Cervicovaginal secretions protect from human papillomavirus infection: Effects of vaginal douching
Objective: Cervicovaginal secretions (CVSs) are reported to protect against human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Although vaginal douching is known to clear both viral inoculants and CVSs, its effect on CVSs in women with HPV infection is unknown. Materials and Methods: The in vitro HPV pseudovirus...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2013-06-01
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| Series: | Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1028455913000715 |
| _version_ | 1818114798697578496 |
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| author | Tang-Yuan Chu Ying-Cheng Chang Dah-Ching Ding |
| author_facet | Tang-Yuan Chu Ying-Cheng Chang Dah-Ching Ding |
| author_sort | Tang-Yuan Chu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective: Cervicovaginal secretions (CVSs) are reported to protect against human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Although vaginal douching is known to clear both viral inoculants and CVSs, its effect on CVSs in women with HPV infection is unknown.
Materials and Methods: The in vitro HPV pseudovirus infection system was used to test the protective activity of CVSs against HPV infection in samples collected before and after vaginal douching. To simulate different time points of vaginal douching in relation to viral exposure, the cell CVS reconstitute was washed after different viral exposure durations.
Results: In the CVSs of premenopausal and postmenopausal women who did not perform douching, the CVSs inhibited HPV infection by 56.7 ± 1.8% and 53.6 ± 2.5%, respectively; in women who had performed douching, the CVSs inhibited HPV infection by only 31.2 ± 7.1%, which was significantly lower (p < 0.01). Cell washing effectively cleared 60–90% of the infectious load with the greatest activity occurring within 30 minutes after inoculation. In the presence of CVSs, a sustained inhibition of HPV infection existed for up to 8 hours after HPV exposure, and cell washing increased the clearance to up to 82–93% of the infectious load.
Conclusion: This study confirms the protective activity of CVSs against HPV infection regardless of age. In this in vitro study, the net effect of douching was found to be beneficial. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T03:56:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-084971da9529471ea51344b0baebb02d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1028-4559 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T03:56:27Z |
| publishDate | 2013-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology |
| spelling | doaj.art-084971da9529471ea51344b0baebb02d2022-12-22T01:21:46ZengElsevierTaiwanese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology1028-45592013-06-0152224124510.1016/j.tjog.2013.04.015Cervicovaginal secretions protect from human papillomavirus infection: Effects of vaginal douchingTang-Yuan Chu0Ying-Cheng Chang1Dah-Ching Ding2Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, TaiwanCervical Cancer Prevention Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, TaiwanDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, TaiwanObjective: Cervicovaginal secretions (CVSs) are reported to protect against human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Although vaginal douching is known to clear both viral inoculants and CVSs, its effect on CVSs in women with HPV infection is unknown. Materials and Methods: The in vitro HPV pseudovirus infection system was used to test the protective activity of CVSs against HPV infection in samples collected before and after vaginal douching. To simulate different time points of vaginal douching in relation to viral exposure, the cell CVS reconstitute was washed after different viral exposure durations. Results: In the CVSs of premenopausal and postmenopausal women who did not perform douching, the CVSs inhibited HPV infection by 56.7 ± 1.8% and 53.6 ± 2.5%, respectively; in women who had performed douching, the CVSs inhibited HPV infection by only 31.2 ± 7.1%, which was significantly lower (p < 0.01). Cell washing effectively cleared 60–90% of the infectious load with the greatest activity occurring within 30 minutes after inoculation. In the presence of CVSs, a sustained inhibition of HPV infection existed for up to 8 hours after HPV exposure, and cell washing increased the clearance to up to 82–93% of the infectious load. Conclusion: This study confirms the protective activity of CVSs against HPV infection regardless of age. In this in vitro study, the net effect of douching was found to be beneficial.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1028455913000715cervicovaginal secretionhuman papillomavirus infectionvaginal douche |
| spellingShingle | Tang-Yuan Chu Ying-Cheng Chang Dah-Ching Ding Cervicovaginal secretions protect from human papillomavirus infection: Effects of vaginal douching Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology cervicovaginal secretion human papillomavirus infection vaginal douche |
| title | Cervicovaginal secretions protect from human papillomavirus infection: Effects of vaginal douching |
| title_full | Cervicovaginal secretions protect from human papillomavirus infection: Effects of vaginal douching |
| title_fullStr | Cervicovaginal secretions protect from human papillomavirus infection: Effects of vaginal douching |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cervicovaginal secretions protect from human papillomavirus infection: Effects of vaginal douching |
| title_short | Cervicovaginal secretions protect from human papillomavirus infection: Effects of vaginal douching |
| title_sort | cervicovaginal secretions protect from human papillomavirus infection effects of vaginal douching |
| topic | cervicovaginal secretion human papillomavirus infection vaginal douche |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1028455913000715 |
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