Underestimated ammonia vehicular emissions in metropolitan city revealed by on-road mobile measurement
Atmospheric ammonia (NH _3 ) plays a significant role in the nitrogen cycle, and can have impacts on air quality, ecological balance and climate change. While NH _3 associated with natural and agricultural processes has long been considered the primary source, the contribution of combustion-related...
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2023-01-01
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Series: | Environmental Research Letters |
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/acf94a |
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author | Chuanqi Gu Shanshan Wang Jian Zhu Wenhao Dai Jiaqi Liu Ruibin Xue Xiang Che Yanfen Lin Yusen Duan Mark O Wenig Bin Zhou |
author_facet | Chuanqi Gu Shanshan Wang Jian Zhu Wenhao Dai Jiaqi Liu Ruibin Xue Xiang Che Yanfen Lin Yusen Duan Mark O Wenig Bin Zhou |
author_sort | Chuanqi Gu |
collection | DOAJ |
description | Atmospheric ammonia (NH _3 ) plays a significant role in the nitrogen cycle, and can have impacts on air quality, ecological balance and climate change. While NH _3 associated with natural and agricultural processes has long been considered the primary source, the contribution of combustion-related NH _3 , particularly from vehicular emissions, keeps on the rise. We found that high on-road NH _3 concentrations occurred in a metropolitan city based on mobile measurement, and inferred that urban vehicular NH _3 emission was likely underestimated in the past. NH _3 emission factors (EFs) were derived from ring roads and tunnels, showing levels 74% and 20% higher than the latest standard proposed by Euro VII, respectively. To quantify the underestimation, two methods based on car ownership and traffic flow were used to estimate the annual vehicular NH _3 emission in Shanghai as 2.59 and 1.76 Gg, respectively, substantially surpassing the predicted results by the Dynamic Projection model for Emissions in China. Given these discoveries, we recommend that it is urgent and imperative to establish relevant national standards and limits aiming at regulation on vehicular NH _3 emissions. And more representative EFs measurements should be adopted to improve the accuracy of inventory estimation. |
first_indexed | 2024-03-11T20:06:07Z |
format | Article |
id | doaj.art-083ac528d6ec4e75bc9529255ce58156 |
institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
issn | 1748-9326 |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-03-11T20:06:07Z |
publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
publisher | IOP Publishing |
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series | Environmental Research Letters |
spelling | doaj.art-083ac528d6ec4e75bc9529255ce581562023-10-03T14:21:07ZengIOP PublishingEnvironmental Research Letters1748-93262023-01-01181010404010.1088/1748-9326/acf94aUnderestimated ammonia vehicular emissions in metropolitan city revealed by on-road mobile measurementChuanqi Gu0Shanshan Wang1Jian Zhu2Wenhao Dai3Jiaqi Liu4Ruibin Xue5Xiang Che6Yanfen Lin7Yusen Duan8Mark O Wenig9Bin Zhou10Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University , Shanghai, People’s Republic of ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University , Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; Institute of Eco-Chongming (IEC) , No.20 Cuiniao Road, Shanghai, People’s Republic of ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University , Shanghai, People’s Republic of ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University , Shanghai, People’s Republic of ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University , Shanghai, People’s Republic of ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University , Shanghai, People’s Republic of ChinaShanghai Environmental Monitoring Centre , Shanghai, People’s Republic of ChinaShanghai Environmental Monitoring Centre , Shanghai, People’s Republic of ChinaShanghai Environmental Monitoring Centre , Shanghai, People’s Republic of ChinaMeteorological Institute, Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU) , Munich, GermanyShanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University , Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; Institute of Eco-Chongming (IEC) , No.20 Cuiniao Road, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; Zhuhai Fudan Innovation Institute , Zhuhai, People’s Republic of ChinaAtmospheric ammonia (NH _3 ) plays a significant role in the nitrogen cycle, and can have impacts on air quality, ecological balance and climate change. While NH _3 associated with natural and agricultural processes has long been considered the primary source, the contribution of combustion-related NH _3 , particularly from vehicular emissions, keeps on the rise. We found that high on-road NH _3 concentrations occurred in a metropolitan city based on mobile measurement, and inferred that urban vehicular NH _3 emission was likely underestimated in the past. NH _3 emission factors (EFs) were derived from ring roads and tunnels, showing levels 74% and 20% higher than the latest standard proposed by Euro VII, respectively. To quantify the underestimation, two methods based on car ownership and traffic flow were used to estimate the annual vehicular NH _3 emission in Shanghai as 2.59 and 1.76 Gg, respectively, substantially surpassing the predicted results by the Dynamic Projection model for Emissions in China. Given these discoveries, we recommend that it is urgent and imperative to establish relevant national standards and limits aiming at regulation on vehicular NH _3 emissions. And more representative EFs measurements should be adopted to improve the accuracy of inventory estimation.https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/acf94aammoniamobile measurementDOASemission factor |
spellingShingle | Chuanqi Gu Shanshan Wang Jian Zhu Wenhao Dai Jiaqi Liu Ruibin Xue Xiang Che Yanfen Lin Yusen Duan Mark O Wenig Bin Zhou Underestimated ammonia vehicular emissions in metropolitan city revealed by on-road mobile measurement Environmental Research Letters ammonia mobile measurement DOAS emission factor |
title | Underestimated ammonia vehicular emissions in metropolitan city revealed by on-road mobile measurement |
title_full | Underestimated ammonia vehicular emissions in metropolitan city revealed by on-road mobile measurement |
title_fullStr | Underestimated ammonia vehicular emissions in metropolitan city revealed by on-road mobile measurement |
title_full_unstemmed | Underestimated ammonia vehicular emissions in metropolitan city revealed by on-road mobile measurement |
title_short | Underestimated ammonia vehicular emissions in metropolitan city revealed by on-road mobile measurement |
title_sort | underestimated ammonia vehicular emissions in metropolitan city revealed by on road mobile measurement |
topic | ammonia mobile measurement DOAS emission factor |
url | https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/acf94a |
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