Influence of Quenching and Partitioning Parameters on Phase Transformations and Mechanical Properties of Medium Manganese Steel for Press-Hardening Application
It has been proven that through targeted quenching and partitioning (Q & P), medium manganese steels can exhibit excellent mechanical properties combining very high strength and ductility. In order to apply the potential of these steels in industrial press hardening and to avoid high scrap rates...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-11-01
|
| Series: | Metals |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/11/11/1879 |
| _version_ | 1827675985377492992 |
|---|---|
| author | Charline Blankart Sebastian Wesselmecking Ulrich Krupp |
| author_facet | Charline Blankart Sebastian Wesselmecking Ulrich Krupp |
| author_sort | Charline Blankart |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | It has been proven that through targeted quenching and partitioning (Q & P), medium manganese steels can exhibit excellent mechanical properties combining very high strength and ductility. In order to apply the potential of these steels in industrial press hardening and to avoid high scrap rates, it is of utmost importance to determine a robust process window for Q & P. Hence, an intensive study of dilatometry experiments was carried out to identify the influence of quenching temperature (<i>T<sub>Q</sub></i>) and partitioning time (t<sub>p</sub>) on phase transformations, phase stabilities, and the mechanical properties of a lean medium manganese steel. For this purpose, additional scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) examinations as well as tensile testing were performed. Based on the dilatometry data, an adjustment of the Koistinen–Marburger (K-M) equation for medium manganese steel was developed. The results show that a retained austenite content of 12–21% in combination with a low-phase fraction of untempered secondary martensite (max. 20%) leads to excellent mechanical properties with a tensile strength higher than 1500 MPa and a total elongation of 18%, whereas an exceeding secondary martensite phase fraction results in brittle failure. The optimum retained austenite content was adjusted for <i>T<sub>Q</sub></i> between 130 °C and 150 °C by means of an adapted partitioning. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:16:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0709c43aa6fc4f92a4096ff040c08b5a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:16:23Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj.art-0709c43aa6fc4f92a4096ff040c08b5a2023-11-23T00:24:59ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012021-11-011111187910.3390/met11111879Influence of Quenching and Partitioning Parameters on Phase Transformations and Mechanical Properties of Medium Manganese Steel for Press-Hardening ApplicationCharline Blankart0Sebastian Wesselmecking1Ulrich Krupp2Steel Institute, RWTH Aachen University, 52072 Aachen, GermanySteel Institute, RWTH Aachen University, 52072 Aachen, GermanySteel Institute, RWTH Aachen University, 52072 Aachen, GermanyIt has been proven that through targeted quenching and partitioning (Q & P), medium manganese steels can exhibit excellent mechanical properties combining very high strength and ductility. In order to apply the potential of these steels in industrial press hardening and to avoid high scrap rates, it is of utmost importance to determine a robust process window for Q & P. Hence, an intensive study of dilatometry experiments was carried out to identify the influence of quenching temperature (<i>T<sub>Q</sub></i>) and partitioning time (t<sub>p</sub>) on phase transformations, phase stabilities, and the mechanical properties of a lean medium manganese steel. For this purpose, additional scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) examinations as well as tensile testing were performed. Based on the dilatometry data, an adjustment of the Koistinen–Marburger (K-M) equation for medium manganese steel was developed. The results show that a retained austenite content of 12–21% in combination with a low-phase fraction of untempered secondary martensite (max. 20%) leads to excellent mechanical properties with a tensile strength higher than 1500 MPa and a total elongation of 18%, whereas an exceeding secondary martensite phase fraction results in brittle failure. The optimum retained austenite content was adjusted for <i>T<sub>Q</sub></i> between 130 °C and 150 °C by means of an adapted partitioning.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/11/11/1879medium manganese steelquenching and partitioningdilatometrymartensitic phase transformationpress hardening |
| spellingShingle | Charline Blankart Sebastian Wesselmecking Ulrich Krupp Influence of Quenching and Partitioning Parameters on Phase Transformations and Mechanical Properties of Medium Manganese Steel for Press-Hardening Application Metals medium manganese steel quenching and partitioning dilatometry martensitic phase transformation press hardening |
| title | Influence of Quenching and Partitioning Parameters on Phase Transformations and Mechanical Properties of Medium Manganese Steel for Press-Hardening Application |
| title_full | Influence of Quenching and Partitioning Parameters on Phase Transformations and Mechanical Properties of Medium Manganese Steel for Press-Hardening Application |
| title_fullStr | Influence of Quenching and Partitioning Parameters on Phase Transformations and Mechanical Properties of Medium Manganese Steel for Press-Hardening Application |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of Quenching and Partitioning Parameters on Phase Transformations and Mechanical Properties of Medium Manganese Steel for Press-Hardening Application |
| title_short | Influence of Quenching and Partitioning Parameters on Phase Transformations and Mechanical Properties of Medium Manganese Steel for Press-Hardening Application |
| title_sort | influence of quenching and partitioning parameters on phase transformations and mechanical properties of medium manganese steel for press hardening application |
| topic | medium manganese steel quenching and partitioning dilatometry martensitic phase transformation press hardening |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/11/11/1879 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT charlineblankart influenceofquenchingandpartitioningparametersonphasetransformationsandmechanicalpropertiesofmediummanganesesteelforpresshardeningapplication AT sebastianwesselmecking influenceofquenchingandpartitioningparametersonphasetransformationsandmechanicalpropertiesofmediummanganesesteelforpresshardeningapplication AT ulrichkrupp influenceofquenchingandpartitioningparametersonphasetransformationsandmechanicalpropertiesofmediummanganesesteelforpresshardeningapplication |