Nature and Nurture: Effects of Affective Temperaments on Depressive Symptoms Are Markedly Modified by Stress Exposure
BackgroundLack of proper consideration of the interaction between biological and environmental factors limits our understanding of the development of depression. Our cross-sectional study investigated whether recent stress influences the effect of affective temperaments on depressive symptoms.Method...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00599/full |
| _version_ | 1818511591214153728 |
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| author | Xenia Gonda Xenia Gonda Xenia Gonda Nora Eszlári Nora Eszlári Sara Sutori Sara Sutori Nikoletta Aspan Zoltan Rihmer Gabriella Juhasz Gabriella Juhasz Gabriella Juhasz Gyorgy Bagdy Gyorgy Bagdy Gyorgy Bagdy |
| author_facet | Xenia Gonda Xenia Gonda Xenia Gonda Nora Eszlári Nora Eszlári Sara Sutori Sara Sutori Nikoletta Aspan Zoltan Rihmer Gabriella Juhasz Gabriella Juhasz Gabriella Juhasz Gyorgy Bagdy Gyorgy Bagdy Gyorgy Bagdy |
| author_sort | Xenia Gonda |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundLack of proper consideration of the interaction between biological and environmental factors limits our understanding of the development of depression. Our cross-sectional study investigated whether recent stress influences the effect of affective temperaments on depressive symptoms.Methods1015 general population participants completed the Brief Symptom Inventory to capture depressive symptoms, the List of Threatening Experiences Questionnaire to assess recent stressors, and the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis Pisa, Paris, and San Diego Autoquestionnaire to evaluate affective temperaments (TEMPS-A). Linear regression models were built to investigate the effect of temperament and stress on depression, temperament on stress, and the effect of temperament on depressive symptoms in different stress exposure groups.ResultsRecent life events and anxious, depressive, cyclothymic, and hyperthymic temperaments significantly predicted depressive symptoms, and cyclothymic, and hyperthymic temperaments significantly predicted recent life event exposure. While in case of mild stress all affective temperaments except irritable predicted depression, in case of moderate exposure only the effect of depressive, cyclothymic, and hyperthymic temperament, while in the high exposure group only the effect of anxious temperament was significant.LimitationsAll measures were based on self-report, and subjective impact of life events was not considered. This was a cross-sectional study with a correlational nature which does not allow for causative conclusions.ConclusionsThe contribution of affective temperaments to depression is much higher compared to stress, and severity of exposure to life events influences the impact of affective temperaments on depressive symptoms, pointing to divergent pathways of emotional reactivity mediating the effects of stress on depression which can be exploited for prevention and treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T23:35:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0712165972474f21ae03733c02a6f45d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-0640 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T23:35:12Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj.art-0712165972474f21ae03733c02a6f45d2022-12-22T01:29:13ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychiatry1664-06402020-06-011110.3389/fpsyt.2020.00599552277Nature and Nurture: Effects of Affective Temperaments on Depressive Symptoms Are Markedly Modified by Stress ExposureXenia Gonda0Xenia Gonda1Xenia Gonda2Nora Eszlári3Nora Eszlári4Sara Sutori5Sara Sutori6Nikoletta Aspan7Zoltan Rihmer8Gabriella Juhasz9Gabriella Juhasz10Gabriella Juhasz11Gyorgy Bagdy12Gyorgy Bagdy13Gyorgy Bagdy14MTA-SE Neurochemistry and Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, HungaryNAP-2-SE New Antidepressant Target Research Group, Hungarian Brain Research Program, Semmelweis University, Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, HungaryNAP-2-SE New Antidepressant Target Research Group, Hungarian Brain Research Program, Semmelweis University, Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, HungaryPazmany Peter Catholic University, Budapest, HungaryJanos Szentagothai Doctoral School of Semmelweis University, Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, HungaryMTA-SE Neurochemistry and Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, HungarySE-NAP 2 Genetic Brain Imaging Migraine Research Group, Hungarian Brain Research Program, Semmelweis University, Budapest, HungaryMTA-SE Neurochemistry and Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, HungaryNAP-2-SE New Antidepressant Target Research Group, Hungarian Brain Research Program, Semmelweis University, Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, HungaryBackgroundLack of proper consideration of the interaction between biological and environmental factors limits our understanding of the development of depression. Our cross-sectional study investigated whether recent stress influences the effect of affective temperaments on depressive symptoms.Methods1015 general population participants completed the Brief Symptom Inventory to capture depressive symptoms, the List of Threatening Experiences Questionnaire to assess recent stressors, and the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis Pisa, Paris, and San Diego Autoquestionnaire to evaluate affective temperaments (TEMPS-A). Linear regression models were built to investigate the effect of temperament and stress on depression, temperament on stress, and the effect of temperament on depressive symptoms in different stress exposure groups.ResultsRecent life events and anxious, depressive, cyclothymic, and hyperthymic temperaments significantly predicted depressive symptoms, and cyclothymic, and hyperthymic temperaments significantly predicted recent life event exposure. While in case of mild stress all affective temperaments except irritable predicted depression, in case of moderate exposure only the effect of depressive, cyclothymic, and hyperthymic temperament, while in the high exposure group only the effect of anxious temperament was significant.LimitationsAll measures were based on self-report, and subjective impact of life events was not considered. This was a cross-sectional study with a correlational nature which does not allow for causative conclusions.ConclusionsThe contribution of affective temperaments to depression is much higher compared to stress, and severity of exposure to life events influences the impact of affective temperaments on depressive symptoms, pointing to divergent pathways of emotional reactivity mediating the effects of stress on depression which can be exploited for prevention and treatment.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00599/fullaffective temperamentsstressrecent life eventdepressionenvironmental influences |
| spellingShingle | Xenia Gonda Xenia Gonda Xenia Gonda Nora Eszlári Nora Eszlári Sara Sutori Sara Sutori Nikoletta Aspan Zoltan Rihmer Gabriella Juhasz Gabriella Juhasz Gabriella Juhasz Gyorgy Bagdy Gyorgy Bagdy Gyorgy Bagdy Nature and Nurture: Effects of Affective Temperaments on Depressive Symptoms Are Markedly Modified by Stress Exposure Frontiers in Psychiatry affective temperaments stress recent life event depression environmental influences |
| title | Nature and Nurture: Effects of Affective Temperaments on Depressive Symptoms Are Markedly Modified by Stress Exposure |
| title_full | Nature and Nurture: Effects of Affective Temperaments on Depressive Symptoms Are Markedly Modified by Stress Exposure |
| title_fullStr | Nature and Nurture: Effects of Affective Temperaments on Depressive Symptoms Are Markedly Modified by Stress Exposure |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nature and Nurture: Effects of Affective Temperaments on Depressive Symptoms Are Markedly Modified by Stress Exposure |
| title_short | Nature and Nurture: Effects of Affective Temperaments on Depressive Symptoms Are Markedly Modified by Stress Exposure |
| title_sort | nature and nurture effects of affective temperaments on depressive symptoms are markedly modified by stress exposure |
| topic | affective temperaments stress recent life event depression environmental influences |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00599/full |
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