A Low-Power, Ambiguous Synthetic Aperture Radar Concept for Continuous Ship Monitoring
This article addresses the design of a low-cost synthetic aperture radar (SAR) for a single dedicated application, namely illegal vessel detection, which can be implemented using a small satellite and is characterized by reduced transmit power and high resolution. Minimum requirements in terms of no...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IEEE
2022-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9658218/ |
| _version_ | 1818332596452458496 |
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| author | Nertjana Ustalli Gerhard Krieger Michelangelo Villano |
| author_facet | Nertjana Ustalli Gerhard Krieger Michelangelo Villano |
| author_sort | Nertjana Ustalli |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This article addresses the design of a low-cost synthetic aperture radar (SAR) for a single dedicated application, namely illegal vessel detection, which can be implemented using a small satellite and is characterized by reduced transmit power and high resolution. Minimum requirements in terms of noise equivalent sigma zero and resolution that ensure acceptable detection performance are derived on the basis of ship statistics extracted from TerraSAR-X data. One peculiarity of the design is that a pulse repetition frequency much smaller than the nominal Doppler bandwidth is selected to increase the swath width beyond the classical SAR limitation without using digital beamforming, as the azimuth ambiguities can be tolerated for this specific application. Several design examples of SAR systems operating in <italic>X</italic>-band demonstrate the potential of this concept for small ship monitoring over swaths of 50–90 km with antennas smaller than 0.6 m<sup>2</sup> and very low average transmit powers comprised between 20 and 80 W. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T13:38:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-072a28e29e104cbabedf04566e84bb39 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2151-1535 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T13:38:15Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-072a28e29e104cbabedf04566e84bb392022-12-21T23:43:39ZengIEEEIEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing2151-15352022-01-01151244125510.1109/JSTARS.2021.31369359658218A Low-Power, Ambiguous Synthetic Aperture Radar Concept for Continuous Ship MonitoringNertjana Ustalli0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8061-2562Gerhard Krieger1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4548-0285Michelangelo Villano2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1769-6927Microwaves and Radar Institute, German Aerospace Center Oberpfaffenhofen Site, Oberpfaffenhofen-Wessling, Bavaria, GermanyMicrowaves and Radar Institute, German Aerospace Center Oberpfaffenhofen Site, Oberpfaffenhofen-Wessling, Bavaria, GermanyMicrowaves and Radar Institute, German Aerospace Center Oberpfaffenhofen Site, Oberpfaffenhofen-Wessling, Bavaria, GermanyThis article addresses the design of a low-cost synthetic aperture radar (SAR) for a single dedicated application, namely illegal vessel detection, which can be implemented using a small satellite and is characterized by reduced transmit power and high resolution. Minimum requirements in terms of noise equivalent sigma zero and resolution that ensure acceptable detection performance are derived on the basis of ship statistics extracted from TerraSAR-X data. One peculiarity of the design is that a pulse repetition frequency much smaller than the nominal Doppler bandwidth is selected to increase the swath width beyond the classical SAR limitation without using digital beamforming, as the azimuth ambiguities can be tolerated for this specific application. Several design examples of SAR systems operating in <italic>X</italic>-band demonstrate the potential of this concept for small ship monitoring over swaths of 50–90 km with antennas smaller than 0.6 m<sup>2</sup> and very low average transmit powers comprised between 20 and 80 W.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9658218/Azimuth ambiguitieshigh-resolution wide-swath imagingship detectionsmall satellitessynthetic aperture radar (SAR) |
| spellingShingle | Nertjana Ustalli Gerhard Krieger Michelangelo Villano A Low-Power, Ambiguous Synthetic Aperture Radar Concept for Continuous Ship Monitoring IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing Azimuth ambiguities high-resolution wide-swath imaging ship detection small satellites synthetic aperture radar (SAR) |
| title | A Low-Power, Ambiguous Synthetic Aperture Radar Concept for Continuous Ship Monitoring |
| title_full | A Low-Power, Ambiguous Synthetic Aperture Radar Concept for Continuous Ship Monitoring |
| title_fullStr | A Low-Power, Ambiguous Synthetic Aperture Radar Concept for Continuous Ship Monitoring |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Low-Power, Ambiguous Synthetic Aperture Radar Concept for Continuous Ship Monitoring |
| title_short | A Low-Power, Ambiguous Synthetic Aperture Radar Concept for Continuous Ship Monitoring |
| title_sort | low power ambiguous synthetic aperture radar concept for continuous ship monitoring |
| topic | Azimuth ambiguities high-resolution wide-swath imaging ship detection small satellites synthetic aperture radar (SAR) |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9658218/ |
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