Determinant Factors of Mortality in Pre-elderly and Elderly Patients With COVID-19 in Jakarta, Indonesia
Objectives This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mortality in pre-elderly and elderly individuals in Jakarta, Indonesia. Methods We employed a case-control study design, utilizing secondary data from the Epidemiology Surveillance, Immunization...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Korean Society for Preventive Medicine
2023-05-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://jpmph.org/upload/pdf/jpmph-23-008.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797809063282606080 |
|---|---|
| author | Thresya Febrianti Ngabila Salama Inggariwati Dwi Oktavia |
| author_facet | Thresya Febrianti Ngabila Salama Inggariwati Dwi Oktavia |
| author_sort | Thresya Febrianti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objectives This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mortality in pre-elderly and elderly individuals in Jakarta, Indonesia. Methods We employed a case-control study design, utilizing secondary data from the Epidemiology Surveillance, Immunization Prevention, and Disease Control Sections of the DKI Jakarta Provincial Health Office, collected from December 2020 to January 2021. The study included 188 cases and an equal number of controls. Cases were COVID-19 patients confirmed to have died, as reported by hospitals and communities and subsequently verified by healthcare workers. Control subjects were patients who completed a 14-day isolation period and had been officially declared recovered by healthcare professionals. The dependent variable was the mortality of COVID-19 patients in the January 2021 period. The independent variables consisted of demographic data (age and sex), clinical symptoms (cough, runny nose, anosmia, diarrhea, headaches, abdominal pain, muscle pain, and nausea/vomiting), and comorbidities (hypertension, heart disease, and diabetes). Multivariate analysis was conducted using multiple logistic regression. Results The multiple logistic regression analysis revealed several factors associated with COVID-19 fatalities in Jakarta: age of 60 years or older (odds ratio [OR], 4.84; 95% CI, 3.00 to 7.80), male (OR, 2.38; 95% CI, 2.41 to 3.68), dyspnea (OR, 3.93; 95% CI, 2.04 to 7.55), anosmia (OR, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.04 to 0.46), and heart disease (OR, 4.38; 95% CI, 1.04 to 18.46). Conclusions The control and prevention of COVID-19 among elderly individuals require particular vigilance. When a COVID-19 case is detected within this demographic, prompt treatment and medication administration are crucial to mitigate the presenting symptoms. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T06:46:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-06efe55230824095b01e45dc2378bfed |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1975-8375 2233-4521 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T06:46:58Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | Korean Society for Preventive Medicine |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-06efe55230824095b01e45dc2378bfed2023-06-08T05:07:47ZengKorean Society for Preventive MedicineJournal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health1975-83752233-45212023-05-0156323123710.3961/jpmph.23.0082293Determinant Factors of Mortality in Pre-elderly and Elderly Patients With COVID-19 in Jakarta, IndonesiaThresya Febrianti0Ngabila Salama1Inggariwati2Dwi Oktavia3 Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta, South Tangerang, Indonesia Provincial Health Office of Special Capital Region of Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia Provincial Health Office of Special Capital Region of Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia Provincial Health Office of Special Capital Region of Jakarta, Jakarta, IndonesiaObjectives This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mortality in pre-elderly and elderly individuals in Jakarta, Indonesia. Methods We employed a case-control study design, utilizing secondary data from the Epidemiology Surveillance, Immunization Prevention, and Disease Control Sections of the DKI Jakarta Provincial Health Office, collected from December 2020 to January 2021. The study included 188 cases and an equal number of controls. Cases were COVID-19 patients confirmed to have died, as reported by hospitals and communities and subsequently verified by healthcare workers. Control subjects were patients who completed a 14-day isolation period and had been officially declared recovered by healthcare professionals. The dependent variable was the mortality of COVID-19 patients in the January 2021 period. The independent variables consisted of demographic data (age and sex), clinical symptoms (cough, runny nose, anosmia, diarrhea, headaches, abdominal pain, muscle pain, and nausea/vomiting), and comorbidities (hypertension, heart disease, and diabetes). Multivariate analysis was conducted using multiple logistic regression. Results The multiple logistic regression analysis revealed several factors associated with COVID-19 fatalities in Jakarta: age of 60 years or older (odds ratio [OR], 4.84; 95% CI, 3.00 to 7.80), male (OR, 2.38; 95% CI, 2.41 to 3.68), dyspnea (OR, 3.93; 95% CI, 2.04 to 7.55), anosmia (OR, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.04 to 0.46), and heart disease (OR, 4.38; 95% CI, 1.04 to 18.46). Conclusions The control and prevention of COVID-19 among elderly individuals require particular vigilance. When a COVID-19 case is detected within this demographic, prompt treatment and medication administration are crucial to mitigate the presenting symptoms.http://jpmph.org/upload/pdf/jpmph-23-008.pdfmortalitycovid-19elderlyagedmale |
| spellingShingle | Thresya Febrianti Ngabila Salama Inggariwati Dwi Oktavia Determinant Factors of Mortality in Pre-elderly and Elderly Patients With COVID-19 in Jakarta, Indonesia Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health mortality covid-19 elderly aged male |
| title | Determinant Factors of Mortality in Pre-elderly and Elderly Patients With COVID-19 in Jakarta, Indonesia |
| title_full | Determinant Factors of Mortality in Pre-elderly and Elderly Patients With COVID-19 in Jakarta, Indonesia |
| title_fullStr | Determinant Factors of Mortality in Pre-elderly and Elderly Patients With COVID-19 in Jakarta, Indonesia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Determinant Factors of Mortality in Pre-elderly and Elderly Patients With COVID-19 in Jakarta, Indonesia |
| title_short | Determinant Factors of Mortality in Pre-elderly and Elderly Patients With COVID-19 in Jakarta, Indonesia |
| title_sort | determinant factors of mortality in pre elderly and elderly patients with covid 19 in jakarta indonesia |
| topic | mortality covid-19 elderly aged male |
| url | http://jpmph.org/upload/pdf/jpmph-23-008.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT thresyafebrianti determinantfactorsofmortalityinpreelderlyandelderlypatientswithcovid19injakartaindonesia AT ngabilasalama determinantfactorsofmortalityinpreelderlyandelderlypatientswithcovid19injakartaindonesia AT inggariwati determinantfactorsofmortalityinpreelderlyandelderlypatientswithcovid19injakartaindonesia AT dwioktavia determinantfactorsofmortalityinpreelderlyandelderlypatientswithcovid19injakartaindonesia |