In Vitro Evaluations and Comparison of the Efficacy of Two Commercial Products Containing Condensed Tannins and of Saifoin (<i>Onobrychis viciifolia</i> Scop.) Hay against Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Goats
Gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) is a limiting health factor for dairy goats, and the integration of the diet with fodder containing condensed tannins (CT) is becoming increasingly important to control GINs. To preliminary evaluate their potential role as part of GIN control in goat breeding, the i...
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/3/547 |
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| author | Alessia L. Gazzonis Sara Panseri Radmila Pavlovic Sergio A. Zanzani Luca Chiesa Luca Rapetti Marco Battelli Luca Villa Maria Teresa Manfredi |
| author_facet | Alessia L. Gazzonis Sara Panseri Radmila Pavlovic Sergio A. Zanzani Luca Chiesa Luca Rapetti Marco Battelli Luca Villa Maria Teresa Manfredi |
| author_sort | Alessia L. Gazzonis |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) is a limiting health factor for dairy goats, and the integration of the diet with fodder containing condensed tannins (CT) is becoming increasingly important to control GINs. To preliminary evaluate their potential role as part of GIN control in goat breeding, the in vitro anthelmintic efficacy of the CTs of Silvafeed BYPRO (SBP), Silvafeed Q powder (SQ), and sainfoin hay (SH) was evaluated, and the untargeted metabolomics profiling of the selected formulations was performed. CTs were extracted in water and in ethanol, their concentration was determined, and their chemical characterization was conducted using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) coupled to High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS) platform. The in vitro anthelmintic activity of the extracts was evaluated using the Eggs Hatch Test (EHT) and the Larval Migration Inhibition Test (LMIT) using different extract concentrations (150, 300, 600, and 1200 μg/mL). The metabolomic profile of the ethanol extract showed a high number of flavonoids, while the water extract showed higher levels of hydrolysable tannins. The ethanol extracts were effective on both eggs hatching and larvae migration at low concentrations (150 μg/mL) for the three analyzed samples, while the water extracts showed more varied results: SH showed the greatest ovicidal efficacy (concentration 150 μg/mL, %IH = 40.9), while SBP and SQ were more effective against the larvae migration (concentration 600 μg/mL, %LMI = 69.7% and 88%), respectively. The integration of CT-rich fodder into the diet may be considered for the control of GIN infection in goats. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:53:38Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:53:38Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
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| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-0727ed5a5ed543aab77c37d0893f3f602023-11-16T16:02:22ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152023-02-0113354710.3390/ani13030547In Vitro Evaluations and Comparison of the Efficacy of Two Commercial Products Containing Condensed Tannins and of Saifoin (<i>Onobrychis viciifolia</i> Scop.) Hay against Gastrointestinal Nematodes of GoatsAlessia L. Gazzonis0Sara Panseri1Radmila Pavlovic2Sergio A. Zanzani3Luca Chiesa4Luca Rapetti5Marco Battelli6Luca Villa7Maria Teresa Manfredi8Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, ItalyProteomics and Metabolomics Facility (ProMeFa), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, ItalyDepartment of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences—Production, Landscape, Agroenergy, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences—Production, Landscape, Agroenergy, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, ItalyGastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) is a limiting health factor for dairy goats, and the integration of the diet with fodder containing condensed tannins (CT) is becoming increasingly important to control GINs. To preliminary evaluate their potential role as part of GIN control in goat breeding, the in vitro anthelmintic efficacy of the CTs of Silvafeed BYPRO (SBP), Silvafeed Q powder (SQ), and sainfoin hay (SH) was evaluated, and the untargeted metabolomics profiling of the selected formulations was performed. CTs were extracted in water and in ethanol, their concentration was determined, and their chemical characterization was conducted using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) coupled to High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS) platform. The in vitro anthelmintic activity of the extracts was evaluated using the Eggs Hatch Test (EHT) and the Larval Migration Inhibition Test (LMIT) using different extract concentrations (150, 300, 600, and 1200 μg/mL). The metabolomic profile of the ethanol extract showed a high number of flavonoids, while the water extract showed higher levels of hydrolysable tannins. The ethanol extracts were effective on both eggs hatching and larvae migration at low concentrations (150 μg/mL) for the three analyzed samples, while the water extracts showed more varied results: SH showed the greatest ovicidal efficacy (concentration 150 μg/mL, %IH = 40.9), while SBP and SQ were more effective against the larvae migration (concentration 600 μg/mL, %LMI = 69.7% and 88%), respectively. The integration of CT-rich fodder into the diet may be considered for the control of GIN infection in goats.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/3/547condensed tanninsEggs Hatch Test (EHT)gastrointestinal nematodesLarval Migration Inhibition Test (LMIT) |
| spellingShingle | Alessia L. Gazzonis Sara Panseri Radmila Pavlovic Sergio A. Zanzani Luca Chiesa Luca Rapetti Marco Battelli Luca Villa Maria Teresa Manfredi In Vitro Evaluations and Comparison of the Efficacy of Two Commercial Products Containing Condensed Tannins and of Saifoin (<i>Onobrychis viciifolia</i> Scop.) Hay against Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Goats Animals condensed tannins Eggs Hatch Test (EHT) gastrointestinal nematodes Larval Migration Inhibition Test (LMIT) |
| title | In Vitro Evaluations and Comparison of the Efficacy of Two Commercial Products Containing Condensed Tannins and of Saifoin (<i>Onobrychis viciifolia</i> Scop.) Hay against Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Goats |
| title_full | In Vitro Evaluations and Comparison of the Efficacy of Two Commercial Products Containing Condensed Tannins and of Saifoin (<i>Onobrychis viciifolia</i> Scop.) Hay against Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Goats |
| title_fullStr | In Vitro Evaluations and Comparison of the Efficacy of Two Commercial Products Containing Condensed Tannins and of Saifoin (<i>Onobrychis viciifolia</i> Scop.) Hay against Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Goats |
| title_full_unstemmed | In Vitro Evaluations and Comparison of the Efficacy of Two Commercial Products Containing Condensed Tannins and of Saifoin (<i>Onobrychis viciifolia</i> Scop.) Hay against Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Goats |
| title_short | In Vitro Evaluations and Comparison of the Efficacy of Two Commercial Products Containing Condensed Tannins and of Saifoin (<i>Onobrychis viciifolia</i> Scop.) Hay against Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Goats |
| title_sort | in vitro evaluations and comparison of the efficacy of two commercial products containing condensed tannins and of saifoin i onobrychis viciifolia i scop hay against gastrointestinal nematodes of goats |
| topic | condensed tannins Eggs Hatch Test (EHT) gastrointestinal nematodes Larval Migration Inhibition Test (LMIT) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/3/547 |
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