High-Voltage Polyanion Positive Electrode Materials
High-voltage generation (over 4 V versus Li<sup>+</sup>/Li) of polyanion-positive electrode materials is usually achieved by Ni<sup>3+</sup>/Ni<sup>2+</sup>, Co<sup>3+</sup>/Co<sup>2+</sup>, or V<sup>4+</sup>/V<sup>3+</...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/17/5143 |
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| author | Atsuo Yamada |
| author_facet | Atsuo Yamada |
| author_sort | Atsuo Yamada |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | High-voltage generation (over 4 V versus Li<sup>+</sup>/Li) of polyanion-positive electrode materials is usually achieved by Ni<sup>3+</sup>/Ni<sup>2+</sup>, Co<sup>3+</sup>/Co<sup>2+</sup>, or V<sup>4+</sup>/V<sup>3+</sup> redox couples, all of which, however, encounter cost and toxicity issues. In this short review, our recent efforts to utilize alternative abundant and less toxic Fe<sup>3+</sup>/Fe<sup>2+</sup> and Cr<sup>4+</sup>/Cr<sup>3+</sup> redox couples are summarized. Most successful examples are alluaudite Na<sub>2</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> (3.8 V versus sodium and hence 4.1 V versus lithium) and <i>β<sub>1</sub></i>-Na<sub>3</sub>Al<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>F<sub>3</sub>-type Na<sub>3</sub>Cr<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>F<sub>3</sub> (4.7 V versus sodium and hence 5.0 V versus lithium), where maximizing Δ<i>G</i> by edge-sharing Fe<sup>3+</sup>-Fe<sup>3+</sup> Coulombic repulsion and the use of the 3d<sup>2</sup>/3d<sup>3</sup> configuration of Cr<sup>4+</sup>/Cr<sup>3+</sup> are essential for each case. Possible exploration of new high-voltage cathode materials is also discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:06:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0809f63f983c41f782566b9d2ff30437 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:06:31Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-0809f63f983c41f782566b9d2ff304372023-11-22T10:59:42ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492021-08-012617514310.3390/molecules26175143High-Voltage Polyanion Positive Electrode MaterialsAtsuo Yamada0Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, JapanHigh-voltage generation (over 4 V versus Li<sup>+</sup>/Li) of polyanion-positive electrode materials is usually achieved by Ni<sup>3+</sup>/Ni<sup>2+</sup>, Co<sup>3+</sup>/Co<sup>2+</sup>, or V<sup>4+</sup>/V<sup>3+</sup> redox couples, all of which, however, encounter cost and toxicity issues. In this short review, our recent efforts to utilize alternative abundant and less toxic Fe<sup>3+</sup>/Fe<sup>2+</sup> and Cr<sup>4+</sup>/Cr<sup>3+</sup> redox couples are summarized. Most successful examples are alluaudite Na<sub>2</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> (3.8 V versus sodium and hence 4.1 V versus lithium) and <i>β<sub>1</sub></i>-Na<sub>3</sub>Al<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>F<sub>3</sub>-type Na<sub>3</sub>Cr<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>F<sub>3</sub> (4.7 V versus sodium and hence 5.0 V versus lithium), where maximizing Δ<i>G</i> by edge-sharing Fe<sup>3+</sup>-Fe<sup>3+</sup> Coulombic repulsion and the use of the 3d<sup>2</sup>/3d<sup>3</sup> configuration of Cr<sup>4+</sup>/Cr<sup>3+</sup> are essential for each case. Possible exploration of new high-voltage cathode materials is also discussed.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/17/5143cathodepolyanionhigh-voltage |
| spellingShingle | Atsuo Yamada High-Voltage Polyanion Positive Electrode Materials Molecules cathode polyanion high-voltage |
| title | High-Voltage Polyanion Positive Electrode Materials |
| title_full | High-Voltage Polyanion Positive Electrode Materials |
| title_fullStr | High-Voltage Polyanion Positive Electrode Materials |
| title_full_unstemmed | High-Voltage Polyanion Positive Electrode Materials |
| title_short | High-Voltage Polyanion Positive Electrode Materials |
| title_sort | high voltage polyanion positive electrode materials |
| topic | cathode polyanion high-voltage |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/17/5143 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT atsuoyamada highvoltagepolyanionpositiveelectrodematerials |