| Summary: | <h4>Background</h4> Reduced free thiols in plasma are indicative of oxidative stress, which is an important contributor to ischaemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in kidney transplantation leading to kidney damage and possibly delayed graft function (DGF). In a post-hoc, exploratory analysis of the randomised controlled CONTEXT trial, we investigated whether higher (i.e. less oxidised) plasma levels of free thiols as a biomarker of reduced oxidative stress are associated with a better initial graft function or a higher GFR. <h4>Methods</h4> Free thiol levels were measured in plasma at baseline, 30 and 90 minutes after reperfusion of the kidney as well as at Day 1, Day 5 and twelve months after kidney transplantation in 217 patients from the CONTEXT study. Free thiol levels were compared to the kidney graft function measured as the estimated time to a 50% reduction in plasma creatinine (tCr50), the risk of DGF and measured GFR (mGFR) at Day 5 and twelve months after transplantation. <h4>Results</h4> Higher levels of free thiols at Day 1 and Day 5 are associated with higher mGFR at Day 5 (p<0.001, r2adj. = 0.16; p<0.001, r2adj. = 0.25), as well as with mGFR at twelve months (p<0.001, r2adj. = 0.20; p<0.001, r2adj. = 0.16). However, plasma levels of free thiols at 30 minutes and 90 minutes, but not Day 1, were significantly higher among patients experiencing DGF. <h4>Conclusion</h4> Higher levels of plasma free thiols at Day 1 and Day 5, which are reflective of lower levels of oxidative stress, are associated with better early and late graft function in recipients of a kidney graft from deceased donors. <h4>Trial registration</h4> ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT01395719.
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