Laboratory studies of fresh and aged biomass burning aerosol emitted from east African biomass fuels – Part 2: Chemical properties and characterization
<p>There are many fuels used for domestic purposes in east Africa, producing a significant atmospheric burden of the resulting aerosols, which includes biomass burning particles. However, the aerosol physicochemical properties are poorly understood. Here, the combustion of eucalyptus, acacia,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| Online Access: | https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/20/10169/2020/acp-20-10169-2020.pdf |
| _version_ | 1818133700375740416 |
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| author | D. M. Smith D. M. Smith D. M. Smith T. Cui T. Cui M. N. Fiddler R. P. Pokhrel J. D. Surratt S. Bililign |
| author_facet | D. M. Smith D. M. Smith D. M. Smith T. Cui T. Cui M. N. Fiddler R. P. Pokhrel J. D. Surratt S. Bililign |
| author_sort | D. M. Smith |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>There are many fuels used for domestic purposes in east Africa, producing a significant atmospheric burden of the resulting aerosols, which includes biomass burning particles. However, the aerosol physicochemical properties are poorly understood. Here, the combustion of eucalyptus, acacia, and olive fuels was performed at 500 and 800 <span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span>C in a tube furnace, followed by immediate filter collection for fresh samples or introduction into a photochemical chamber to simulate atmospheric photochemical aging under the influence of anthropogenic emissions. The aerosol generated in the latter experiment was collected onto filters after 12 h of photochemical aging. 500 and 800 <span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span>C were selected to simulate smoldering and flaming combustion, respectively, and to cover a range of combustion conditions. Methanol extracts from Teflon filters were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography interfaced to both a diode array detector and an electrospray ionization high-resolution quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer (UPLC/DAD-ESI-HR-QTOFMS) to determine the light absorption properties of biomass burning organic aerosol constituents chemically characterized at the molecular level. Few chemical or UV–visible (UV: ultraviolet) differences were apparent between samples for the fuels when combusted at 800 <span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span>C. Differences in single-scattering albedo (SSA) between fresh samples at this temperature were attributed to compounds not captured in this analysis, with eucalyptol being one suspected missing component. For fresh combustion at 500 <span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span>C, many species were present; lignin pyrolysis and distillation products are more prevalent in eucalyptus, while pyrolysis products of cellulose and at least one nitro-aromatic species were more prevalent in acacia. SSA trends are
consistent with this, particularly if the absorption of those chromophores
extends to the 500–570 nm region. Upon aging, both show that resorcinol
or catechol was removed to the highest degree, and both aerosol types were
dominated by loss of pyrolysis and distillation products, though they differed in the specific compounds being consumed by the photochemical aging process.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T08:56:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-082bf1de543542a58655db94ea3a761c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1680-7316 1680-7324 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T08:56:53Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-082bf1de543542a58655db94ea3a761c2022-12-22T01:13:52ZengCopernicus PublicationsAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics1680-73161680-73242020-09-0120101691019110.5194/acp-20-10169-2020Laboratory studies of fresh and aged biomass burning aerosol emitted from east African biomass fuels – Part 2: Chemical properties and characterizationD. M. Smith0D. M. Smith1D. M. Smith2T. Cui3T. Cui4M. N. Fiddler5R. P. Pokhrel6J. D. Surratt7S. Bililign8Department of Physics, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USAApplied Sciences and Technology Program, North Carolina A & T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USAcurrent address: Department of Chemistry and Physics, Western Carolina University, Cullowhee, NC 28723, USADepartment of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USAcurrent address: Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen 5232, SwitzerlandDepartment of Chemistry, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USADepartment of Physics, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USADepartment of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USADepartment of Physics, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA<p>There are many fuels used for domestic purposes in east Africa, producing a significant atmospheric burden of the resulting aerosols, which includes biomass burning particles. However, the aerosol physicochemical properties are poorly understood. Here, the combustion of eucalyptus, acacia, and olive fuels was performed at 500 and 800 <span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span>C in a tube furnace, followed by immediate filter collection for fresh samples or introduction into a photochemical chamber to simulate atmospheric photochemical aging under the influence of anthropogenic emissions. The aerosol generated in the latter experiment was collected onto filters after 12 h of photochemical aging. 500 and 800 <span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span>C were selected to simulate smoldering and flaming combustion, respectively, and to cover a range of combustion conditions. Methanol extracts from Teflon filters were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography interfaced to both a diode array detector and an electrospray ionization high-resolution quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer (UPLC/DAD-ESI-HR-QTOFMS) to determine the light absorption properties of biomass burning organic aerosol constituents chemically characterized at the molecular level. Few chemical or UV–visible (UV: ultraviolet) differences were apparent between samples for the fuels when combusted at 800 <span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span>C. Differences in single-scattering albedo (SSA) between fresh samples at this temperature were attributed to compounds not captured in this analysis, with eucalyptol being one suspected missing component. For fresh combustion at 500 <span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span>C, many species were present; lignin pyrolysis and distillation products are more prevalent in eucalyptus, while pyrolysis products of cellulose and at least one nitro-aromatic species were more prevalent in acacia. SSA trends are consistent with this, particularly if the absorption of those chromophores extends to the 500–570 nm region. Upon aging, both show that resorcinol or catechol was removed to the highest degree, and both aerosol types were dominated by loss of pyrolysis and distillation products, though they differed in the specific compounds being consumed by the photochemical aging process.</p>https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/20/10169/2020/acp-20-10169-2020.pdf |
| spellingShingle | D. M. Smith D. M. Smith D. M. Smith T. Cui T. Cui M. N. Fiddler R. P. Pokhrel J. D. Surratt S. Bililign Laboratory studies of fresh and aged biomass burning aerosol emitted from east African biomass fuels – Part 2: Chemical properties and characterization Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| title | Laboratory studies of fresh and aged biomass burning aerosol emitted from east African biomass fuels – Part 2: Chemical properties and characterization |
| title_full | Laboratory studies of fresh and aged biomass burning aerosol emitted from east African biomass fuels – Part 2: Chemical properties and characterization |
| title_fullStr | Laboratory studies of fresh and aged biomass burning aerosol emitted from east African biomass fuels – Part 2: Chemical properties and characterization |
| title_full_unstemmed | Laboratory studies of fresh and aged biomass burning aerosol emitted from east African biomass fuels – Part 2: Chemical properties and characterization |
| title_short | Laboratory studies of fresh and aged biomass burning aerosol emitted from east African biomass fuels – Part 2: Chemical properties and characterization |
| title_sort | laboratory studies of fresh and aged biomass burning aerosol emitted from east african biomass fuels part 2 chemical properties and characterization |
| url | https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/20/10169/2020/acp-20-10169-2020.pdf |
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