Antibiofilm Potential and Exoenzyme Inhibition by <i>Elattaria cardamomum</i> Essential Oil in <i>Candida</i> spp. Strains
Fungal infections caused by <i>Candida</i> species have attracted great interest due to their resistance to commercial antifungal agents. Essential oils from aromatic and medicinal plants have many bioactive compounds that are known for their important biological activities, mainly their...
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Life |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/12/11/1756 |
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| author | Emira Noumi Ghada Salamah Alshammari Tarek Zmantar Abdulrahman S. Bazaid Khulood Fahad Alabbosh Abdelbaset Mohamed Elasbali Waleed Abu Al-Soud Sami Ghazi Alrashidi Mejdi Snoussi |
| author_facet | Emira Noumi Ghada Salamah Alshammari Tarek Zmantar Abdulrahman S. Bazaid Khulood Fahad Alabbosh Abdelbaset Mohamed Elasbali Waleed Abu Al-Soud Sami Ghazi Alrashidi Mejdi Snoussi |
| author_sort | Emira Noumi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fungal infections caused by <i>Candida</i> species have attracted great interest due to their resistance to commercial antifungal agents. Essential oils from aromatic and medicinal plants have many bioactive compounds that are known for their important biological activities, mainly their antimicrobial effects. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the antifungal ability of <i>Elettaria cardamomum</i> essential oil (EO) against different clinical <i>Candida</i> isolates. Then, we investigated the anti-phospholipase, anti-protease, and anti-biofilm activity of <i>E. cardamomum</i> EO against the selected isolates. Twenty-four <i>Candida</i> strains (clinical and reference) were tested for virulence factors such as biofilm formation, protease, and phospholipase activity. The minimum inhibitory (MIC) and fungicidal (MFC) concentrations of <i>E. cardamomum</i> were determined, and their effects were tested against all <i>Candida</i> strains. Our results revealed that <i>E. cardamomum</i> EO was rich in α-terpinyl acetate (56.5%), limonene (12.6%), and mentha-2.4(8)-diene (7.65%). The tested EO showed activity against all tested <i>Candida</i> strains in their planktonic form and against exoenzymes and biofilm production. Based on our findings, we promote the use of <i>E. cardamomum</i> EO as a treatment against clinical <i>Candida</i> isolates active on the virulence factors of this fungus. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:55:22Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-1729 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:55:22Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Life |
| spelling | doaj.art-07466a1aad2048fe9e999f485c82a9692023-11-24T05:30:28ZengMDPI AGLife2075-17292022-11-011211175610.3390/life12111756Antibiofilm Potential and Exoenzyme Inhibition by <i>Elattaria cardamomum</i> Essential Oil in <i>Candida</i> spp. StrainsEmira Noumi0Ghada Salamah Alshammari1Tarek Zmantar2Abdulrahman S. Bazaid3Khulood Fahad Alabbosh4Abdelbaset Mohamed Elasbali5Waleed Abu Al-Soud6Sami Ghazi Alrashidi7Mejdi Snoussi8Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail 2440, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail 2440, Saudi ArabiaLaboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Environmental and Product Pollutants, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, Avicenne Street, Monastir 5000, TunisiaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Hail 55476, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail 2440, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Sciences-Qurayyat, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Sciences-Sakaka, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi ArabiaImmunology Laboratory, King Salman Specialist Hospital, Hail 55471, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail 2440, Saudi ArabiaFungal infections caused by <i>Candida</i> species have attracted great interest due to their resistance to commercial antifungal agents. Essential oils from aromatic and medicinal plants have many bioactive compounds that are known for their important biological activities, mainly their antimicrobial effects. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the antifungal ability of <i>Elettaria cardamomum</i> essential oil (EO) against different clinical <i>Candida</i> isolates. Then, we investigated the anti-phospholipase, anti-protease, and anti-biofilm activity of <i>E. cardamomum</i> EO against the selected isolates. Twenty-four <i>Candida</i> strains (clinical and reference) were tested for virulence factors such as biofilm formation, protease, and phospholipase activity. The minimum inhibitory (MIC) and fungicidal (MFC) concentrations of <i>E. cardamomum</i> were determined, and their effects were tested against all <i>Candida</i> strains. Our results revealed that <i>E. cardamomum</i> EO was rich in α-terpinyl acetate (56.5%), limonene (12.6%), and mentha-2.4(8)-diene (7.65%). The tested EO showed activity against all tested <i>Candida</i> strains in their planktonic form and against exoenzymes and biofilm production. Based on our findings, we promote the use of <i>E. cardamomum</i> EO as a treatment against clinical <i>Candida</i> isolates active on the virulence factors of this fungus.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/12/11/1756<i>Candida</i> speciesexoenzymesbiofilm inhibitionvirulence factors<i>Elettaria cardamomum</i> |
| spellingShingle | Emira Noumi Ghada Salamah Alshammari Tarek Zmantar Abdulrahman S. Bazaid Khulood Fahad Alabbosh Abdelbaset Mohamed Elasbali Waleed Abu Al-Soud Sami Ghazi Alrashidi Mejdi Snoussi Antibiofilm Potential and Exoenzyme Inhibition by <i>Elattaria cardamomum</i> Essential Oil in <i>Candida</i> spp. Strains Life <i>Candida</i> species exoenzymes biofilm inhibition virulence factors <i>Elettaria cardamomum</i> |
| title | Antibiofilm Potential and Exoenzyme Inhibition by <i>Elattaria cardamomum</i> Essential Oil in <i>Candida</i> spp. Strains |
| title_full | Antibiofilm Potential and Exoenzyme Inhibition by <i>Elattaria cardamomum</i> Essential Oil in <i>Candida</i> spp. Strains |
| title_fullStr | Antibiofilm Potential and Exoenzyme Inhibition by <i>Elattaria cardamomum</i> Essential Oil in <i>Candida</i> spp. Strains |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antibiofilm Potential and Exoenzyme Inhibition by <i>Elattaria cardamomum</i> Essential Oil in <i>Candida</i> spp. Strains |
| title_short | Antibiofilm Potential and Exoenzyme Inhibition by <i>Elattaria cardamomum</i> Essential Oil in <i>Candida</i> spp. Strains |
| title_sort | antibiofilm potential and exoenzyme inhibition by i elattaria cardamomum i essential oil in i candida i spp strains |
| topic | <i>Candida</i> species exoenzymes biofilm inhibition virulence factors <i>Elettaria cardamomum</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/12/11/1756 |
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