Is there any incremental benefit to conducting neuroimaging and neurocognitive assessments in the diagnosis of ADHD in young children? A machine learning investigation
Given the negative trajectories of early behavior problems associated with ADHD, early diagnosis is considered critical to enable intervention and treatment. To this end, the current investigation employed machine learning to evaluate the relative predictive value of parent/teacher ratings, behavior...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878929321000578 |
| _version_ | 1818441321951526912 |
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| author | Ilke Öztekin Mark A. Finlayson Paulo A. Graziano Anthony S. Dick |
| author_facet | Ilke Öztekin Mark A. Finlayson Paulo A. Graziano Anthony S. Dick |
| author_sort | Ilke Öztekin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Given the negative trajectories of early behavior problems associated with ADHD, early diagnosis is considered critical to enable intervention and treatment. To this end, the current investigation employed machine learning to evaluate the relative predictive value of parent/teacher ratings, behavioral and neural measures of executive function (EF) in predicting ADHD in a sample consisting of 162 young children (ages 4–7, mean age 5.55, 82.6 % Hispanic/Latino). Among the target measures, teacher ratings of EF were the most predictive of ADHD. While a more extensive evaluation of neural measures, such as diffusion-weighted imaging, may provide more information as they relate to the underlying cognitive deficits associated with ADHD, the current study indicates that measures of cortical anatomy obtained in research studies, as well cognitive measures of EF often obtained in routine assessments, have little incremental value in differentiating typically developing children from those diagnosed with ADHD. It is important to note that the overlap between some of the EF questions in the BRIEF, and the ADHD symptoms could be enhancing this effect. Thus, future research evaluating the importance of such measures in predicting children’s functional impairment in academic and social areas would provide additional insight into their contributing role in ADHD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T18:26:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0757d8d6f11a419da5ea863b9580c53c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1878-9293 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T18:26:24Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-0757d8d6f11a419da5ea863b9580c53c2022-12-21T22:51:55ZengElsevierDevelopmental Cognitive Neuroscience1878-92932021-06-0149100966Is there any incremental benefit to conducting neuroimaging and neurocognitive assessments in the diagnosis of ADHD in young children? A machine learning investigationIlke Öztekin0Mark A. Finlayson1Paulo A. Graziano2Anthony S. Dick3Corresponding author at: Center for Children and Families, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL, 33199, United States.; Florida International University, United StatesFlorida International University, United StatesFlorida International University, United StatesFlorida International University, United StatesGiven the negative trajectories of early behavior problems associated with ADHD, early diagnosis is considered critical to enable intervention and treatment. To this end, the current investigation employed machine learning to evaluate the relative predictive value of parent/teacher ratings, behavioral and neural measures of executive function (EF) in predicting ADHD in a sample consisting of 162 young children (ages 4–7, mean age 5.55, 82.6 % Hispanic/Latino). Among the target measures, teacher ratings of EF were the most predictive of ADHD. While a more extensive evaluation of neural measures, such as diffusion-weighted imaging, may provide more information as they relate to the underlying cognitive deficits associated with ADHD, the current study indicates that measures of cortical anatomy obtained in research studies, as well cognitive measures of EF often obtained in routine assessments, have little incremental value in differentiating typically developing children from those diagnosed with ADHD. It is important to note that the overlap between some of the EF questions in the BRIEF, and the ADHD symptoms could be enhancing this effect. Thus, future research evaluating the importance of such measures in predicting children’s functional impairment in academic and social areas would provide additional insight into their contributing role in ADHD.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878929321000578ADHDExecutive functionBrain imagingPattern analysisMachine learning |
| spellingShingle | Ilke Öztekin Mark A. Finlayson Paulo A. Graziano Anthony S. Dick Is there any incremental benefit to conducting neuroimaging and neurocognitive assessments in the diagnosis of ADHD in young children? A machine learning investigation Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience ADHD Executive function Brain imaging Pattern analysis Machine learning |
| title | Is there any incremental benefit to conducting neuroimaging and neurocognitive assessments in the diagnosis of ADHD in young children? A machine learning investigation |
| title_full | Is there any incremental benefit to conducting neuroimaging and neurocognitive assessments in the diagnosis of ADHD in young children? A machine learning investigation |
| title_fullStr | Is there any incremental benefit to conducting neuroimaging and neurocognitive assessments in the diagnosis of ADHD in young children? A machine learning investigation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Is there any incremental benefit to conducting neuroimaging and neurocognitive assessments in the diagnosis of ADHD in young children? A machine learning investigation |
| title_short | Is there any incremental benefit to conducting neuroimaging and neurocognitive assessments in the diagnosis of ADHD in young children? A machine learning investigation |
| title_sort | is there any incremental benefit to conducting neuroimaging and neurocognitive assessments in the diagnosis of adhd in young children a machine learning investigation |
| topic | ADHD Executive function Brain imaging Pattern analysis Machine learning |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878929321000578 |
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