Antimicrobial Resistance among Beta-Hemolytic <i>Streptococcus</i> in Brazil: An Overview
<i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i>, <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> and <i>Streptococcus dysgalactiae</i> subsp. <i>equisimilis</i> (<i>SDSE</i>) are the beta-hemolytic streptococci species with the most clinical relevance to humans. These speci...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/8/973 |
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| author | Rosana Rocha Barros |
| author_facet | Rosana Rocha Barros |
| author_sort | Rosana Rocha Barros |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i>, <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> and <i>Streptococcus dysgalactiae</i> subsp. <i>equisimilis</i> (<i>SDSE</i>) are the beta-hemolytic streptococci species with the most clinical relevance to humans. These species are responsible for several infections, ranging from mild to life-threatening diseases. Although resistance to recommended drugs has not been so critical as detected in other species, it has occurred in diverse regions. In Brazil, it is possible to observe an increasing macrolide and lincosamide resistance trend due to the spread of polyclonal strains. Macrolide–lincosamide–streptogramin B (MLS) resistance phenotypes have been prevalent among <i>S.</i> <i>agalactiae</i> and <i>S.</i> <i>pyogenes</i>, while M phenotype (resistance only to macrolides) has prevailed among <i>SDSE</i> resistant isolates. Fluoroquinolone resistance is rare in this country, reported only in <i>S.</i><i>agalactiae</i> and <i>S.</i><i>pyogenes</i>. This is due to nucleotide substitutions in <i>gyrA</i> and <i>parC</i> genes. Reduced penicillin susceptibility and vancomycin resistance, detected in other regions, have not yet been reported in Brazil. Tetracycline is not a therapeutical option, and resistance has occurred at high levels, especially among <i>S.</i><i>agalactiae</i>. These findings highlight the need for continuous monitoring in order to track the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance among beta-hemolytic streptococci species circulating in this country. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:02:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-07d51232b8994054b6dad72c619f82ff |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:02:57Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-07d51232b8994054b6dad72c619f82ff2023-11-22T06:34:05ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822021-08-0110897310.3390/antibiotics10080973Antimicrobial Resistance among Beta-Hemolytic <i>Streptococcus</i> in Brazil: An OverviewRosana Rocha Barros0Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24210-130, Brazil<i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i>, <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> and <i>Streptococcus dysgalactiae</i> subsp. <i>equisimilis</i> (<i>SDSE</i>) are the beta-hemolytic streptococci species with the most clinical relevance to humans. These species are responsible for several infections, ranging from mild to life-threatening diseases. Although resistance to recommended drugs has not been so critical as detected in other species, it has occurred in diverse regions. In Brazil, it is possible to observe an increasing macrolide and lincosamide resistance trend due to the spread of polyclonal strains. Macrolide–lincosamide–streptogramin B (MLS) resistance phenotypes have been prevalent among <i>S.</i> <i>agalactiae</i> and <i>S.</i> <i>pyogenes</i>, while M phenotype (resistance only to macrolides) has prevailed among <i>SDSE</i> resistant isolates. Fluoroquinolone resistance is rare in this country, reported only in <i>S.</i><i>agalactiae</i> and <i>S.</i><i>pyogenes</i>. This is due to nucleotide substitutions in <i>gyrA</i> and <i>parC</i> genes. Reduced penicillin susceptibility and vancomycin resistance, detected in other regions, have not yet been reported in Brazil. Tetracycline is not a therapeutical option, and resistance has occurred at high levels, especially among <i>S.</i><i>agalactiae</i>. These findings highlight the need for continuous monitoring in order to track the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance among beta-hemolytic streptococci species circulating in this country.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/8/973<i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i><i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i><i>Streptococcus dysgalactiae</i> subsp. <i>equisimilis</i> (<i>SDSE</i>)beta-hemolytic streptococciantimicrobial resistanceBrazil |
| spellingShingle | Rosana Rocha Barros Antimicrobial Resistance among Beta-Hemolytic <i>Streptococcus</i> in Brazil: An Overview Antibiotics <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> <i>Streptococcus dysgalactiae</i> subsp. <i>equisimilis</i> (<i>SDSE</i>) beta-hemolytic streptococci antimicrobial resistance Brazil |
| title | Antimicrobial Resistance among Beta-Hemolytic <i>Streptococcus</i> in Brazil: An Overview |
| title_full | Antimicrobial Resistance among Beta-Hemolytic <i>Streptococcus</i> in Brazil: An Overview |
| title_fullStr | Antimicrobial Resistance among Beta-Hemolytic <i>Streptococcus</i> in Brazil: An Overview |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antimicrobial Resistance among Beta-Hemolytic <i>Streptococcus</i> in Brazil: An Overview |
| title_short | Antimicrobial Resistance among Beta-Hemolytic <i>Streptococcus</i> in Brazil: An Overview |
| title_sort | antimicrobial resistance among beta hemolytic i streptococcus i in brazil an overview |
| topic | <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> <i>Streptococcus dysgalactiae</i> subsp. <i>equisimilis</i> (<i>SDSE</i>) beta-hemolytic streptococci antimicrobial resistance Brazil |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/8/973 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT rosanarochabarros antimicrobialresistanceamongbetahemolyticistreptococcusiinbrazilanoverview |