Antisense Transcripts and Antisense Protein: A New Perspective on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1
It was first predicted in 1988 that there may be an Open Reading Frame (ORF) on the negative strand of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) genome that could encode a protein named AntiSense Protein (ASP). In spite of some controversy, reports began to emerge some years later describing t...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2020.625941/full |
| _version_ | 1818591851808030720 |
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| author | Juliette Savoret Jean-Michel Mesnard Antoine Gross Nathalie Chazal |
| author_facet | Juliette Savoret Jean-Michel Mesnard Antoine Gross Nathalie Chazal |
| author_sort | Juliette Savoret |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | It was first predicted in 1988 that there may be an Open Reading Frame (ORF) on the negative strand of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) genome that could encode a protein named AntiSense Protein (ASP). In spite of some controversy, reports began to emerge some years later describing the detection of HIV-1 antisense transcripts, the presence of ASP in transfected and infected cells, and the existence of an immune response targeting ASP. Recently, it was established that the asp gene is exclusively conserved within the pandemic group M of HIV-1. In this review, we summarize the latest findings on HIV-1 antisense transcripts and ASP, and we discuss their potential functions in HIV-1 infection together with the role played by antisense transcripts and ASPs in some other viruses. Finally, we suggest pathways raised by the study of antisense transcripts and ASPs that may warrant exploration in the future. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T10:19:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-07e586ea1e064bc6864829f6a3763a7f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T10:19:01Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-07e586ea1e064bc6864829f6a3763a7f2022-12-21T22:35:21ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2021-01-011110.3389/fmicb.2020.625941625941Antisense Transcripts and Antisense Protein: A New Perspective on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1Juliette SavoretJean-Michel MesnardAntoine GrossNathalie ChazalIt was first predicted in 1988 that there may be an Open Reading Frame (ORF) on the negative strand of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) genome that could encode a protein named AntiSense Protein (ASP). In spite of some controversy, reports began to emerge some years later describing the detection of HIV-1 antisense transcripts, the presence of ASP in transfected and infected cells, and the existence of an immune response targeting ASP. Recently, it was established that the asp gene is exclusively conserved within the pandemic group M of HIV-1. In this review, we summarize the latest findings on HIV-1 antisense transcripts and ASP, and we discuss their potential functions in HIV-1 infection together with the role played by antisense transcripts and ASPs in some other viruses. Finally, we suggest pathways raised by the study of antisense transcripts and ASPs that may warrant exploration in the future.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2020.625941/fullHIV-1antisense transcriptsantisense proteinimmune responseevolution |
| spellingShingle | Juliette Savoret Jean-Michel Mesnard Antoine Gross Nathalie Chazal Antisense Transcripts and Antisense Protein: A New Perspective on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Frontiers in Microbiology HIV-1 antisense transcripts antisense protein immune response evolution |
| title | Antisense Transcripts and Antisense Protein: A New Perspective on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 |
| title_full | Antisense Transcripts and Antisense Protein: A New Perspective on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 |
| title_fullStr | Antisense Transcripts and Antisense Protein: A New Perspective on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antisense Transcripts and Antisense Protein: A New Perspective on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 |
| title_short | Antisense Transcripts and Antisense Protein: A New Perspective on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 |
| title_sort | antisense transcripts and antisense protein a new perspective on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 |
| topic | HIV-1 antisense transcripts antisense protein immune response evolution |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2020.625941/full |
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