Geospatial evaluation and bio-remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils in arid zones
Introduction: Soil pollution directly impacts food quality and the lives of both humans and animals. The concentration of heavy metals in Egypt’s drain-side soils is rising, which is detrimental to the quality of the soil and crops. The key to reducing the detrimental effects on the ecosystem is hav...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Environmental Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2024.1381409/full |
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| author | Elsayed Said Mohamed Elsayed Said Mohamed Mohamed E. M. Jalhoum Ehab Hendawy Ahmed M. El-Adly Said Nawar Nazih Y. Rebouh Ahmed Saleh Mohamed. S. Shokr |
| author_facet | Elsayed Said Mohamed Elsayed Said Mohamed Mohamed E. M. Jalhoum Ehab Hendawy Ahmed M. El-Adly Said Nawar Nazih Y. Rebouh Ahmed Saleh Mohamed. S. Shokr |
| author_sort | Elsayed Said Mohamed |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Soil pollution directly impacts food quality and the lives of both humans and animals. The concentration of heavy metals in Egypt’s drain-side soils is rising, which is detrimental to the quality of the soil and crops. The key to reducing the detrimental effects on the ecosystem is having accurate maps of the spatial distribution of heavy metals and the subsequent use of environmentally sustainable remediation approaches. The objective of this work is to assess soil contamination utilizing spatial mapping of heavy metals, determine contamination levels using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and calculate both the contamination severity and the potential for bioremediation in the soils surrounding the main drain of Bahr El-Baqar. Furthermore, evaluating the capacity of microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, and “Actinomycetes) to degrade heavy elements in the soil.Methodology: 146 soil sample locations were randomly selected near the Bahr El-Baqar drain to examine the degree of soil pollution Ordinary Kriging (OK), method was used to map and analyze the spatial distribution of soil contamination by seven heavy metals (Cr, Fe, Zn, Cd, Pb, As, and Ni). Modified contamination degree (mCd) and PCA were used to assess the research area’s soil pollution levels. The process involved isolating, identifying, and classifying the microorganisms present in the soil of the study area. The study findings showed that variography suggested the Stable model effectively matched pH, SOM, and Cd values. Furthermore, the exponential model proved suitable for predicting Fe, Pb and Ni, while the spherical model was appropriate for Ni, Cr, and Zn.Results: The study revealed three levels of contamination, with an extremely high degree (EHDC) affecting approximately 97.49% of the area. The EHDC exhibited average concentrations of heavy metals: 79.23 ± 17.81 for Cr, 20,014.08 ± 4545.91 for Fe, 201.31 ± 112.97 for Zn, 1.33 ± 1.37 for Cd, 40.96 ± 26.36 for Pb, 211.47 ± 13.96 for As, and 46.15 ± 9.72 for Ni. Isolation and identification of microorganisms showed a significant influence on the breakdown of both organic and inorganic pollutants in the environment. The study demonstrated exceptionally high removal efficiency for As and Cr, with a removal efficiency reached 100%, achieved by Rhizopus oryzae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus thuringiensis.Conclusion: This study has designated management zones for soil contamination by mapping soil pollutants, geo-identified them, and found potential microorganisms that could significantly reduce soil pollution levels. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T08:58:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-082ea8a10975437e98b3119cfe542a46 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-665X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T08:58:11Z |
| publishDate | 2024-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Environmental Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-082ea8a10975437e98b3119cfe542a462024-04-16T04:36:23ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Environmental Science2296-665X2024-04-011210.3389/fenvs.2024.13814091381409Geospatial evaluation and bio-remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils in arid zonesElsayed Said Mohamed0Elsayed Said Mohamed1Mohamed E. M. Jalhoum2Ehab Hendawy3Ahmed M. El-Adly4Said Nawar5Nazih Y. Rebouh6Ahmed Saleh7Mohamed. S. Shokr8National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences, Cairo, EgyptDepartment of Environmental Management, Institute of Environmental Engineering (RUDN University), Moscow, RussiaNational Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences, Cairo, EgyptNational Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences, Cairo, EgyptBotany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, EgyptSoil and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, EgyptDepartment of Environmental Management, Institute of Environmental Engineering (RUDN University), Moscow, RussiaNational Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences, Cairo, EgyptSoil and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta, EgyptIntroduction: Soil pollution directly impacts food quality and the lives of both humans and animals. The concentration of heavy metals in Egypt’s drain-side soils is rising, which is detrimental to the quality of the soil and crops. The key to reducing the detrimental effects on the ecosystem is having accurate maps of the spatial distribution of heavy metals and the subsequent use of environmentally sustainable remediation approaches. The objective of this work is to assess soil contamination utilizing spatial mapping of heavy metals, determine contamination levels using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and calculate both the contamination severity and the potential for bioremediation in the soils surrounding the main drain of Bahr El-Baqar. Furthermore, evaluating the capacity of microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, and “Actinomycetes) to degrade heavy elements in the soil.Methodology: 146 soil sample locations were randomly selected near the Bahr El-Baqar drain to examine the degree of soil pollution Ordinary Kriging (OK), method was used to map and analyze the spatial distribution of soil contamination by seven heavy metals (Cr, Fe, Zn, Cd, Pb, As, and Ni). Modified contamination degree (mCd) and PCA were used to assess the research area’s soil pollution levels. The process involved isolating, identifying, and classifying the microorganisms present in the soil of the study area. The study findings showed that variography suggested the Stable model effectively matched pH, SOM, and Cd values. Furthermore, the exponential model proved suitable for predicting Fe, Pb and Ni, while the spherical model was appropriate for Ni, Cr, and Zn.Results: The study revealed three levels of contamination, with an extremely high degree (EHDC) affecting approximately 97.49% of the area. The EHDC exhibited average concentrations of heavy metals: 79.23 ± 17.81 for Cr, 20,014.08 ± 4545.91 for Fe, 201.31 ± 112.97 for Zn, 1.33 ± 1.37 for Cd, 40.96 ± 26.36 for Pb, 211.47 ± 13.96 for As, and 46.15 ± 9.72 for Ni. Isolation and identification of microorganisms showed a significant influence on the breakdown of both organic and inorganic pollutants in the environment. The study demonstrated exceptionally high removal efficiency for As and Cr, with a removal efficiency reached 100%, achieved by Rhizopus oryzae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus thuringiensis.Conclusion: This study has designated management zones for soil contamination by mapping soil pollutants, geo-identified them, and found potential microorganisms that could significantly reduce soil pollution levels.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2024.1381409/fullwastewaterGISPCAnovel bioremediationNile Delta |
| spellingShingle | Elsayed Said Mohamed Elsayed Said Mohamed Mohamed E. M. Jalhoum Ehab Hendawy Ahmed M. El-Adly Said Nawar Nazih Y. Rebouh Ahmed Saleh Mohamed. S. Shokr Geospatial evaluation and bio-remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils in arid zones Frontiers in Environmental Science wastewater GIS PCA novel bioremediation Nile Delta |
| title | Geospatial evaluation and bio-remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils in arid zones |
| title_full | Geospatial evaluation and bio-remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils in arid zones |
| title_fullStr | Geospatial evaluation and bio-remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils in arid zones |
| title_full_unstemmed | Geospatial evaluation and bio-remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils in arid zones |
| title_short | Geospatial evaluation and bio-remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils in arid zones |
| title_sort | geospatial evaluation and bio remediation of heavy metal contaminated soils in arid zones |
| topic | wastewater GIS PCA novel bioremediation Nile Delta |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2024.1381409/full |
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