Myosin Motors: Novel Regulators and Therapeutic Targets in Colorectal Cancer
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains the third most common cause of cancer and the second most common cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Clinicians are largely faced with advanced and metastatic disease for which few interventions are available. One poorly understood aspect of CRC involves altered organiz...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/4/741 |
| _version_ | 1797411468797280256 |
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| author | Nayden G. Naydenov Susana Lechuga Emina H. Huang Andrei I. Ivanov |
| author_facet | Nayden G. Naydenov Susana Lechuga Emina H. Huang Andrei I. Ivanov |
| author_sort | Nayden G. Naydenov |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains the third most common cause of cancer and the second most common cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Clinicians are largely faced with advanced and metastatic disease for which few interventions are available. One poorly understood aspect of CRC involves altered organization of the actin cytoskeleton, especially at the metastatic stage of the disease. Myosin motors are crucial regulators of actin cytoskeletal architecture and remodeling. They act as mechanosensors of the tumor environments and control key cellular processes linked to oncogenesis, including cell division, extracellular matrix adhesion and tissue invasion. Different myosins play either oncogenic or tumor suppressor roles in breast, lung and prostate cancer; however, little is known about their functions in CRC. This review focuses on the functional roles of myosins in colon cancer development. We discuss the most studied class of myosins, class II (conventional) myosins, as well as several classes (I, V, VI, X and XVIII) of unconventional myosins that have been linked to CRC development. Altered expression and mutations of these motors in clinical tumor samples and their roles in CRC growth and metastasis are described. We also evaluate the potential of using small molecular modulators of myosin activity to develop novel anticancer therapies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:45:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-074d93c292544e15964bb76bf41c2d4c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:45:33Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-074d93c292544e15964bb76bf41c2d4c2023-12-03T13:15:31ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942021-02-0113474110.3390/cancers13040741Myosin Motors: Novel Regulators and Therapeutic Targets in Colorectal CancerNayden G. Naydenov0Susana Lechuga1Emina H. Huang2Andrei I. Ivanov3Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USADepartment of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USADepartments of Cancer Biology and Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USADepartment of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USAColorectal cancer (CRC) remains the third most common cause of cancer and the second most common cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Clinicians are largely faced with advanced and metastatic disease for which few interventions are available. One poorly understood aspect of CRC involves altered organization of the actin cytoskeleton, especially at the metastatic stage of the disease. Myosin motors are crucial regulators of actin cytoskeletal architecture and remodeling. They act as mechanosensors of the tumor environments and control key cellular processes linked to oncogenesis, including cell division, extracellular matrix adhesion and tissue invasion. Different myosins play either oncogenic or tumor suppressor roles in breast, lung and prostate cancer; however, little is known about their functions in CRC. This review focuses on the functional roles of myosins in colon cancer development. We discuss the most studied class of myosins, class II (conventional) myosins, as well as several classes (I, V, VI, X and XVIII) of unconventional myosins that have been linked to CRC development. Altered expression and mutations of these motors in clinical tumor samples and their roles in CRC growth and metastasis are described. We also evaluate the potential of using small molecular modulators of myosin activity to develop novel anticancer therapies.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/4/741actin cytoskeletonmotor proteinstumor growthvesicle traffickingmatrix adhesionmigration |
| spellingShingle | Nayden G. Naydenov Susana Lechuga Emina H. Huang Andrei I. Ivanov Myosin Motors: Novel Regulators and Therapeutic Targets in Colorectal Cancer Cancers actin cytoskeleton motor proteins tumor growth vesicle trafficking matrix adhesion migration |
| title | Myosin Motors: Novel Regulators and Therapeutic Targets in Colorectal Cancer |
| title_full | Myosin Motors: Novel Regulators and Therapeutic Targets in Colorectal Cancer |
| title_fullStr | Myosin Motors: Novel Regulators and Therapeutic Targets in Colorectal Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Myosin Motors: Novel Regulators and Therapeutic Targets in Colorectal Cancer |
| title_short | Myosin Motors: Novel Regulators and Therapeutic Targets in Colorectal Cancer |
| title_sort | myosin motors novel regulators and therapeutic targets in colorectal cancer |
| topic | actin cytoskeleton motor proteins tumor growth vesicle trafficking matrix adhesion migration |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/4/741 |
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