An Effective Color Image Encryption Based on Henon Map, Tent Chaotic Map, and Orthogonal Matrices
In the last decade, the communication of images through the internet has increased. Due to the growing demands for data transfer through images, protection of data and safe communication is very important. For this purpose, many encryption techniques have been designed and developed. New and secured...
| Κύριοι συγγραφείς: | , , , , , , , |
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| Μορφή: | Άρθρο |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Σειρά: | Sensors |
| Θέματα: | |
| Διαθέσιμο Online: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/12/4359 |
| _version_ | 1827656731502575616 |
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| author | Shamsa Kanwal Saba Inam Mohamed Tahar Ben Othman Ayesha Waqar Muhammad Ibrahim Fariha Nawaz Zainab Nawaz Habib Hamam |
| author_facet | Shamsa Kanwal Saba Inam Mohamed Tahar Ben Othman Ayesha Waqar Muhammad Ibrahim Fariha Nawaz Zainab Nawaz Habib Hamam |
| author_sort | Shamsa Kanwal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the last decade, the communication of images through the internet has increased. Due to the growing demands for data transfer through images, protection of data and safe communication is very important. For this purpose, many encryption techniques have been designed and developed. New and secured encryption schemes based on chaos theory have introduced methods for secure as well as fast communication. A modified image encryption process is proposed in this work with chaotic maps and orthogonal matrix in Hill cipher. Image encryption involves three phases. In the first phase, a chaotic Henon map is used for permuting the digital image. In the second phase, a Hill cipher is used whose encryption key is generated by an orthogonal matrix which further is produced from the equation of the plane. In the third phase, a sequence is generated by a chaotic tent map which is later XORed. Chaotic maps play an important role in the encryption process. To deal with the issues of fast and highly secured image processing, the prominent properties of non-periodical movement and non-convergence of chaotic theory play an important role. The proposed scheme is resistant to different attacks on the cipher image. Different tests have been applied to evaluate the proposed technique. The results of the tests such as key space analysis, key sensitivity analysis, and information entropy, histogram correlation of the adjacent pixels, number of pixel change rate (NPCR), peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), and unified average changing intensity (UCAI) showed that our proposed scheme is an efficient encryption technique. The proposed approach is also compared with some state-of-the-art image encryption techniques. In the view of statistical analysis, we claim that our proposed encryption algorithm is secured. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:33:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0748ec2ac5cb4d1b8e09f15c1d4cbf3d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:33:26Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-0748ec2ac5cb4d1b8e09f15c1d4cbf3d2023-11-23T18:52:07ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202022-06-012212435910.3390/s22124359An Effective Color Image Encryption Based on Henon Map, Tent Chaotic Map, and Orthogonal MatricesShamsa Kanwal0Saba Inam1Mohamed Tahar Ben Othman2Ayesha Waqar3Muhammad Ibrahim4Fariha Nawaz5Zainab Nawaz6Habib Hamam7Department of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Fatima Jinnah Women University, The Mall, Rawalpindi 46000, PakistanDepartment of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Fatima Jinnah Women University, The Mall, Rawalpindi 46000, PakistanDepartment of Computer Science, College of Computer, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Fatima Jinnah Women University, The Mall, Rawalpindi 46000, PakistanDepartment of Information Technology, University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, PakistanDepartment of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Fatima Jinnah Women University, The Mall, Rawalpindi 46000, PakistanDepartment of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Fatima Jinnah Women University, The Mall, Rawalpindi 46000, PakistanFaculty of Engineering, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, CanadaIn the last decade, the communication of images through the internet has increased. Due to the growing demands for data transfer through images, protection of data and safe communication is very important. For this purpose, many encryption techniques have been designed and developed. New and secured encryption schemes based on chaos theory have introduced methods for secure as well as fast communication. A modified image encryption process is proposed in this work with chaotic maps and orthogonal matrix in Hill cipher. Image encryption involves three phases. In the first phase, a chaotic Henon map is used for permuting the digital image. In the second phase, a Hill cipher is used whose encryption key is generated by an orthogonal matrix which further is produced from the equation of the plane. In the third phase, a sequence is generated by a chaotic tent map which is later XORed. Chaotic maps play an important role in the encryption process. To deal with the issues of fast and highly secured image processing, the prominent properties of non-periodical movement and non-convergence of chaotic theory play an important role. The proposed scheme is resistant to different attacks on the cipher image. Different tests have been applied to evaluate the proposed technique. The results of the tests such as key space analysis, key sensitivity analysis, and information entropy, histogram correlation of the adjacent pixels, number of pixel change rate (NPCR), peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), and unified average changing intensity (UCAI) showed that our proposed scheme is an efficient encryption technique. The proposed approach is also compared with some state-of-the-art image encryption techniques. In the view of statistical analysis, we claim that our proposed encryption algorithm is secured.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/12/4359tent chaotic mapHill cipherorthogonal matrixHenon mappeak signal to noise ratio (PSNR)number of pixel change rate (NPCR) |
| spellingShingle | Shamsa Kanwal Saba Inam Mohamed Tahar Ben Othman Ayesha Waqar Muhammad Ibrahim Fariha Nawaz Zainab Nawaz Habib Hamam An Effective Color Image Encryption Based on Henon Map, Tent Chaotic Map, and Orthogonal Matrices Sensors tent chaotic map Hill cipher orthogonal matrix Henon map peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) number of pixel change rate (NPCR) |
| title | An Effective Color Image Encryption Based on Henon Map, Tent Chaotic Map, and Orthogonal Matrices |
| title_full | An Effective Color Image Encryption Based on Henon Map, Tent Chaotic Map, and Orthogonal Matrices |
| title_fullStr | An Effective Color Image Encryption Based on Henon Map, Tent Chaotic Map, and Orthogonal Matrices |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Effective Color Image Encryption Based on Henon Map, Tent Chaotic Map, and Orthogonal Matrices |
| title_short | An Effective Color Image Encryption Based on Henon Map, Tent Chaotic Map, and Orthogonal Matrices |
| title_sort | effective color image encryption based on henon map tent chaotic map and orthogonal matrices |
| topic | tent chaotic map Hill cipher orthogonal matrix Henon map peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) number of pixel change rate (NPCR) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/12/4359 |
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