An Ultracompact Single‐Ferroelectric Field‐Effect Transistor Binary and Multibit Associative Search Engine
Content addressable memory (CAM) is widely used in associative search tasks due to its parallel pattern matching capability. As more complex and data‐intensive tasks emerge, it is becoming increasingly important to enhance CAM density for improved performance and better area efficiency. To reduce th...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Advanced Intelligent Systems |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202200428 |
| _version_ | 1797773117295165440 |
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| author | Xunzhao Yin Franz Müller Qingrong Huang Chao Li Mohsen Imani Zeyu Yang Jiahao Cai Maximilian Lederer Ricardo Olivo Nellie Laleni Shan Deng Zijian Zhao Zhiguo Shi Yiyu Shi Cheng Zhuo Thomas Kämpfe Kai Ni |
| author_facet | Xunzhao Yin Franz Müller Qingrong Huang Chao Li Mohsen Imani Zeyu Yang Jiahao Cai Maximilian Lederer Ricardo Olivo Nellie Laleni Shan Deng Zijian Zhao Zhiguo Shi Yiyu Shi Cheng Zhuo Thomas Kämpfe Kai Ni |
| author_sort | Xunzhao Yin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Content addressable memory (CAM) is widely used in associative search tasks due to its parallel pattern matching capability. As more complex and data‐intensive tasks emerge, it is becoming increasingly important to enhance CAM density for improved performance and better area efficiency. To reduce the area overheads, various nonvolatile memory (NVM) devices, such as ferroelectric field‐effect transistors (FeFETs), are used in CAM design. Herein, a novel ultracompact 1FeFET CAM design that enables parallel associative search and in‐memory hamming distance calculation is used, as well as a multibit CAM for exact search using the same CAM cell. The proposed CAM design leverages the 1FeFET1R structure, and compact device designs that integrate the series resistor current limiter into the intrinsic FeFET structure are demonstrated to turn the 1FeFET1R structure into an effective 1FeFET cell. A two‐step search operation of the proposed binary and multibit 1FeFET CAM array through both experiments and simulations is proposed, showing a sufficient sensing margin despite unoptimized FeFET device variation. In genome pattern matching applications, using the hyperdimensional computing paradigm, the design results in a 89.9× speedup and 66.5× improvement in energy efficiency over the state‐of‐the‐art alignment tools on GPU. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T22:01:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-07d138d60c7945faa946c5abfa47c2f0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2640-4567 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T22:01:41Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Advanced Intelligent Systems |
| spelling | doaj.art-07d138d60c7945faa946c5abfa47c2f02023-07-25T05:32:26ZengWileyAdvanced Intelligent Systems2640-45672023-07-0157n/an/a10.1002/aisy.202200428An Ultracompact Single‐Ferroelectric Field‐Effect Transistor Binary and Multibit Associative Search EngineXunzhao Yin0Franz Müller1Qingrong Huang2Chao Li3Mohsen Imani4Zeyu Yang5Jiahao Cai6Maximilian Lederer7Ricardo Olivo8Nellie Laleni9Shan Deng10Zijian Zhao11Zhiguo Shi12Yiyu Shi13Cheng Zhuo14Thomas Kämpfe15Kai Ni16College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 ChinaIPMS Fraunhofer Center Nanoelectronic Technologies 01109 Dresden GermanyCollege of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 ChinaCollege of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 ChinaDepartment of Computer Science University of California Irvine Irvine 92697 USACollege of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 ChinaCollege of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 ChinaIPMS Fraunhofer Center Nanoelectronic Technologies 01109 Dresden GermanyIPMS Fraunhofer Center Nanoelectronic Technologies 01109 Dresden GermanyIPMS Fraunhofer Center Nanoelectronic Technologies 01109 Dresden GermanyDepartment of Electrical and Microelectronic Engineering Rochester Institute of Technology Rochester 14623 USADepartment of Electrical and Microelectronic Engineering Rochester Institute of Technology Rochester 14623 USACollege of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 ChinaDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering University of Notre Dame Notre Dame 46556 USASchool of Micro‐Nano Electronics Zhejiang University ZJU‐Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Hangzhou 311200 ChinaIPMS Fraunhofer Center Nanoelectronic Technologies 01109 Dresden GermanyDepartment of Electrical and Microelectronic Engineering Rochester Institute of Technology Rochester 14623 USAContent addressable memory (CAM) is widely used in associative search tasks due to its parallel pattern matching capability. As more complex and data‐intensive tasks emerge, it is becoming increasingly important to enhance CAM density for improved performance and better area efficiency. To reduce the area overheads, various nonvolatile memory (NVM) devices, such as ferroelectric field‐effect transistors (FeFETs), are used in CAM design. Herein, a novel ultracompact 1FeFET CAM design that enables parallel associative search and in‐memory hamming distance calculation is used, as well as a multibit CAM for exact search using the same CAM cell. The proposed CAM design leverages the 1FeFET1R structure, and compact device designs that integrate the series resistor current limiter into the intrinsic FeFET structure are demonstrated to turn the 1FeFET1R structure into an effective 1FeFET cell. A two‐step search operation of the proposed binary and multibit 1FeFET CAM array through both experiments and simulations is proposed, showing a sufficient sensing margin despite unoptimized FeFET device variation. In genome pattern matching applications, using the hyperdimensional computing paradigm, the design results in a 89.9× speedup and 66.5× improvement in energy efficiency over the state‐of‐the‐art alignment tools on GPU.https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202200428associative searchcompute-in-memorycontent addressable memoryferroelectric field effect transistorhyperdimensional computing |
| spellingShingle | Xunzhao Yin Franz Müller Qingrong Huang Chao Li Mohsen Imani Zeyu Yang Jiahao Cai Maximilian Lederer Ricardo Olivo Nellie Laleni Shan Deng Zijian Zhao Zhiguo Shi Yiyu Shi Cheng Zhuo Thomas Kämpfe Kai Ni An Ultracompact Single‐Ferroelectric Field‐Effect Transistor Binary and Multibit Associative Search Engine Advanced Intelligent Systems associative search compute-in-memory content addressable memory ferroelectric field effect transistor hyperdimensional computing |
| title | An Ultracompact Single‐Ferroelectric Field‐Effect Transistor Binary and Multibit Associative Search Engine |
| title_full | An Ultracompact Single‐Ferroelectric Field‐Effect Transistor Binary and Multibit Associative Search Engine |
| title_fullStr | An Ultracompact Single‐Ferroelectric Field‐Effect Transistor Binary and Multibit Associative Search Engine |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Ultracompact Single‐Ferroelectric Field‐Effect Transistor Binary and Multibit Associative Search Engine |
| title_short | An Ultracompact Single‐Ferroelectric Field‐Effect Transistor Binary and Multibit Associative Search Engine |
| title_sort | ultracompact single ferroelectric field effect transistor binary and multibit associative search engine |
| topic | associative search compute-in-memory content addressable memory ferroelectric field effect transistor hyperdimensional computing |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202200428 |
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