Results Alfalfa was ensiled with additives (LF, CE, and LF+CE) or without additives for 60 days. All additives increased lactic acid and decreased pH values and ammonia-N contents compared to control. Among all treatments, the combined addition of LF and CE showed lowest pH (4.66) and ammonia-N (NH3-N, 0.57% DM) content, highest contents of lactic acid (LA, 10.51% DM), dry matter (DM, 22.54%) and crude protein (CP, 24.60% DM). Combined addition of LF and CE performed better in reducing neutral detergent fiber (NDF, 29.76% DM) and acid detergent fiber (ADF, 22.86% DM) contents than the addition of LF (33.71, 27.39% DM) or CE (32.07, 25.45% DM) alone. Moreover, the microbial analysis indicated that LF+CE treatments increased the abundance of desirable Lactobacillus and inhibited the growth of detrimental Enterobacter and Clostridia in alfalfa silage. Discussion Combined addition of FAE-producing LF and CE is more effective than treatments of LF or CE alone in improving fermentation quality and nutrition values of alfalfa silage. This is likely due to a synergistic effect of CE and FAE produced by LF on plant cell wall degradation, indicating that these additives promote each other to improve fiber degradation and silage fermentation. In conclusion, combined addition of FAE-producing LF and CE could be a feasible way to improve alfalfa silage quality. |
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| language | English |
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| spelling | doaj.art-06e89ae40fd44836ba39de5e9f4a90a52023-12-03T09:30:15ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592019-10-017e771210.7717/peerj.7712Effects of ferulic acid esterase-producing Lactobacillus fermentum and cellulase additives on the fermentation quality and microbial community of alfalfa silageRina Su0Kuikui Ni1Tianwei Wang2Xiaopan Yang3Jie Zhang4Yayong Liu5Weixiong Shi6Liu Yan7Chen Jie8Jin Zhong9School of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaCollege of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaSchool of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaSchool of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaSchool of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaSchool of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaHebei Zhongyu Zhongke Biotechnology Development Company, Hebei, ChinaHebei Zhongyu Zhongke Biotechnology Development Company, Hebei, ChinaSchool of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaBackground Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) is an important forage material widely used for animal feed production. Ensiling is an effective method for preserving alfalfa, but it has shown some limitations in the production of high-quality alfalfa silage due to its low water soluble carbohydrates (WSC) content and high buffering capacity. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and cellulase are often used as silage additives to promote the ensiling process and enhance fermentation quality. Methods Experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of ferulic acid esterase (FAE)-producing Lactobacillus fermentum 17SD-2 (LF) and cellulase (CE) on the fermentation quality and microbial community of alfalfa silage. After 60 days of ensiling, analysis of fermentation quality and bacterial diversity in alfalfa silages were conducted using high-performance liquid chromatography and high-throughput sequencing methods. Results Alfalfa was ensiled with additives (LF, CE, and LF+CE) or without additives for 60 days. All additives increased lactic acid and decreased pH values and ammonia-N contents compared to control. Among all treatments, the combined addition of LF and CE showed lowest pH (4.66) and ammonia-N (NH3-N, 0.57% DM) content, highest contents of lactic acid (LA, 10.51% DM), dry matter (DM, 22.54%) and crude protein (CP, 24.60% DM). Combined addition of LF and CE performed better in reducing neutral detergent fiber (NDF, 29.76% DM) and acid detergent fiber (ADF, 22.86% DM) contents than the addition of LF (33.71, 27.39% DM) or CE (32.07, 25.45% DM) alone. Moreover, the microbial analysis indicated that LF+CE treatments increased the abundance of desirable Lactobacillus and inhibited the growth of detrimental Enterobacter and Clostridia in alfalfa silage. Discussion Combined addition of FAE-producing LF and CE is more effective than treatments of LF or CE alone in improving fermentation quality and nutrition values of alfalfa silage. This is likely due to a synergistic effect of CE and FAE produced by LF on plant cell wall degradation, indicating that these additives promote each other to improve fiber degradation and silage fermentation. In conclusion, combined addition of FAE-producing LF and CE could be a feasible way to improve alfalfa silage quality.https://peerj.com/articles/7712.pdfLactobacillus fermentumFerulic acid esteraseCellulaseAlfalfaSilage |
| spellingShingle | Rina Su Kuikui Ni Tianwei Wang Xiaopan Yang Jie Zhang Yayong Liu Weixiong Shi Liu Yan Chen Jie Jin Zhong Effects of ferulic acid esterase-producing Lactobacillus fermentum and cellulase additives on the fermentation quality and microbial community of alfalfa silage PeerJ Lactobacillus fermentum Ferulic acid esterase Cellulase Alfalfa Silage |
| title | Effects of ferulic acid esterase-producing Lactobacillus fermentum and cellulase additives on the fermentation quality and microbial community of alfalfa silage |
| title_full | Effects of ferulic acid esterase-producing Lactobacillus fermentum and cellulase additives on the fermentation quality and microbial community of alfalfa silage |
| title_fullStr | Effects of ferulic acid esterase-producing Lactobacillus fermentum and cellulase additives on the fermentation quality and microbial community of alfalfa silage |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of ferulic acid esterase-producing Lactobacillus fermentum and cellulase additives on the fermentation quality and microbial community of alfalfa silage |
| title_short | Effects of ferulic acid esterase-producing Lactobacillus fermentum and cellulase additives on the fermentation quality and microbial community of alfalfa silage |
| title_sort | effects of ferulic acid esterase producing lactobacillus fermentum and cellulase additives on the fermentation quality and microbial community of alfalfa silage |
| topic | Lactobacillus fermentum Ferulic acid esterase Cellulase Alfalfa Silage |
| url | https://peerj.com/articles/7712.pdf |
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