Fundamentals and applications of enzyme powered micro/nano-motors
Micro/nanomotors (MNMs) are miniaturized machines that can convert many kinds of energy into mechanical motion. Over the past decades, a variety of driving mechanisms have been developed, which have greatly extended the application scenarios of MNMs. Enzymes exist in natural organisms which can conv...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Bioactive Materials |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452199X20303133 |
| _version_ | 1797204026969817088 |
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| author | Hao Yuan Xiaoxia Liu Liying Wang Xing Ma |
| author_facet | Hao Yuan Xiaoxia Liu Liying Wang Xing Ma |
| author_sort | Hao Yuan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Micro/nanomotors (MNMs) are miniaturized machines that can convert many kinds of energy into mechanical motion. Over the past decades, a variety of driving mechanisms have been developed, which have greatly extended the application scenarios of MNMs. Enzymes exist in natural organisms which can convert chemical energy into mechanical force. It is an innovative attempt to utilize enzymes as biocatalyst providing driving force for MNMs. The fuels for enzymatic reactions are biofriendly as compared to traditional counterparts, which makes enzyme-powered micro/nanomotors (EMNMs) of great value in biomedical field for their nature of biocompatibility. Until now, EMNMs with various shapes can be propelled by catalase, urease and many others. Also, they can be endowed with multiple functionalities to accomplish on-demand tasks. Herein, combined with the development process of EMNMs, we are committed to present a comprehensive understanding of EMNMs, including their types, propelling principles, and potential applications. In this review, we will introduce single enzyme that can be used as motor, enzyme powered molecule motors and other micro/nano-architectures. The fundamental mechanism of energy conversion process of EMNMs and crucial factors that affect their movement behavior will be discussed. The current progress of proof-of-concept applications of EMNMs will also be elaborated in detail. At last, we will summarize and prospect the opportunities and challenges that EMNMs will face in their future development. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T08:28:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-07d0bd12468a41c0b0585e61614a6d6f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2452-199X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T08:28:41Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Bioactive Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-07d0bd12468a41c0b0585e61614a6d6f2024-04-16T20:42:39ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Bioactive Materials2452-199X2021-06-016617271749Fundamentals and applications of enzyme powered micro/nano-motorsHao Yuan0Xiaoxia Liu1Liying Wang2Xing Ma3Flexible Printed Electronic Technology Center and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, ChinaFlexible Printed Electronic Technology Center and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, ChinaFlexible Printed Electronic Technology Center and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, ChinaFlexible Printed Electronic Technology Center and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China; Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, No. 9 Duxue Road, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Key Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructures Manufacturing, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China; Corresponding author. Flexible Printed Electronic Technology Center and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China.Micro/nanomotors (MNMs) are miniaturized machines that can convert many kinds of energy into mechanical motion. Over the past decades, a variety of driving mechanisms have been developed, which have greatly extended the application scenarios of MNMs. Enzymes exist in natural organisms which can convert chemical energy into mechanical force. It is an innovative attempt to utilize enzymes as biocatalyst providing driving force for MNMs. The fuels for enzymatic reactions are biofriendly as compared to traditional counterparts, which makes enzyme-powered micro/nanomotors (EMNMs) of great value in biomedical field for their nature of biocompatibility. Until now, EMNMs with various shapes can be propelled by catalase, urease and many others. Also, they can be endowed with multiple functionalities to accomplish on-demand tasks. Herein, combined with the development process of EMNMs, we are committed to present a comprehensive understanding of EMNMs, including their types, propelling principles, and potential applications. In this review, we will introduce single enzyme that can be used as motor, enzyme powered molecule motors and other micro/nano-architectures. The fundamental mechanism of energy conversion process of EMNMs and crucial factors that affect their movement behavior will be discussed. The current progress of proof-of-concept applications of EMNMs will also be elaborated in detail. At last, we will summarize and prospect the opportunities and challenges that EMNMs will face in their future development.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452199X20303133Micro/nano-motorsEnzymesBio-catalytic reactionsActive motionSelf-propulsion mechanism |
| spellingShingle | Hao Yuan Xiaoxia Liu Liying Wang Xing Ma Fundamentals and applications of enzyme powered micro/nano-motors Bioactive Materials Micro/nano-motors Enzymes Bio-catalytic reactions Active motion Self-propulsion mechanism |
| title | Fundamentals and applications of enzyme powered micro/nano-motors |
| title_full | Fundamentals and applications of enzyme powered micro/nano-motors |
| title_fullStr | Fundamentals and applications of enzyme powered micro/nano-motors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fundamentals and applications of enzyme powered micro/nano-motors |
| title_short | Fundamentals and applications of enzyme powered micro/nano-motors |
| title_sort | fundamentals and applications of enzyme powered micro nano motors |
| topic | Micro/nano-motors Enzymes Bio-catalytic reactions Active motion Self-propulsion mechanism |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452199X20303133 |
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