Plasma GFAP, NfL and pTau 181 detect preclinical stages of dementia
BackgroundPlasma biomarkers are preferable to invasive and expensive diagnostic tools, such as neuroimaging and lumbar puncture that are gold standard in the clinical management of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Here, we investigated plasma Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP), Neurofilament Light Chai...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2024.1375302/full |
| _version_ | 1797217010800656384 |
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| author | Assunta Ingannato Silvia Bagnoli Salvatore Mazzeo Salvatore Mazzeo Salvatore Mazzeo Giulia Giacomucci Valentina Bessi Camilla Ferrari Sandro Sorbi Sandro Sorbi Benedetta Nacmias Benedetta Nacmias |
| author_facet | Assunta Ingannato Silvia Bagnoli Salvatore Mazzeo Salvatore Mazzeo Salvatore Mazzeo Giulia Giacomucci Valentina Bessi Camilla Ferrari Sandro Sorbi Sandro Sorbi Benedetta Nacmias Benedetta Nacmias |
| author_sort | Assunta Ingannato |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundPlasma biomarkers are preferable to invasive and expensive diagnostic tools, such as neuroimaging and lumbar puncture that are gold standard in the clinical management of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Here, we investigated plasma Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP), Neurofilament Light Chain (NfL) and Phosphorylated-tau-181 (pTau 181) in AD and in its early stages: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and Mild cognitive impairment (MCI).Material and methodsThis study included 152 patients (42 SCD, 74 MCI and 36 AD). All patients underwent comprehensive clinical and neurological assessment. Blood samples were collected for Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotyping and plasma biomarker (GFAP, NfL, and pTau 181) measurements. Forty-three patients (7 SCD, 27 MCI, and 9 AD) underwent a follow-up (FU) visit after 2 years, and a second plasma sample was collected. Plasma biomarker levels were detected using the Simoa SR-X technology (Quanterix Corp.). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 28 (IBM SPSS Statistics). Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.ResultsGFAP, NfL and pTau 181 levels in plasma were lower in SCD and MCI than in AD patients. In particular, plasma GFAP levels were statistically significant different between SCD and AD (p=0.003), and between MCI and AD (p=0.032). Plasma NfL was different in SCD vs MCI (p=0.026), SCD vs AD (p<0.001), SCD vs AD FU (p<0.001), SCD FU vs AD (p=0.033), SCD FU vs AD FU (p=0.011), MCI vs AD (p=0.002), MCI FU vs AD (p=0.003), MCI FU vs AD FU (p=0.003) and MCI vs AD FU (p=0.003). Plasma pTau 181 concentration was significantly different between SCD and AD (p=0.001), MCI and AD (p=0.026), MCI FU and AD (p=0.020). In APOE ϵ4 carriers, a statistically significant increase in plasma NfL (p<0.001) and pTau 181 levels was found (p=0.014). Moreover, an association emerged between age at disease onset and plasma GFAP (p = 0.021) and pTau181 (p < 0.001) levels.Discussion and conclusionsPlasma GFAP, NfL and pTau 181 are promising biomarkers in the diagnosis of the prodromic stages and prognosis of dementia. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T11:55:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-06f57d360a494662aa232248d0c9a0b5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-2392 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T11:55:04Z |
| publishDate | 2024-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj.art-06f57d360a494662aa232248d0c9a0b52024-04-09T04:48:15ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922024-04-011510.3389/fendo.2024.13753021375302Plasma GFAP, NfL and pTau 181 detect preclinical stages of dementiaAssunta Ingannato0Silvia Bagnoli1Salvatore Mazzeo2Salvatore Mazzeo3Salvatore Mazzeo4Giulia Giacomucci5Valentina Bessi6Camilla Ferrari7Sandro Sorbi8Sandro Sorbi9Benedetta Nacmias10Benedetta Nacmias11Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, ItalyDepartment of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, ItalyResearch and Innovation Centre for Dementia-CRIDEM, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, ItalyVita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, ItalyIstituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, ItalyResearch and Innovation Centre for Dementia-CRIDEM, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, ItalyResearch and Innovation Centre for Dementia-CRIDEM, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, ItalyDepartment of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, ItalyDepartment of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, ItalyIstituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Florence, ItalyDepartment of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, ItalyIstituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Florence, ItalyBackgroundPlasma biomarkers are preferable to invasive and expensive diagnostic tools, such as neuroimaging and lumbar puncture that are gold standard in the clinical management of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Here, we investigated plasma Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP), Neurofilament Light Chain (NfL) and Phosphorylated-tau-181 (pTau 181) in AD and in its early stages: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and Mild cognitive impairment (MCI).Material and methodsThis study included 152 patients (42 SCD, 74 MCI and 36 AD). All patients underwent comprehensive clinical and neurological assessment. Blood samples were collected for Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotyping and plasma biomarker (GFAP, NfL, and pTau 181) measurements. Forty-three patients (7 SCD, 27 MCI, and 9 AD) underwent a follow-up (FU) visit after 2 years, and a second plasma sample was collected. Plasma biomarker levels were detected using the Simoa SR-X technology (Quanterix Corp.). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 28 (IBM SPSS Statistics). Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.ResultsGFAP, NfL and pTau 181 levels in plasma were lower in SCD and MCI than in AD patients. In particular, plasma GFAP levels were statistically significant different between SCD and AD (p=0.003), and between MCI and AD (p=0.032). Plasma NfL was different in SCD vs MCI (p=0.026), SCD vs AD (p<0.001), SCD vs AD FU (p<0.001), SCD FU vs AD (p=0.033), SCD FU vs AD FU (p=0.011), MCI vs AD (p=0.002), MCI FU vs AD (p=0.003), MCI FU vs AD FU (p=0.003) and MCI vs AD FU (p=0.003). Plasma pTau 181 concentration was significantly different between SCD and AD (p=0.001), MCI and AD (p=0.026), MCI FU and AD (p=0.020). In APOE ϵ4 carriers, a statistically significant increase in plasma NfL (p<0.001) and pTau 181 levels was found (p=0.014). Moreover, an association emerged between age at disease onset and plasma GFAP (p = 0.021) and pTau181 (p < 0.001) levels.Discussion and conclusionsPlasma GFAP, NfL and pTau 181 are promising biomarkers in the diagnosis of the prodromic stages and prognosis of dementia.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2024.1375302/fullAlzheimer's diseasepreclinical stagesplasma biomarkersglial fibrillary acidic proteinneurofilament light chainphosphorylated-tau-181 |
| spellingShingle | Assunta Ingannato Silvia Bagnoli Salvatore Mazzeo Salvatore Mazzeo Salvatore Mazzeo Giulia Giacomucci Valentina Bessi Camilla Ferrari Sandro Sorbi Sandro Sorbi Benedetta Nacmias Benedetta Nacmias Plasma GFAP, NfL and pTau 181 detect preclinical stages of dementia Frontiers in Endocrinology Alzheimer's disease preclinical stages plasma biomarkers glial fibrillary acidic protein neurofilament light chain phosphorylated-tau-181 |
| title | Plasma GFAP, NfL and pTau 181 detect preclinical stages of dementia |
| title_full | Plasma GFAP, NfL and pTau 181 detect preclinical stages of dementia |
| title_fullStr | Plasma GFAP, NfL and pTau 181 detect preclinical stages of dementia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Plasma GFAP, NfL and pTau 181 detect preclinical stages of dementia |
| title_short | Plasma GFAP, NfL and pTau 181 detect preclinical stages of dementia |
| title_sort | plasma gfap nfl and ptau 181 detect preclinical stages of dementia |
| topic | Alzheimer's disease preclinical stages plasma biomarkers glial fibrillary acidic protein neurofilament light chain phosphorylated-tau-181 |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2024.1375302/full |
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