Phase Transitions of Polarised PVDF Films in a Standard Curing Process for Composites
The article reports on the influence of annealing PVDF in an autoclave process on the PVDF phase composition. DSC, FTIR and XRD measurements serve to observe the phase changes in an already stretched, polarised and β-phase rich film. Annealing was conducted between 90 and 185 <inline-formula>&...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/22/3900 |
| _version_ | 1797508630964076544 |
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| author | Nils Vasic Julian Steinmetz Marion Görke Michael Sinapius Christian Hühne Georg Garnweitner |
| author_facet | Nils Vasic Julian Steinmetz Marion Görke Michael Sinapius Christian Hühne Georg Garnweitner |
| author_sort | Nils Vasic |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The article reports on the influence of annealing PVDF in an autoclave process on the PVDF phase composition. DSC, FTIR and XRD measurements serve to observe the phase changes in an already stretched, polarised and β-phase rich film. Annealing was conducted between 90 and 185 <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msup><mrow></mrow><mo>∘</mo></msup><mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> to cover a broad range of curing processes in an autoclave. The β-phase is found to be stable up to near the melting range at 170 <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msup><mrow></mrow><mo>∘</mo></msup><mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>. At 175 <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msup><mrow></mrow><mo>∘</mo></msup><mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, the non-piezoelectric α-phase dominates and the piezoelectric γ- and γ′-phases appear. The γ-phase grows at elevated temperatures and replaces the β-phase. This observation stresses the importance of developing new methods to reactivate the polarisation after annealing, in particular for the integration of PVDF as a sensor in laminated structures, such as CFRP. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:06:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-07dda8566056480fa04abc47751d3c88 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:06:38Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-07dda8566056480fa04abc47751d3c882023-11-23T01:08:26ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602021-11-011322390010.3390/polym13223900Phase Transitions of Polarised PVDF Films in a Standard Curing Process for CompositesNils Vasic0Julian Steinmetz1Marion Görke2Michael Sinapius3Christian Hühne4Georg Garnweitner5Institute of Mechanics and Adaptronics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, GermanyInstitute of Mechanics and Adaptronics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, GermanyInstitute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38104 Braunschweig, GermanyInstitute of Mechanics and Adaptronics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, GermanyInstitute of Mechanics and Adaptronics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, GermanyInstitute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38104 Braunschweig, GermanyThe article reports on the influence of annealing PVDF in an autoclave process on the PVDF phase composition. DSC, FTIR and XRD measurements serve to observe the phase changes in an already stretched, polarised and β-phase rich film. Annealing was conducted between 90 and 185 <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msup><mrow></mrow><mo>∘</mo></msup><mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> to cover a broad range of curing processes in an autoclave. The β-phase is found to be stable up to near the melting range at 170 <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msup><mrow></mrow><mo>∘</mo></msup><mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>. At 175 <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msup><mrow></mrow><mo>∘</mo></msup><mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, the non-piezoelectric α-phase dominates and the piezoelectric γ- and γ′-phases appear. The γ-phase grows at elevated temperatures and replaces the β-phase. This observation stresses the importance of developing new methods to reactivate the polarisation after annealing, in particular for the integration of PVDF as a sensor in laminated structures, such as CFRP.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/22/3900pvdfelectroactive polymercomposite structures |
| spellingShingle | Nils Vasic Julian Steinmetz Marion Görke Michael Sinapius Christian Hühne Georg Garnweitner Phase Transitions of Polarised PVDF Films in a Standard Curing Process for Composites Polymers pvdf electroactive polymer composite structures |
| title | Phase Transitions of Polarised PVDF Films in a Standard Curing Process for Composites |
| title_full | Phase Transitions of Polarised PVDF Films in a Standard Curing Process for Composites |
| title_fullStr | Phase Transitions of Polarised PVDF Films in a Standard Curing Process for Composites |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phase Transitions of Polarised PVDF Films in a Standard Curing Process for Composites |
| title_short | Phase Transitions of Polarised PVDF Films in a Standard Curing Process for Composites |
| title_sort | phase transitions of polarised pvdf films in a standard curing process for composites |
| topic | pvdf electroactive polymer composite structures |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/22/3900 |
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