Toxicological Effects of Inorganic Nanoparticle Mixtures in Freshwater Mussels
The toxicological effects of nanoparticles mixtures in aquatic organisms are poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to examine the tissue metal loadings and sublethal effects of silver (nAg), cerium oxide (nCeO), copper oxide (nCuO) and zinc oxide (nZnO) nanoparticles individually at 50 µg...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Environments |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3298/7/12/109 |
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| author | Joelle Auclair Patrice Turcotte Christian Gagnon Caroline Peyrot Kevin J. Wilkinson François Gagné |
| author_facet | Joelle Auclair Patrice Turcotte Christian Gagnon Caroline Peyrot Kevin J. Wilkinson François Gagné |
| author_sort | Joelle Auclair |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The toxicological effects of nanoparticles mixtures in aquatic organisms are poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to examine the tissue metal loadings and sublethal effects of silver (nAg), cerium oxide (nCeO), copper oxide (nCuO) and zinc oxide (nZnO) nanoparticles individually at 50 µg/L and in two mixtures to freshwater mussels <i>Dreissena bugensis</i>. The mixtures consisted of 12.5 µg/L of each nanoparticle (Mix50) and 50 µg/L of each nanoparticles (Mix200). After a 96-h exposure period, mussels were analyzed for morphological changes, air time survival, bioaccumulation, inflammation (cyclooxygenase or COX activity), lipid peroxidation (LPO), DNA strand breaks, labile Zn, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and protein–ubiquitin levels. The data revealed that mussels accumulated the nanoparticles with nCeO and nAg were the least and most bioavailable, respectively. Increased tissue metal loadings were observed for nCeO and nCuO in mixtures, while no mixture effects were observed for nAg and nZnO. The weight loss during air emersion was lower in mussels exposed to nCuO alone but not by the mixture. On the one hand, labile Zn levels was increased with nZnO but returned to control values with the Mix50 and Mix200, suggesting antagonism. On the other hand, DNA strand breaks were reduced for both mixtures compared to controls or to the nanoparticles individually, suggesting potentiation of effects. The same was found for protein–ubiquitin levels, which were decreased by nCeO and nCuO alone but not when in mixtures, which increased their levels. In conclusion, the data revealed that the behavior and effects of nanoparticles were influenced by other nanoparticles where antagonist and potentiation interactions were identified. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:06:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-07089a0c41194a4fb86c9c3c50bbb0a4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3298 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:06:30Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environments |
| spelling | doaj.art-07089a0c41194a4fb86c9c3c50bbb0a42023-11-21T00:34:26ZengMDPI AGEnvironments2076-32982020-12-0171210910.3390/environments7120109Toxicological Effects of Inorganic Nanoparticle Mixtures in Freshwater MusselsJoelle Auclair0Patrice Turcotte1Christian Gagnon2Caroline Peyrot3Kevin J. Wilkinson4François Gagné5Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Montreal, QC H2Y 2E7, CanadaAquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Montreal, QC H2Y 2E7, CanadaAquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Montreal, QC H2Y 2E7, CanadaDepartment of Chemistry, Montréal University, Montréal, QC H2V 2B8, CanadaDepartment of Chemistry, Montréal University, Montréal, QC H2V 2B8, CanadaAquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Montreal, QC H2Y 2E7, CanadaThe toxicological effects of nanoparticles mixtures in aquatic organisms are poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to examine the tissue metal loadings and sublethal effects of silver (nAg), cerium oxide (nCeO), copper oxide (nCuO) and zinc oxide (nZnO) nanoparticles individually at 50 µg/L and in two mixtures to freshwater mussels <i>Dreissena bugensis</i>. The mixtures consisted of 12.5 µg/L of each nanoparticle (Mix50) and 50 µg/L of each nanoparticles (Mix200). After a 96-h exposure period, mussels were analyzed for morphological changes, air time survival, bioaccumulation, inflammation (cyclooxygenase or COX activity), lipid peroxidation (LPO), DNA strand breaks, labile Zn, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and protein–ubiquitin levels. The data revealed that mussels accumulated the nanoparticles with nCeO and nAg were the least and most bioavailable, respectively. Increased tissue metal loadings were observed for nCeO and nCuO in mixtures, while no mixture effects were observed for nAg and nZnO. The weight loss during air emersion was lower in mussels exposed to nCuO alone but not by the mixture. On the one hand, labile Zn levels was increased with nZnO but returned to control values with the Mix50 and Mix200, suggesting antagonism. On the other hand, DNA strand breaks were reduced for both mixtures compared to controls or to the nanoparticles individually, suggesting potentiation of effects. The same was found for protein–ubiquitin levels, which were decreased by nCeO and nCuO alone but not when in mixtures, which increased their levels. In conclusion, the data revealed that the behavior and effects of nanoparticles were influenced by other nanoparticles where antagonist and potentiation interactions were identified.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3298/7/12/109nanoparticlesmixtureslabile zincubiquitinoxidative stressDNA damage |
| spellingShingle | Joelle Auclair Patrice Turcotte Christian Gagnon Caroline Peyrot Kevin J. Wilkinson François Gagné Toxicological Effects of Inorganic Nanoparticle Mixtures in Freshwater Mussels Environments nanoparticles mixtures labile zinc ubiquitin oxidative stress DNA damage |
| title | Toxicological Effects of Inorganic Nanoparticle Mixtures in Freshwater Mussels |
| title_full | Toxicological Effects of Inorganic Nanoparticle Mixtures in Freshwater Mussels |
| title_fullStr | Toxicological Effects of Inorganic Nanoparticle Mixtures in Freshwater Mussels |
| title_full_unstemmed | Toxicological Effects of Inorganic Nanoparticle Mixtures in Freshwater Mussels |
| title_short | Toxicological Effects of Inorganic Nanoparticle Mixtures in Freshwater Mussels |
| title_sort | toxicological effects of inorganic nanoparticle mixtures in freshwater mussels |
| topic | nanoparticles mixtures labile zinc ubiquitin oxidative stress DNA damage |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3298/7/12/109 |
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