Exploring the Temporal Dynamics of the Fungal Microbiome in Rootstocks, the Lesser-Known Half of the Grapevine Crop
Rootstocks are the link between the soil and scion in grapevines, can provide tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses, and regulate yield and grape quality. The vascular system of grapevine rootstocks in nurseries is still an underexplored niche for research, despite its potential for hosting benef...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Journal of Fungi |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/5/421 |
| _version_ | 1797498711596597248 |
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| author | David Gramaje Aleš Eichmeier Milan Spetik María Julia Carbone Rebeca Bujanda Jessica Vallance Patrice Rey |
| author_facet | David Gramaje Aleš Eichmeier Milan Spetik María Julia Carbone Rebeca Bujanda Jessica Vallance Patrice Rey |
| author_sort | David Gramaje |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Rootstocks are the link between the soil and scion in grapevines, can provide tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses, and regulate yield and grape quality. The vascular system of grapevine rootstocks in nurseries is still an underexplored niche for research, despite its potential for hosting beneficial and pathogenic microorganisms. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in the composition of fungal communities in 110 Richter and 41 Berlandieri rootstocks at four stages of the grapevine propagation process. Taxonomic analysis revealed that the fungal community predominantly consisted of phylum Ascomycota in all stages of the propagation process. The alpha-diversity of fungal communities differed among sampling times for both rootstocks, with richness and fungal diversity in the vascular system decreasing through the propagation process. The core microbiome was composed of the genera <i>Cadophora</i>, <i>Cladosporium</i>, <i>Penicillium</i> and <i>Alternaria</i> in both rootstocks, while the pathogenic genus <i>Neofusicoccum</i> was identified as a persistent taxon throughout the propagation process. FUNguild analysis showed that the relative abundance of plant pathogens associated with trunk diseases increased towards the last stage in nurseries. Fungal communities in the vascular system of grapevine rootstocks differed between the different stages of the propagation process in nurseries. Numerous genera associated with potential biocontrol activity and grapevine trunk diseases were identified. Understanding the large diversity of fungi in the rootstock vascular tissue and the interactions between fungal microbiota and grapevine will help to develop sustainable strategies for grapevine protection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:37:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-07bbf838d6ea4491bcc9722aa3947c82 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:37:16Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Fungi |
| spelling | doaj.art-07bbf838d6ea4491bcc9722aa3947c822023-11-23T11:40:48ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2022-04-018542110.3390/jof8050421Exploring the Temporal Dynamics of the Fungal Microbiome in Rootstocks, the Lesser-Known Half of the Grapevine CropDavid Gramaje0Aleš Eichmeier1Milan Spetik2María Julia Carbone3Rebeca Bujanda4Jessica Vallance5Patrice Rey6Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (ICVV), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de la Rioja, Gobierno de La Rioja, Ctra. LO-20 Salida 13, Finca La Grajera, 26071 Logroño, SpainFaculty of Horticulture, Mendeleum—Institute of Genetics, Mendel University in Brno, Valticka 334, 69144 Lednice, Czech RepublicFaculty of Horticulture, Mendeleum—Institute of Genetics, Mendel University in Brno, Valticka 334, 69144 Lednice, Czech RepublicDepartamento de Protección Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 12900, UruguayInstituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (ICVV), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de la Rioja, Gobierno de La Rioja, Ctra. LO-20 Salida 13, Finca La Grajera, 26071 Logroño, SpainBordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, SAVE, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, FranceBordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, SAVE, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, FranceRootstocks are the link between the soil and scion in grapevines, can provide tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses, and regulate yield and grape quality. The vascular system of grapevine rootstocks in nurseries is still an underexplored niche for research, despite its potential for hosting beneficial and pathogenic microorganisms. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in the composition of fungal communities in 110 Richter and 41 Berlandieri rootstocks at four stages of the grapevine propagation process. Taxonomic analysis revealed that the fungal community predominantly consisted of phylum Ascomycota in all stages of the propagation process. The alpha-diversity of fungal communities differed among sampling times for both rootstocks, with richness and fungal diversity in the vascular system decreasing through the propagation process. The core microbiome was composed of the genera <i>Cadophora</i>, <i>Cladosporium</i>, <i>Penicillium</i> and <i>Alternaria</i> in both rootstocks, while the pathogenic genus <i>Neofusicoccum</i> was identified as a persistent taxon throughout the propagation process. FUNguild analysis showed that the relative abundance of plant pathogens associated with trunk diseases increased towards the last stage in nurseries. Fungal communities in the vascular system of grapevine rootstocks differed between the different stages of the propagation process in nurseries. Numerous genera associated with potential biocontrol activity and grapevine trunk diseases were identified. Understanding the large diversity of fungi in the rootstock vascular tissue and the interactions between fungal microbiota and grapevine will help to develop sustainable strategies for grapevine protection.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/5/421culture-independent analysisfungal microbiomegrapevine nurserygrapevine trunk diseaseshigh-throughput amplicon sequencing<i>Vitis vinifera</i> |
| spellingShingle | David Gramaje Aleš Eichmeier Milan Spetik María Julia Carbone Rebeca Bujanda Jessica Vallance Patrice Rey Exploring the Temporal Dynamics of the Fungal Microbiome in Rootstocks, the Lesser-Known Half of the Grapevine Crop Journal of Fungi culture-independent analysis fungal microbiome grapevine nursery grapevine trunk diseases high-throughput amplicon sequencing <i>Vitis vinifera</i> |
| title | Exploring the Temporal Dynamics of the Fungal Microbiome in Rootstocks, the Lesser-Known Half of the Grapevine Crop |
| title_full | Exploring the Temporal Dynamics of the Fungal Microbiome in Rootstocks, the Lesser-Known Half of the Grapevine Crop |
| title_fullStr | Exploring the Temporal Dynamics of the Fungal Microbiome in Rootstocks, the Lesser-Known Half of the Grapevine Crop |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring the Temporal Dynamics of the Fungal Microbiome in Rootstocks, the Lesser-Known Half of the Grapevine Crop |
| title_short | Exploring the Temporal Dynamics of the Fungal Microbiome in Rootstocks, the Lesser-Known Half of the Grapevine Crop |
| title_sort | exploring the temporal dynamics of the fungal microbiome in rootstocks the lesser known half of the grapevine crop |
| topic | culture-independent analysis fungal microbiome grapevine nursery grapevine trunk diseases high-throughput amplicon sequencing <i>Vitis vinifera</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/5/421 |
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