Exchangeable and Plant-Available Macronutrients in a Long-Term Tillage and Crop Rotation Experiment after 15 Years
The status of macronutrients phosphorus (P), potassium (K), sulphur (S), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) was assessed 15 years after the establishment of a long-term crop rotation and soil tillage trial with mouldboard ploughing (MP), no-till (NT), deep conservation tillage (CTd) and shallow conserv...
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/4/565 |
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| author | Reinhard W. Neugschwandtner Jiřina Száková Vera Pachtrog Pavel Tlustoš Martin Kulhánek Jindřich Černý Hans-Peter Kaul Helmut Wagentristl Gerhard Moitzi Pia Euteneuer |
| author_facet | Reinhard W. Neugschwandtner Jiřina Száková Vera Pachtrog Pavel Tlustoš Martin Kulhánek Jindřich Černý Hans-Peter Kaul Helmut Wagentristl Gerhard Moitzi Pia Euteneuer |
| author_sort | Reinhard W. Neugschwandtner |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The status of macronutrients phosphorus (P), potassium (K), sulphur (S), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) was assessed 15 years after the establishment of a long-term crop rotation and soil tillage trial with mouldboard ploughing (MP), no-till (NT), deep conservation tillage (CTd) and shallow conservation tillage (CTs). The mobile proportions of macronutrients in an Austrian Chernozem soil were determined to a depth of 50 cm with the single reagent extractant acetic acid (AA) and Mehlich 3 (M3), which uses several reagents as extractants. AA revealed less P and K, but more Ca and Mg compared to M3. Both extractants could capture the distribution pattern of the nutrients in the soil profile, but M3 showed higher differences among the soil layers. In the first 5 cm in NT, the P concentration was higher than in MP, CTd and CTs. The concentration of K was higher in NT, CTd and CTs than in MP in the first 10 cm of the soil. Phosphorus and K concentrations did not differ between tillage treatments below these soil layers, and S, Ca and Mg were similar in all soil layers. As none of the analysed elements except for Ca were fertilized and no accumulation of S, Ca and Mg was observed in the upper soil layer, the higher concentrations are attributed to accumulation through crop residues and then less leaching of P and K. Crop rotation did not affect the distribution of the analysed macronutrients in the soil but affected the nutrient uptake by winter wheat mostly due to the yield differences of winter wheat in the two crop rotations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:11:41Z |
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| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:11:41Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-083a508a29534284b8bce596e477c5a32023-11-23T21:43:28ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472022-02-0111456510.3390/plants11040565Exchangeable and Plant-Available Macronutrients in a Long-Term Tillage and Crop Rotation Experiment after 15 YearsReinhard W. Neugschwandtner0Jiřina Száková1Vera Pachtrog2Pavel Tlustoš3Martin Kulhánek4Jindřich Černý5Hans-Peter Kaul6Helmut Wagentristl7Gerhard Moitzi8Pia Euteneuer9Institute of Agronomy, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, 3430 Tulln, AustriaDepartment of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Prague, Czech RepublicInstitute of Agronomy, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, 3430 Tulln, AustriaDepartment of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Prague, Czech RepublicInstitute of Agronomy, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, 3430 Tulln, AustriaExperimental Farm Groß-Enzersdorf, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Schloßhoferstraße 31, 2301 Groß-Enzersdorf, AustriaExperimental Farm Groß-Enzersdorf, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Schloßhoferstraße 31, 2301 Groß-Enzersdorf, AustriaExperimental Farm Groß-Enzersdorf, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Schloßhoferstraße 31, 2301 Groß-Enzersdorf, AustriaThe status of macronutrients phosphorus (P), potassium (K), sulphur (S), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) was assessed 15 years after the establishment of a long-term crop rotation and soil tillage trial with mouldboard ploughing (MP), no-till (NT), deep conservation tillage (CTd) and shallow conservation tillage (CTs). The mobile proportions of macronutrients in an Austrian Chernozem soil were determined to a depth of 50 cm with the single reagent extractant acetic acid (AA) and Mehlich 3 (M3), which uses several reagents as extractants. AA revealed less P and K, but more Ca and Mg compared to M3. Both extractants could capture the distribution pattern of the nutrients in the soil profile, but M3 showed higher differences among the soil layers. In the first 5 cm in NT, the P concentration was higher than in MP, CTd and CTs. The concentration of K was higher in NT, CTd and CTs than in MP in the first 10 cm of the soil. Phosphorus and K concentrations did not differ between tillage treatments below these soil layers, and S, Ca and Mg were similar in all soil layers. As none of the analysed elements except for Ca were fertilized and no accumulation of S, Ca and Mg was observed in the upper soil layer, the higher concentrations are attributed to accumulation through crop residues and then less leaching of P and K. Crop rotation did not affect the distribution of the analysed macronutrients in the soil but affected the nutrient uptake by winter wheat mostly due to the yield differences of winter wheat in the two crop rotations.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/4/565phosphoruspotassiumsulphurcalciummagnesium |
| spellingShingle | Reinhard W. Neugschwandtner Jiřina Száková Vera Pachtrog Pavel Tlustoš Martin Kulhánek Jindřich Černý Hans-Peter Kaul Helmut Wagentristl Gerhard Moitzi Pia Euteneuer Exchangeable and Plant-Available Macronutrients in a Long-Term Tillage and Crop Rotation Experiment after 15 Years Plants phosphorus potassium sulphur calcium magnesium |
| title | Exchangeable and Plant-Available Macronutrients in a Long-Term Tillage and Crop Rotation Experiment after 15 Years |
| title_full | Exchangeable and Plant-Available Macronutrients in a Long-Term Tillage and Crop Rotation Experiment after 15 Years |
| title_fullStr | Exchangeable and Plant-Available Macronutrients in a Long-Term Tillage and Crop Rotation Experiment after 15 Years |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exchangeable and Plant-Available Macronutrients in a Long-Term Tillage and Crop Rotation Experiment after 15 Years |
| title_short | Exchangeable and Plant-Available Macronutrients in a Long-Term Tillage and Crop Rotation Experiment after 15 Years |
| title_sort | exchangeable and plant available macronutrients in a long term tillage and crop rotation experiment after 15 years |
| topic | phosphorus potassium sulphur calcium magnesium |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/4/565 |
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