Development of Green and Efficient Extraction Methods of Quercetin from Red Onion Scales Wastes Using Factorial Design for Method Optimization: A Comparative Study
Waste resulting from edible plants is considered one of the best sources of valuable phytochemicals. A promising approach for using these appreciated wastes is extracting precious medically important constituents, for example, free quercetin. Two new cost-effective and green extraction methods are i...
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| author | Heba-Alla H. Abd-ElSalam Mohammed Gamal Ibrahim A. Naguib Medhat A. Al-Ghobashy Hala E. Zaazaa M. Abdelkawy |
| author_facet | Heba-Alla H. Abd-ElSalam Mohammed Gamal Ibrahim A. Naguib Medhat A. Al-Ghobashy Hala E. Zaazaa M. Abdelkawy |
| author_sort | Heba-Alla H. Abd-ElSalam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Waste resulting from edible plants is considered one of the best sources of valuable phytochemicals. A promising approach for using these appreciated wastes is extracting precious medically important constituents, for example, free quercetin. Two new cost-effective and green extraction methods are introduced in the present study: ultrasound-assisted glycerol extraction (UAGE) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). These extraction protocols are optimized using factorial design to define the highest yield of extraction, and HPLC-UV at 370 nm was used as a method of yield analysis. Quercetin remained stable during the whole process in both extraction protocols. A standard addition technique was performed to quantify quercetin in different extracts and eliminate the matrix effect. In UAGE and MAE, extraction yields were 16.55 ± 0.81 and 27.20 ± 1.55 mg/1g from red onion scales on a dry base, respectively. The amount of quercetin extracted using MAE was superior to UAGE in terms of time and yield. A greenness assessment of the offered studies compared to previously published relevant extraction methods was performed using the analytical eco-scale assessment method (ESA) and national environmental methods index (NEMI). MAE showed to be a greener method with a higher ESA score and a greener NEMI pictogram. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:13:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-07f734ef8855434ab6f3ae69ba461819 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2297-8739 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:13:08Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Separations |
| spelling | doaj.art-07f734ef8855434ab6f3ae69ba4618192023-11-22T15:15:16ZengMDPI AGSeparations2297-87392021-08-018913710.3390/separations8090137Development of Green and Efficient Extraction Methods of Quercetin from Red Onion Scales Wastes Using Factorial Design for Method Optimization: A Comparative StudyHeba-Alla H. Abd-ElSalam0Mohammed Gamal1Ibrahim A. Naguib2Medhat A. Al-Ghobashy3Hala E. Zaazaa4M. Abdelkawy5Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Chinese University, Cairo 11786, EgyptPharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Alshaheed Shehata Ahmed Hegazy St., Beni Suef 62574, EgyptDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi ArabiaAnalytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr ElـAini St, Cairo 11562, EgyptAnalytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr ElـAini St, Cairo 11562, EgyptPharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science and Pharmaceutical Industries, Future University, Cairo 11835, EgyptWaste resulting from edible plants is considered one of the best sources of valuable phytochemicals. A promising approach for using these appreciated wastes is extracting precious medically important constituents, for example, free quercetin. Two new cost-effective and green extraction methods are introduced in the present study: ultrasound-assisted glycerol extraction (UAGE) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). These extraction protocols are optimized using factorial design to define the highest yield of extraction, and HPLC-UV at 370 nm was used as a method of yield analysis. Quercetin remained stable during the whole process in both extraction protocols. A standard addition technique was performed to quantify quercetin in different extracts and eliminate the matrix effect. In UAGE and MAE, extraction yields were 16.55 ± 0.81 and 27.20 ± 1.55 mg/1g from red onion scales on a dry base, respectively. The amount of quercetin extracted using MAE was superior to UAGE in terms of time and yield. A greenness assessment of the offered studies compared to previously published relevant extraction methods was performed using the analytical eco-scale assessment method (ESA) and national environmental methods index (NEMI). MAE showed to be a greener method with a higher ESA score and a greener NEMI pictogram.https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/8/9/137quercetinonion scalesultrasound-assisted glycerol extractionmicrowave-assisted extractiongreenness assessment |
| spellingShingle | Heba-Alla H. Abd-ElSalam Mohammed Gamal Ibrahim A. Naguib Medhat A. Al-Ghobashy Hala E. Zaazaa M. Abdelkawy Development of Green and Efficient Extraction Methods of Quercetin from Red Onion Scales Wastes Using Factorial Design for Method Optimization: A Comparative Study Separations quercetin onion scales ultrasound-assisted glycerol extraction microwave-assisted extraction greenness assessment |
| title | Development of Green and Efficient Extraction Methods of Quercetin from Red Onion Scales Wastes Using Factorial Design for Method Optimization: A Comparative Study |
| title_full | Development of Green and Efficient Extraction Methods of Quercetin from Red Onion Scales Wastes Using Factorial Design for Method Optimization: A Comparative Study |
| title_fullStr | Development of Green and Efficient Extraction Methods of Quercetin from Red Onion Scales Wastes Using Factorial Design for Method Optimization: A Comparative Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of Green and Efficient Extraction Methods of Quercetin from Red Onion Scales Wastes Using Factorial Design for Method Optimization: A Comparative Study |
| title_short | Development of Green and Efficient Extraction Methods of Quercetin from Red Onion Scales Wastes Using Factorial Design for Method Optimization: A Comparative Study |
| title_sort | development of green and efficient extraction methods of quercetin from red onion scales wastes using factorial design for method optimization a comparative study |
| topic | quercetin onion scales ultrasound-assisted glycerol extraction microwave-assisted extraction greenness assessment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/8/9/137 |
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