Comparative Study of GeneXpert with ZN Stain and Culture in Samples of Suspected Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Introduction: Tuberculosis remains one of the deadliest communicable diseases. There are number of tests available for the diagnosis of tuberculosis but conventional microscopy has low sensitivity and culture although gold standard, takes longer time for positivity. On the other side, Nucleic ac...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2016-05-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
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| Online Access: | https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/7755/18837_CE(RA1)_F(T)_PF1(ROAK)_PFA(AK)_PF2(PAG).pdf |
| _version_ | 1818317333636055040 |
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| author | Monika Agrawal Ashish Bajaj Vinay Bhatia Sarjana Dutt |
| author_facet | Monika Agrawal Ashish Bajaj Vinay Bhatia Sarjana Dutt |
| author_sort | Monika Agrawal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Tuberculosis remains one of the deadliest
communicable diseases. There are number of tests available for
the diagnosis of tuberculosis but conventional microscopy has
low sensitivity and culture although gold standard, takes longer
time for positivity. On the other side, Nucleic acid amplification
techniques due to its rapidity and sensitivity not only help in
early diagnosis and management of tuberculosis especially in
patients with high clinical suspicion like immunocompromised
patients, history of contact with active tuberculosis patient etc.,
but also curtail the transmission of the disease.
Aim: To evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive
value and negative predictive value of Nucleic acid amplification
assay (GeneXpert) using respiratory samples in patients with
suspected pulmonary tuberculosis and compare with AFB
smear microscopy (Ziehl Neelsen stain) and Acid Fast Bacilli
(AFB) culture.
Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the
respiratory samples of suspected pulmonary tuberculosis
(including Bronchoalveolar lavage and sputum) of 170 patients
from Jan 2015 to Nov 2015 for ZN stain, culture and GeneXpert
(Xpert® MTB/Rif assay). The sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV
of GeneXpert and ZN microscopy were calculated using Liquid
culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis as gold standard.
Results: A total of 170 patient samples were evaluated in
final analysis. Of these, 14 samples were positive by all three
methods used in our study. The overall sensitivity, specificity,
PPV and NPV of GeneXpert were 86.8%, 93.1%, 78.5% and
96% respectively and for BAL sample, 81.4%, 93.4%, 73.3%
and 95.7% respectively. The overall sensitivity and specificity of
AFB smear microscopy were 22.2%, and 78.5% respectively and
for BAL sample 22.2% and 100% respectively. For AFB negative
samples sensitivity and specificity were 79.1% and 93.1%
respectively.
Conclusion: GeneXpert has a higher sensitivity than AFB smear
microscopy in respiratory samples. GeneXpert can be a useful
tool for early diagnosis of patients with high clinical suspicion of
pulmonary tuberculosis. Positive GeneXpert, but culture negative
results should be read cautiously and be well correlated with clinical
and treatment history of the patient. The other major advantage of
Gene Xpert is that it simultaneously detects Rifampicin resistance
and is especially beneficial in patient with MDR and HIV associated
tuberculosis and should be studied further. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T09:35:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-084151a4ab92406593f23ead6f06c2e2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2249-782X 0973-709X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T09:35:40Z |
| publishDate | 2016-05-01 |
| publisher | JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-084151a4ab92406593f23ead6f06c2e22022-12-21T23:52:21ZengJCDR Research and Publications Private LimitedJournal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research2249-782X0973-709X2016-05-01105DC09DC1210.7860/JCDR/2016/18837.7755Comparative Study of GeneXpert with ZN Stain and Culture in Samples of Suspected Pulmonary TuberculosisMonika Agrawal0Ashish Bajaj1Vinay Bhatia2Sarjana Dutt3Consultant Microbiologist, Department of Microbiology, Oncquest Laboratories Limited, New Delhi, India.Junior Consultant Microbiologist, Department of Microbiology, Oncquest Laboratories Limited, New Delhi, India.Manager Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, Oncquest Laboratories Limited, New Delhi, India.Director, Department of Molecular Biology and R&D, Oncquest Laboratories Limited, New Delhi, India.Introduction: Tuberculosis remains one of the deadliest communicable diseases. There are number of tests available for the diagnosis of tuberculosis but conventional microscopy has low sensitivity and culture although gold standard, takes longer time for positivity. On the other side, Nucleic acid amplification techniques due to its rapidity and sensitivity not only help in early diagnosis and management of tuberculosis especially in patients with high clinical suspicion like immunocompromised patients, history of contact with active tuberculosis patient etc., but also curtail the transmission of the disease. Aim: To evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of Nucleic acid amplification assay (GeneXpert) using respiratory samples in patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis and compare with AFB smear microscopy (Ziehl Neelsen stain) and Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB) culture. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the respiratory samples of suspected pulmonary tuberculosis (including Bronchoalveolar lavage and sputum) of 170 patients from Jan 2015 to Nov 2015 for ZN stain, culture and GeneXpert (Xpert® MTB/Rif assay). The sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of GeneXpert and ZN microscopy were calculated using Liquid culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis as gold standard. Results: A total of 170 patient samples were evaluated in final analysis. Of these, 14 samples were positive by all three methods used in our study. The overall sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of GeneXpert were 86.8%, 93.1%, 78.5% and 96% respectively and for BAL sample, 81.4%, 93.4%, 73.3% and 95.7% respectively. The overall sensitivity and specificity of AFB smear microscopy were 22.2%, and 78.5% respectively and for BAL sample 22.2% and 100% respectively. For AFB negative samples sensitivity and specificity were 79.1% and 93.1% respectively. Conclusion: GeneXpert has a higher sensitivity than AFB smear microscopy in respiratory samples. GeneXpert can be a useful tool for early diagnosis of patients with high clinical suspicion of pulmonary tuberculosis. Positive GeneXpert, but culture negative results should be read cautiously and be well correlated with clinical and treatment history of the patient. The other major advantage of Gene Xpert is that it simultaneously detects Rifampicin resistance and is especially beneficial in patient with MDR and HIV associated tuberculosis and should be studied further.https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/7755/18837_CE(RA1)_F(T)_PF1(ROAK)_PFA(AK)_PF2(PAG).pdfacid fast bacillibronchoalveolar lavagesmear microscopysputum |
| spellingShingle | Monika Agrawal Ashish Bajaj Vinay Bhatia Sarjana Dutt Comparative Study of GeneXpert with ZN Stain and Culture in Samples of Suspected Pulmonary Tuberculosis Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research acid fast bacilli bronchoalveolar lavage smear microscopy sputum |
| title | Comparative Study of GeneXpert with ZN Stain and Culture in Samples of Suspected Pulmonary Tuberculosis |
| title_full | Comparative Study of GeneXpert with ZN Stain and Culture in Samples of Suspected Pulmonary Tuberculosis |
| title_fullStr | Comparative Study of GeneXpert with ZN Stain and Culture in Samples of Suspected Pulmonary Tuberculosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative Study of GeneXpert with ZN Stain and Culture in Samples of Suspected Pulmonary Tuberculosis |
| title_short | Comparative Study of GeneXpert with ZN Stain and Culture in Samples of Suspected Pulmonary Tuberculosis |
| title_sort | comparative study of genexpert with zn stain and culture in samples of suspected pulmonary tuberculosis |
| topic | acid fast bacilli bronchoalveolar lavage smear microscopy sputum |
| url | https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/7755/18837_CE(RA1)_F(T)_PF1(ROAK)_PFA(AK)_PF2(PAG).pdf |
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