Sheep Excreta as Source of Nitrous Oxide in Ryegrass Pasture in Southern Brazil
ABSTRACT Livestock urine and dung are important components of the N cycle in pastures, but little information on its effect on soil nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions is available. We conducted a short-term (39-day) trial to quantify the direct N2O-N emissions from sheep excreta on an experimental area o...
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Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo
2015-10-01
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| Series: | Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo |
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| Online Access: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832015000501498&lng=en&tlng=en |
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| author | Michely Tomazi Emanuelle Cavazini Magiero Joice Mari Assmann Tatiane Bagatini Jeferson Dieckow Paulo Cesar de Faccio Carvalho Cimélio Bayer |
| author_facet | Michely Tomazi Emanuelle Cavazini Magiero Joice Mari Assmann Tatiane Bagatini Jeferson Dieckow Paulo Cesar de Faccio Carvalho Cimélio Bayer |
| author_sort | Michely Tomazi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Livestock urine and dung are important components of the N cycle in pastures, but little information on its effect on soil nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions is available. We conducted a short-term (39-day) trial to quantify the direct N2O-N emissions from sheep excreta on an experimental area of ryegrass pasture growing on a Typic Paleudult in southern Brazil. Four rates of urine-N (161, 242, 323, and 403 kg ha-1 N) and one of dung-N (13 kg ha-1 N) were applied, as well as a control plot receiving no excreta. The N2O-N emission factor (EF = % of added N released as N2O-N) for urine and dung was calculated, taking into account the N2O fluxes in the field, over a period of 39 days. The EF value of the urine and dung was used to estimate the emissions of N2O-N over a 90-day period of pasture in the winter under two grazing intensities (2.5 or 5.0 times the herbage intake potential of grazing lambs). The soil N2O-N fluxes ranged from 4 to 353 µg m-2h-1. The highest N2O-N fluxes occurred 16 days after application of urine and dung, when the highest soil nitrate content was also recorded and the water-filled pore space exceeded 60 %. The mean EF for urine was 0.25 % of applied N, much higher than that for dung (0.06 %). We found that N2O-N emissions for the 90-day winter pasture period were 0.54 kg ha-1 for low grazing intensity and 0.62 kg ha-1 for moderate grazing intensity. Comparison of the two forms of excreta show that urine was the main contributor to N2O-N emissions (mean of 36 %), whereas dung was responsible for less than 0.1 % of total soil N2O-N emissions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-23T23:33:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0830634e7cf24b71b48009512dfea8b2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1806-9657 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-23T23:33:56Z |
| publishDate | 2015-10-01 |
| publisher | Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo |
| spelling | doaj.art-0830634e7cf24b71b48009512dfea8b22022-12-21T17:25:55ZengSociedade Brasileira de Ciência do SoloRevista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo1806-96572015-10-013951498150610.1590/01000683rbcs20140497S0100-06832015000501498Sheep Excreta as Source of Nitrous Oxide in Ryegrass Pasture in Southern BrazilMichely TomaziEmanuelle Cavazini MagieroJoice Mari AssmannTatiane BagatiniJeferson DieckowPaulo Cesar de Faccio CarvalhoCimélio BayerABSTRACT Livestock urine and dung are important components of the N cycle in pastures, but little information on its effect on soil nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions is available. We conducted a short-term (39-day) trial to quantify the direct N2O-N emissions from sheep excreta on an experimental area of ryegrass pasture growing on a Typic Paleudult in southern Brazil. Four rates of urine-N (161, 242, 323, and 403 kg ha-1 N) and one of dung-N (13 kg ha-1 N) were applied, as well as a control plot receiving no excreta. The N2O-N emission factor (EF = % of added N released as N2O-N) for urine and dung was calculated, taking into account the N2O fluxes in the field, over a period of 39 days. The EF value of the urine and dung was used to estimate the emissions of N2O-N over a 90-day period of pasture in the winter under two grazing intensities (2.5 or 5.0 times the herbage intake potential of grazing lambs). The soil N2O-N fluxes ranged from 4 to 353 µg m-2h-1. The highest N2O-N fluxes occurred 16 days after application of urine and dung, when the highest soil nitrate content was also recorded and the water-filled pore space exceeded 60 %. The mean EF for urine was 0.25 % of applied N, much higher than that for dung (0.06 %). We found that N2O-N emissions for the 90-day winter pasture period were 0.54 kg ha-1 for low grazing intensity and 0.62 kg ha-1 for moderate grazing intensity. Comparison of the two forms of excreta show that urine was the main contributor to N2O-N emissions (mean of 36 %), whereas dung was responsible for less than 0.1 % of total soil N2O-N emissions.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832015000501498&lng=en&tlng=enalterações climáticasfator de emissãourinafezesintegração lavoura-pecuária |
| spellingShingle | Michely Tomazi Emanuelle Cavazini Magiero Joice Mari Assmann Tatiane Bagatini Jeferson Dieckow Paulo Cesar de Faccio Carvalho Cimélio Bayer Sheep Excreta as Source of Nitrous Oxide in Ryegrass Pasture in Southern Brazil Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo alterações climáticas fator de emissão urina fezes integração lavoura-pecuária |
| title | Sheep Excreta as Source of Nitrous Oxide in Ryegrass Pasture in Southern Brazil |
| title_full | Sheep Excreta as Source of Nitrous Oxide in Ryegrass Pasture in Southern Brazil |
| title_fullStr | Sheep Excreta as Source of Nitrous Oxide in Ryegrass Pasture in Southern Brazil |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sheep Excreta as Source of Nitrous Oxide in Ryegrass Pasture in Southern Brazil |
| title_short | Sheep Excreta as Source of Nitrous Oxide in Ryegrass Pasture in Southern Brazil |
| title_sort | sheep excreta as source of nitrous oxide in ryegrass pasture in southern brazil |
| topic | alterações climáticas fator de emissão urina fezes integração lavoura-pecuária |
| url | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832015000501498&lng=en&tlng=en |
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